From introduction: "The concluding remarks of the report on the electron diffraction study of UF6 suggest two alternate explanations for the apparent discrepancy between the structure proposed for this compound as deduced from X-ray diffraction work on single crystals and from the electron diffraction investigation of the vapor. The second explanation is based on the premise that the difference may be due to essentially unlike methods of treating the diffraction data. In this report we shall analyze X-ray powder photographs following a scheme parallel to that used in the analysis of the electron diffraction data, to check whether this particular explanation is tenable."

From introductory paragraph: "This is the first quarterly report of the Biology Division of the Argonne National Laboratory. During the three-month period covered by this report, a large share of the time of many investigators has been spent in collating work done under the Biology Section of the Metallurgical laboratory for publication in the Plutonium Project Record. The large amount of work done under wartime pressure has made this, as in other divisions and projects, an important part of the transition to the post-war period."

From introduction: "The fact that tetravalent uranium either in the form of solutions of its salts or, in some cases, in the dry state is readily oxidized by gaseous oxygen, has been observed by various investigators. A quantitative study of this reaction appeared to be desirable as a means of learning more about the nature of the ionic species present in uranous solutions. It was also of potential value in determining the importance of autoxidation as an undesirable side reaction involved in the handling of uranous solutions, and, if necessary, in developing procedures for minimizing the reaction."

Abstract: This is basically a counting rate meter, with an alarm circuit, operating from four GM tubes as the detecting elements. The Hand Counter comprises four logarithmic counting rate meters working from four GM tubes mounted individually, with associated electronic circuits, in suitable shields with a metal mesh type of window. Both sides of both hands are sampled simultaneously. In the Foot Counter, two GM tubes are separately and mounted in a suitable mesh window shielded with the electronic circuit; the foot counter uses only two counting rate meters, and both feet are sampled simultaneously. Each circuit is built in two parts; two tubes are in the shield and the balance of the circuit is in the electronic unit which is a standard 17" x 13" chassis. Circuit diagrams are included.

From cover page: This document has been assigned the above MDDC (Manhattan District Declassification) number, as given in the List of Declassified Documents issued semi-monthly by the Research Division, Manhattan District. In the case of Los Alapnos reports, LADC (Los Alamos Declassification) numbers are listed on the title page if known. This declassified document may differ materially from the original classified document by reason of deletions necessary to accomplish declassification. Hence, this copy of a declassified document does not constitute authority for declassification of classified copies of a similar document which may bear the same title and authors. Reference is made to District Circular Letter (Research Control 47-3) dated 31 October 1946, subject: "Instructions for Use of List of Declassified Documents," which outlines the procedure by means of which declassification of classified copies may be effected. Every effort has been made to reproduce with accuracy of detail the declassified document as certified for declassification. No corrections or changes have been made in the content of the document.

This technical report is divided into two sections addressing two different chemical effects of nuclear transformations. The first section discusses the beta decay of lanthanum to cerium. The second section discusses the beta decay of selenium to bromine.

From abstract: "Some investigations have been made to ascertain the similarity of the mechanism of action of radiation which are different in their specific ionization. A suggested approach was to determine if the energies absorbed from the different types of radiation are additive in their lethal effects on biological objects. In an attempt to determine the additivity of ionizing radiation various dose combinations of fast neutrons, gamma rays and beta rays were administered to Drosophila eggs. These test objects were chosen because their dimensions are such that they tend to absorb these three radiations uniformly throughout their volume. Although the three radiations were found to vary in their biological effectiveness, per unit energy absorbed, all three were shown to be completely additive in their lethal effect on these organisms."

From introductory paragraph: "The study of the counting techniques of gamma-emitting radioisotopes is of a great deal of interest to workers in the field of radiochemistry. Of particular interest to the long-lived gamma emitting isotope of yttrium which is commonly prepared by a deuteron bombardment of strontium and is reported to decay by K-capture. This isotope, which is of interest in the fields of biochemistry and metallurgy was tentatively assigned to mass 86. Since a 2.0 hour activity was observed from a neutron irradiation of yttrium, the assignment was considered fixed. Subsequent work indicated a possibility of a long-lived gamma emitting activity arising in the fast neutron irradiation of yttrium. The published data did not agree with theoretical calculations as to the possibility of these two activities being isomers. This work was undertaken to study the characteristics of the radiations from the isotopes; to have data available on the long-lived activity; and, to attempt to fix the mass assignment."

Abstract: In the NaF-UF4 system the following intermediate phases have been found: NaUF5, -Na2UF6, -Na2UF6 and NacUF7. NaLaF4 is the only intermediate phase observed in the system NaF-LaF3. In the course of an incomplete study of the system NaF-ThF4 the phases NaTh2F9, -Na2ThF6, -Na2ThF6 and Na4ThF8 have been observed. Crystal structure data are given for all the phases.

From abstract: "An apparatus for analysis of metal samples for oxygen content is described. Vasuum [sic] fusion in a graphite crucible which is insulated by porous carbon in an all pyrex glass apparatus is used to remove the oxygen as carbon monoxide. Temperatures over 2000°C. are attainable with a 6 K.V.A. Ajax converter for induction heating. Successful operation depended upon a preliminary vacuum heating of the carbon parts at 2100°C. to remove hydrocarbon tars so that cracking of the pyrex glass will not occur due to deposit of tar. An operating temperature of 1750°C. - 1800°C. has been found satisfactory for uranium when using a platinum bath. The platinum bath is the most suitable bath because of its low volatility, its satisfactory carbon solubility, and because of the decrease of 'getting errors' due to volatility of reactive metals. Most metals form stable compounds with platinum and are therefore strongly held by the platinum bath and can not vaporize and thus react with the excaping [sic] CO gas..."

Development of certain liquid and solid fluorocarbon compounds with special properties.

Abstract: Mice of different ages ranging from 1.5 to 12 months have been exposed to gamma rays in an effort to determine the change in radiosensitivity with age. The dose necessary to cause 50% killing was determined for each age group and sex. No change in sensitivity with age was observed with either sex, although the experimental error in the case of the males was quite large. The females were found to be more resistant than the males.

From abstract: "Rats have been fed active strontium which was adsorbed on clay, while their controls were fed the same amount of active strontium in aqueous solution. There was no significant difference in the amount deposited in the skeleton between the two groups, and it is concluded that if ions are adsorbed on inert material, they will be eluted during their passage through the gastrointestinal tract."

From abstract: "In an attempt to gain some insight into the physiological condition of mice surviving massive doses of radiation, a study of their vitality was undertaken. It was assured that the ability of these animals to do forced work would be a measure of their vitality, Stimulating exposed animals to run in exercise wheels to their fullest capacity, has resulted in a demonstration of a striking vitality less during a post-irradiative period, when no other effects are demonstrable by gross examination. Mice subjected to a medium-lethal dose of fast neutrons show a continuous vitality loss over a 300 day period following exposure. Control animals show no appreciable loss of vitality up to about 8 months of age, after which a gradual loss can be noted, probably due to a normal gereologic process."

From introduction: "Due to the hydrogen overvoltage at the surface of a mercury cathode, uranium solutions is hydrochloric acid may be reduced not only to the tetravalent state, but until considerable trivalent uranium is formed. Other metallic ions act as oxidation-reduction catalysts as well as being reduced themselves. The following paper is a study of the various reactions taking place in solution and at the surface of the cathode."

From abstract: "An adaptation of a colorimeter for the rapid estimation of small amounts of uranium to ± 5% by fluorescence of a sodium fluoride bead or fluoride-carbonate melt is described. Solutions containing from 0.1 to 1000 micrograms per milliliter may be tested directly. The limit of visual detection on a 20 mg. bead is about 0.0003 microgram of uranium. A periodic chart of interferences is presented. The strangest interferences center around the latter parts of each transition series of elements."

From abstract: "This is a review, with annotated bibliography, of the mode of occurrence of the elements columbium and tantalum. It is not a list of specific ore deposits, but a summary of the types of minerals and rocks in which these elements have been reported to occur. In addition, the unpublished spectrographic studies of the Geological Survey are summarized, best sources for columbium and tantalum are indicated, and suggestions are made for further investigation."

From abstract: "This is a review, with annotated bibliography, of the mode of occurrence of the element germanium. It is not a list of specific ore deposits, but a summary of the types of minerals and rocks in which germanium has been reported to occur. Best sources for germanium are indicated, based on the data in the literature and on the unpublished spectrographic studies of the Geological Survey on mill and smelter products. Suggestions are made for further investigations."

Abstract" This is a review, with annotated bibliography, of the mode of occurrence of the element indium. It is not a list of specific ore deposits, but a summary of the types of minerals and rocks in which indium has been reported to occur. In addition, the unpublished spectrographic studies of the Geological Survey on mill and smelter products are summarized, best sources of indium are indicated, and suggestions are made for further investigations. Indium has been found to occur most abundantly in sphalerites. The amount ranges from traces to maximum of 1.0 percent. Dark sphalerites are reported richer in indium than light-colored sphalerites. Up to 0.1 percent indium has been reported in chalcopyrite and bornite, but these minerals generally contain very little indium. There is an unverified report of a pegmatite in Utah containing 1.0 to 2.8 percent indium. Some residues in zinc smelting contain more than 1.0 percent indium and are the present source on indium. No better source can be suggested but steps should be taken to ascertain that this source is being fully exploited. Tin sulfide smelter products should be checked. An effort should be made to check the Utah pegmatite occurrence.

From introduction: "The first part deals with stationary detonation waves...the second part is concerned with the structure of detonation waves of finite age...the third part deals with the steady state motion attained by a detonation wave in certain cases of two-dimensional flow."

From abstract: "Benzene shows weak absorption bands in the 3 aliphatic C-Z region of the spectrum. The peaks of these bands are at 3.439, 3.459, 3.504, and 3.545."

From summary: "In previous project work, dilute mixtures of inorganic cations in aqueous solution have been concentrated by adsorption of the cations on a synthetic resin and they have been fractionated by selective desorption of the cations from the resin. In this report..the general procedure used in chemical separation, the equipment used, and the theory of the exchange equilibria and of the reaction rates are presented."

From introduction: "The analysis of mixtures of fission products with a mass spectrograph offers certain advantages. A chemical separation of the fission products found in the solution at Hanford is not necessary with the mass spectrograph technique. A sample of the mixtures can be placed on the sample holder and then the sample holder is mounted in the mass spectrograph. This reduces the amount of handling of the active solutions to one relatively simple and short operation. The health hazards involved in the analysis can be further reduced by increasing the efficiency of the spectrograph as much as possible, thus making possible an analysis of a sample of lower total activity. The mass spectrograph described here is an attempt to realize the advantages pointed out above. Particular attention has been given to increasing the increasing the efficiency of the instrument."

This report describes observations of a sample of Carbon-14, or radiocarbon, made using the method of mass spectrometry.