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Oral History Interview with Bennie Sherman, June 12, 2015
Interview with Bennie Sherman from Fort Worth, Texas. In the interview, Sherman discusses his early life, living under Jim Crow segregation, education in Fort Worth schools, and the Civil Rights Movement in Fort Worth.
Date:
June 12, 2015
Creator:
Sherman, Bennie & Moye, Todd
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bernest Mitchell, July 27, 2016
Mr. Mitchell was born and raised in Stamps, Arkansas. Mitchell traveled to the Cleveland area after the saw mill in Arkansas was shut down. Mr. Mitchell received his barber's license and started his own barbershop in the 1960s. Mr. Mitchell worked in other industries while sustaining his barber shop. Mr. Mitchell and other members of the Cleveland Black community organized in efforts to integrate Cleveland. They attended several government meetings and negotiated with officials. Mr. Mitchell once showed up at a meeting of the local white citizen council and received death threats after revealing his opinion about the council's proposal of halting integration by providing more funding for the Cleveland Black school. Following the meeting, Mitchell received a death threat by a local pastor. Mitchell ultimately served for decades on the Cleveland school board after being elected in the 1960s.
Date:
July 27, 2016
Creator:
Howard, Jasmin & Mitchell, Bernest
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bertha and Alfred Miranda, July 1, 2016
Ms. Miranda was born in Grand Prairie but spent the majority of her childhood in the Rio Grande Valley, where she experienced segregation and poor schooling. Determined to be a teacher, she eventually obtained her degree in education and began working as a special education teacher in Lufkin, the first Mexican-American teacher at LISD. Her husband was born and raised in Diboll, where he worked for Temple Industries. In their interview, Ms. Miranda describes the discrimination she faced in the Valley, her path to becoming a teacher, and her education career. Mr. Miranda describes life in Diboll and working for Temple.
Date:
July 1, 2016
Creator:
Howard, Jasmin; Miranda, Bertha & Miranda, Alfred
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bertha Linton on July 25, 2016
Berta Perez Linton was born in 1942 or 1943 in Brady, Texas. She attended schools in Melvin, Texas until 7th grade while her family lived in a ranch. Linton’s family then moved to San Angelo, Texas where she graduated from Central High School in 1961. Linton attended Angelo College for one year and a half before transferring to the University of Texas at Austin. Linton graduated from the University of Texas at Austin with a major in elementary education in 1967. She taught bilingual education in Austin Schools before attending Texas Southern University’s Welcome to Thurgood Marshall School of Law, graduating in 1977. Linton then moved to San Angelo where she was the counsel for the local LULAC council. She still practices law in San Angelo.
Date:
July 25, 2016
Creator:
Wisely, Karen; Zapata, Joel & Linton, Bertha
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bessie and Lawrence Hicks, July 14, 2015
Interview with Lawrence and Bessie Hicks of Bryan, Texas. In their interview, the Hicks describe their experiences with racial discrimination and civil rights activism.
Date:
July 14, 2015
Creator:
Hicks, Lawrence; Lawrence, Bessie & Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Betell Benham, June 27, 2016
Ms. Benham was born and raised in Lufkin, Texas. She went to segregated schools in Lufkin before participating in integration during the 1969-1970 school year. She graduated high school and went to college at the University of North Texas. She then became a flight attendant and worked in retail. She returned to Lufkin and worked with her mother, Bettie Kennedy, in the community. In the interview, Ms. Benham describes segregation in Lufkin, experiences with discrimination, problems during integration, discrimination she experienced at UNT, her work as a flight attendant, her time spent in retail, and the work of both her and her mother in the community.
Date:
June 27, 2016
Creator:
Benham, Betell; Howard, Jasmin & May, Meredith
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Betty Joyce Bivens, June 13, 2015
Interview with Betty Joyce Bivens, a retired educator from Fort Worth, Texas. In her interview, she describes her childhood experiences, growing up during the Jim Crow period, her education, her work at General Dynamics and in the public school system, community engagement, church leadership, and voter registration,
Date:
June 13, 2015
Creator:
Bivens, Betty Joyce & Robles, David
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bettye Mitchell, July 1, 2015
Interview with Bettye Mitchell a community leader from Tyler, Texas. In the interview, Mitchell discusses her family background, going to segregated and integrated schools, experiences with racism, civil rights activism, her church community, and her political activism.
Date:
July 1, 2015
Creator:
Mitchell, Bettye & Bynum, Katherine
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Beverly Hatcher, June 13, 2016
Ms. Hatcher discussed migration from other states, the racism encountered in the 1970-80s, and her role as leader in the minority business community.
Date:
June 13, 2016
Creator:
Grevious, Danielle & Hatcher, Beverly
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Billie Caviel, June 30, 2016
Billie Caviel was raised in East Texas, attending all African American Schools. She attended university and pharmacy school at Texas Southern University in Houston. Once graduating, Caviel and her husband, who was also a pharmacist, moved to Lubbock, Texas to work for a Jewish pharmacist because no one else would give them jobs in the state because they were African American. Caviel and her husband later founded their own pharmacy, which they kept open for forty-nine years. Caviel also served as a Lubbock ISD school board member for a number of years during the early 1990s.
Date:
June 30, 2016
Creator:
Caviel, Billie & Wisely, Karen
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Billy and Filomena Leo, July 3, 2015
Interview with Billy and Filomena Leo. Billy Leo is the former mayor of La Joya, Texas. Filomena Leo was an educator for over 30 years and retired as the Superintendent of Schools for La Joya ISD. Mr. and Mrs. Leo discuss their experiences with politics and community leadership in South Texas. Mr. Leo discusses his father, Leo J. Leo's political career.
Date:
July 3, 2015
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Robles, David; Leo, Billy & Leo, Filomena
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Billy Sayles, July 15, 2016
Mr. Sayles discussed his career as a longshoreman and growing up in segregated Corpus Christi.
Date:
July 15, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Wall, James & Sayles, Billy
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bobby Caldwell, June 29, 2016
Bobby Caldwell was born in Dallas in 1934. He grew up in different areas of Dallas, and faced barriers with discrimination and health issues as he had polio at age 3. He moved to Houston to attend Texas Southern University, and in 1957, he earned his law degree. He began practicing law in the 1960s, and quickly became involved in defending student activists, beginning with SNCC. Mr. Caldwell also became involved in pressing HISD to include African American studies in their curriculum, a movement led by the NAACP. In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, he began defending more militant activists including the members of the Peoples Party II, the TSU Five, and other student movements across the country. In 2014, Caldwell received a Lifetime Award from the Black Panthers for his commitment to defend Houston's African American community.
Date:
June 29, 2016
Creator:
Caldwell, Bobby; Enriquez, Sandra & Rodriguez, Samantha
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bobby Galvan, June 30, 2016
Mr. Galvan shares his personal history as a musician and store owner in Corpus Christi.
Date:
June 30, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés & Galvan, Bobby
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bobby Hollis, June 7, 2016
Hollis discussed the history of labor unions in the Golden Triangle, the challenges of growing up working-class, and the ongoing problems facing organized labor.
Date:
June 7, 2016
Creator:
Krochmal, Max; Bobadilla, Eladio & Hollis, Bobby
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bobby Smith, July 13, 2016
Bobby Smith grew up in Corpus Christi. During his high school senior year, he received numerous offers to play college football, but only a few colleges in Texas accepted black players at that time. He chose to attend North Texas State (now UNT) and later played in the NFL for the Buffalo Bills and the Pittsburgh Steelers in the 1960s
Date:
July 13, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Wall, James & Smith, Bobby
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Brad Pollard, Brad Pierce, David McClain, and Tom Etoile, June 29, 2016
Mr. Pollard was born and raised in Central Heights, Texas. A relatively young man, he had an easy transition coming out as a gay man. In his parts of the interview, he describes the, discrimination he heard about, what made his time easier in comparison to others, and the changes he has witnessed in the area. Mr. Pierce was born and raised in Wells, Texas. He came out to his family when he was sixteen in the 1980s. He then began a career as a hairdresser in Tyler prior to moving to Alabama and then back to the Nacogdoches area. Mr. Pierce, while he did not experience overt discrimination himself, described the treatment of people he knew in the area. Mr. McClain was raised in Houston, Texas. He served in the military prior to moving to be near family in Nacogdoches in the 1960s, where he worked at a radio station. Mr. McClain, a white, straight man, described his experiences witnessing racism and discrimination against gay men.
Date:
June 29, 2016
Creator:
Howard, Jasmin; May, Meredith; Pollard, Brad; Pierce, David & McClain, Tom
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Brenda Spivey on June 27, 2016.
Discussed her mother's work as a domestic, the family's encounters with racism, her entrepreneurship, and her work on civil rights and black women's empowerment.
Date:
June 27, 2016
Creator:
Grevious, Danielle; Bobadilla, Eladio & Spivey, Brenda
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bryan Parras.
Bryan Parras was born in 1977 in the East End, a Mexican-American enclave in Houston, TX. His parents, Jesusa Moreno and Juan Parras, played influential roles in his political consciousness. He talks about discrimination and how he has became involved in Nuestra Palabra: Latino Writers Having Their Say as well as the immigrant rights movement. Parras also discusses how the creation of Cesar E. Chavez High School right near the oil refineries in Houston sparked his involvement in the environmental justice movement. He provides an in-depth discussion of how the environmental justice movement has taken him all over the world, particularly in Canada and South American, and how through his organization, Texas Environmental Justice Advocacy Services, he has forged relations with indigenous communities as well as African-American communities.
Date:
June 24, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Parras, Bryan
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Butch Escobedo, June 15, 2016
Butch Escobedo recounted role in the Alonzo I & II decision & political reform in Corpus Christi.
Date:
June 15, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Wall, James & Escobedo, Butch
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Calvin Vinson, July 26, 2016
Mr. Vinson was born in Montgomery, Texas and raised in Conroe. He attended Booker T. Washington school and Conroe High, participating in football at both schools. After graduation, he went to work in Houston for a utility company. He returned to Conroe and became very active in political campaigns and community organizations. In his interview, Mr. Vinson described segregation in Conroe, a march in 1968, integration of schools, experiences playing football, discrimination at work, political activism in the African-American community, African-American community organizations, and how Conroe has changed over time.
Date:
July 26, 2016
Creator:
May, Meredith & Vinson, Calvin
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carl and Gloria White, July 7, 2016
Mr. Carl White was born in Conroe and Mrs. Gloria White was born in Willis, Texas in 1957 respectively. After attending segregated schools, both Whites ultimately graduated from desegregated schools. Both Whites experienced workplace discrimination in their careers in a local factory and at the postal office. Mr. White also served as a reserve police officer in Conroe while his father served as one of the first Black police officers in Conroe. Mr. White described being targeted by police in Conroe and other issues with the local criminal justice system. Both Whites were also involved in the efforts to free Clarence Brandley which included marches and other demonstrations. Also, the Whites discussed issues with discrimination in the school system.
Date:
July 7, 2016
Creator:
May, Meredith; Howard, Jasmin; White, Carl & White, Gloria
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carl Walker, July 6, 2016
Mr. Walker discussed growing up in Corpus Christi during the Jim Crow era and desegregation and his career as a minister.
Date:
July 6, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Wall, James & Walker, Carl
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carlos Calbillo, June 24, 2016
Carlos Calbillo was born in Magnolia in 1949 and grew up in Pasadena. He began his activism at San Jacinto Community College when he was kicked out for not shaving his beard. In his early college years, he is a part of SDS and the Worker's World Union. Mr. Calbillo became involved with PASSO after meeting Leonel Castillo at an MLK Solidarity March in the Third Ward in 1968. Soon, he is leading voter registration drives in Pasadena, working at the Chicano Training Center, and for VISTA. In the 70s, Mr. Calbillo gravitates to the more millitant Chicano Movement where he becomes involved in writing Papel Chicano and protesting HISD integration policies. He also joins the movement in other areas of the country including California and Colorado. In the latter half of the 70s, Mr. Calbillo began working at a TV station, prompting him to begin a show called "Reflejos del Barrio" and create local documentaries including one about Joe Campos Torres.
Date:
June 24, 2016
Creator:
Calbillo, Carlos; Enriquez, Sandra & Rodriguez, Samantha
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History