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Oral History Interview with James Grumman, July 18, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with James Grumman. Grumman joined the Army Air Corps in 1940 and earned his wings and commission in March, 1942. On one of his first assignments, he met General Patton in California. He went overseas to England in 1944 and was assigned to the 401st Bomb Group, 614th Bomb Squadron where he flew combat mission from May to September. Grumman flew 30 missions over France and Germany before coming home in November 1944. Upon his return and after some leave, Grumman served as an instrument-flying instructor. Grumman stayed in the reserves after the war, retiring as a lieutenant colonel.
Date:
July 18, 2000
Creator:
Grumman, James
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Henry Hauschild, October 18, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Henry Hauschild. Hauschild joined the Army in January 1942 and received basic training at Fort Ringgold. He received chemical warfare training in Maryland. Upon completion, he became an instructor on how to survive phosgene and tear gas attacks. At Mitchel Field he trained P-47 pilots in creating smoke screens. While in Delaware as a chief chemical warfare officer, he was ordered to administer a surprise tear gas attack on the barracks at dawn. He was against the idea, because of the likelihood of chaos and potential injuries. He reluctantly followed orders, and fortunately no one was injured.
Date:
October 18, 2000
Creator:
Hauschild, Henry
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Raymond Heller, March 6, 2001
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Raymond Heller. Heller joined the Army in September 1944 and received basic training at Camp Hood. Upon completion, he was assigned to the 40th Infantry Division as a rifleman. In March 1945 he travelled to Leyte and was camped beside survivors of the Bataan Death March. He made patrols along various islands, to protect villagers from Japanese raids. While in the Philippines, he bought fresh fruits from natives. He recalls that although his unit prepared for a full-scale landing on Mindanao, it was unopposed, save for a lone Japanese soldier who charged with a sword. At Panay, Heller was treated by a medic for jungle rot. He then survived a typhoon on the way to Inchon. On V-J Day he saw USS Missouri (BB-63) break away from his convoy to celebrate by firing ammunition. Heller patrolled the 38th parallel, opposite the Russians. Heller returned home and was discharged in October 1946.
Date:
March 6, 2001
Creator:
Heller, Raymond
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Sedgie Hinson, December 1, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Sedgie Hinson. Hinson graduated from Mississippi State University in 1940, with a degree in Electrical Engineering. He joined the Army in July of 1940. He was assigned to an anti-aircraft unit. In early 1941, he deployed to the Philippines, and was assigned to a 16-inch mortar unit on Corregidor. After the Japanese invaded the Philippines, Hinson participated in defending Corregidor, surrendering to the Japanese in May of 1942. He was captured and held a prisoner of war at Bilibid Prison and Niigata Prison, until liberated in early 1945. He returned to the US, and discharged in 1946.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Hinson, Sedgie
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Robert Hobbs, June 21, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Robert Hobbs. Hobbs joined the Army in the spring of 1943. He served with the 35th Infantry Division, and deployed to England in May of 1944. His job was to drive a machine gun Jeep. Hobbs participated in the invasion of Normandy, the Battle of Saint-Lô and the Battle of the Bulge. He returned to the US and was discharged in August of 1945.
Date:
June 21, 2000
Creator:
Hobbs, Robert
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Maurice Horine, January 8, 2001
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Maurice Horine. Horine joined the Navy in August of 1942. He completed Yeoman schooling. He served as Yeoman Second-Class with a Carrier Aircraft Service Unit in Seattle through April of 1944. In January of 1945, Horine was assigned to the USS General M. L. Hersey (AP-148). They transported troops to the Philippines and the Mariana Islands during the final amphibious offensive against Japan. After the war, he returned to the US and was discharged in October of 1945.
Date:
January 8, 2001
Creator:
Horine, Maurice
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Edward Hyak, April 17, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Edward Hyak. Hyak joined the Army Air Corps in August 1940 and received clerical training at Fort Logan. He received glider pilot training in Roswell. Upon completion, he was assigned to the 477th Bomb Group, where he served as a technical clerk assisting the first sergeant. In November 1942 he went to England, where he kept maintenance records and ran troubleshooting for the bomb group as an engineer clerk specialist. He recalls one plane, nicknamed Fuddy Duddy, which flew 90 missions before finally being decommissioned. On D-Day he witnessed thousands of American planes overhead, which came as a total surprise to him. While in England he met his brother and cousin at the Imperial Hotel. Hyak returned home in July 1945 and was discharged. He joined the inactive reserves and was called to Nevada to participate in nuclear bomb experiments in 1950. He recalls being knocked down by the blast from his post in a trench. He attributes numerous lifelong ailments and disabilities to his exposure to radioactivity, including blindness. Hyak was discharged a second time in September 1952.
Date:
April 17, 2000
Creator:
Hyak, Edward
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Sidney Key, June 6, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Sidney Key. Key joined the Marine Corps in July of 1942. He completed Officer Candidate School and LVT School. Key was assigned to the 2nd Marine Division, 2nd Amphibious Tractor Battalion. In May of 1943, he deployed and participated in in the assaults on Tarawa, Saipan and Tinian. He operated the landing vehicles and provided combat support in operations ashore. Key was discharged in late 1945.
Date:
June 6, 2000
Creator:
Key, Sidney
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charles Kidder, June 8, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Charles Kidder. Kidder joined the Army Air Forces in March 1943 and received basic training on a golf course in Miami Beach while staying at a hotel. Upon completion, he was assigned to LaGuardia Field, where he was a quartermaster supply clerk. While there he lived at the Greystone and Alamac hotels, the Garden Bay Manor apartment complex, and a mansion at One Park Avenue. The post was very relaxed, and roll call was rarely taken. As a member of the military, he enjoyed ballgames and entertainment for free. In September 1944, he requested to be given a more active role in the war. He was then given intensive training as an engine mechanic for DC-3s, C-54s (Skymaster), and C-47s (Skytrain, a.k.a. “Gooney Bird”). In April 1945 he was sent to the Pacific and served in Saipan and Guam as an assistant crew chief. Kidder returned home and was discharged in March 1946. He qualified for disability due to hearing loss after being around airplanes without any hearing protection. He went to the University of Texas on the GI Bill and majored in journalism.
Date:
June 8, 2000
Creator:
Kidder, Charles
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Leonard Kovar, October 20, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Leonard Kovar. Kovar joined the Marine Corps in October 1942 and received basic training in San Diego. Upon completion he was assigned to guard the Santa Ana Naval Lighter-Than-Air Station. He was then sent to New Caledonia, and he enjoyed his time in Nouméa. In New Guinea he joined L Company, 7th Marine Regiment, where he served as a bazooka-loader. His first landing was at Cape Gloucester, where he lived in a wet foxhole and defended himself against banzai-style attacks. Twice he received encouragement from Chesty Puller. His next landing was at Peleliu, where his amphibious tractor was one of the only ones to make it past the coral. He was wounded by machine gun fire on the final day of the Battle of Peleliu and received a blood transfusion in the field before being transferred to a first aid station. He was carried by the USS Solace (AH-5) to a hospital at the Admiralty Islands and then flown to a hospital at Guadalcanal. Kovar made a full recovery and was discharged in September 1945. He recalls a tremendous celebration on V-J Day.
Date:
October 20, 2000
Creator:
Kovar, Leonard
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Raymond Kurner, July 19, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Raymond Kurner. Kurner joined the Army Air Forces in September of 1942. He served as a B-24 copilot with the 15th Air Force, 47th Bomb Wing, 98th Bomb Group. He deployed in December of 1943 to Casablanca. In January of 1944, they transferred to the 47th Bomb Wing headquarters in Manduria, Italy. Kurner participated in the Italian Campaign, flying 41 bombing missions over Italy, Germany, Romania and Hungary.
Date:
July 19, 2000
Creator:
Kurner, Raymond
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Orby Ledbetter, June 9, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Orby Ledbetter. Ledbetter joined the Texas Army National Guard in 1937 as a soldier in the Texas 36th Infantry Division, 142nd Infantry Regiment. He provides details of serving in the Texas Guard and remaining with the 36th ID throughout the war. He describes his experiences completing basic training through numerous camps and traveling overseas aboard the SS Argentina. Beginning in April of 1943 Orby served in the North African Campaign and also landed at Salerno, Italy. He was captured by the German Army in September of 1943 and remained a prisoner of war at Stalag VII-A in Moosburg, Germany until April of 1945. Ledbetter provides vivid details of these experiences. He was discharged in September of 1945.
Date:
June 9, 2000
Creator:
Ledbetter, Orby
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Harold Leon, July 7, 2010
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Harold Leon. Leon graduated from the Army Air Forces Cadet School at Kelly Field in San Antonio in April of 1942. He was assigned to the 12th Bomb Group, 83rd bomb Squadron, a B-25 outfit at Esler Field in Louisiana. He worked as the squadron navigator. In July of 1942 he traveled to Moascar in Egypt to a base the British had established. He completed 55 missions and his group helped stop the advance of German General Erwin Rommel. Leon provides details of their combative interactions with the Germans and their travels through Africa and Italy in 1943. Leon also served in the Korean War and describes navigation training. He was discharged around 1952.
Date:
July 7, 2010
Creator:
Leon, Harold
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Benjamin Molina, August 8, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Benjamin Molina. Molina joined the Army in 1937 and received basic training at Fort Sam Houston. He was assigned to a machinegun company in the 23rd Infantry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Division. He was discharged in February 1940 and volunteered again in February 1942. He joined the Army Air Forces and became a guard and small arms instructor at Foster Field with the 934th Guard Squadron. He left the base in 1945 as a tech sergeant and headed to Kunming, China. There he served as a provost sergeant, inspecting and approving souvenirs to be brought home with the troops. He witnessed a great deal of fighting between the Chinese during his time there. Molina returned home and was discharged in March 1946.
Date:
August 8, 2000
Creator:
Molina, Benjamin
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Joe Matlock, September 19, 2002
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Joe Matlock. Matlock joined the Army Air Forces on 8 December 1941. He received his wings in 1943, and served as a pilot with the 434th Troop Carrier Group, 71st Squadron. From 1944 through 1945, they flew combat paratroopers on airborne assaults on Normandy, southern France, the Netherlands and Germany. They additionally flew resupply missions in the relief of Bastogne and evacuated the wounded. Matlock returned to the US and was discharged in October of 1945.
Date:
September 19, 2002
Creator:
Matlock, Joe
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Lester Meis, January 12, 2001
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Lester Meis. Meis joined the Navy in January 1943 and received basic training in San Diego. He then received hospital corpsman training and was transferred to the Medical Field Service School at Camp Pendleton. Upon completion, he was assigned to a field sanitation unit attached to the 4th Medical Battalion, 4th Marine Division. At their base in Maui he surveyed latrines, dental clinics, and food preparation areas. He participated in D-Day at Saipan, unsure of what role to perform in combat. In Garapan he was commandeered by the Marines to help open a vault at Yokohama Specie Bank; afterward, soldiers were lighting cigars with 100-yen notes. Meis was sent to Aiea Heights after developing bronchitis and was mistakenly diagnosed with asthma. He was given a medical discharge in December 1944, which extended his benefits under the GI Bill. Meis earned three college degrees before the misdiagnosis was caught.
Date:
January 12, 2001
Creator:
Meis, Lester
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Lyman Mereness, February 23, 2001
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Lyman Mereness. Mereness joined the Navy in May of 1942. He received his wings in March of 1943. He served with the 8th Bomb Squadron. Beginning August of 1943, they served as the air group aboard the USS Intrepid (CV-11). Mereness supported the invasion of Hollandia and the Philippines Campaign, completing 39 combat missions. He was discharged in September of 1945.
Date:
February 23, 2001
Creator:
Mereness, Lyman
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Warren Newberry, August 3, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Warren Newberry. Newberry joined the Army Air Forces in December 1942 and received basic training at Camp Wolters. Upon completion of his training, he was shipped to England, where he served in the 26th Mobile Reclamation and Repair Squadron under the 8th Air Force. His team assembled hundreds of Waco CG-4A combat gliders per day in preparation for D-Day. His unit also was noted for constructing housing with empty glider crates. Watching the glider pilots in training, Newberry recalls brilliant flying by stunt pilot Mike Murphy. On June 6th he saw thousands of planes pass overhead on their way to Normandy, wing-to-wing. In July 1944 he was sent to France to assemble Piper L-4s. He arrived at Omaha Beach at D-Day plus 99 and was upset when he came upon 44,000 freshly dug graves with white crosses. He notes that otherwise the beach was in pristine condition. Newberry returned home and was discharged as a Staff Sergeant in November 1945.
Date:
August 3, 2000
Creator:
Newberry, Warren
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Isidore Ozuna, October 24, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Isidore Ozuna. Ozuna joined the Navy in July of 1943. He served with the deck force aboard the USS Colorado (BB-45). His battle station was with the gun crews. He participated in the pre-invasion shelling and fire support of Tarawa, Kwajalein, Saipan, Guam, Tinian, Leyte, Lingayen Gulf and Okinawa. He returned to the US after the war ended and received his discharge in December of 1945.
Date:
October 24, 2000
Creator:
Ozuna, Isidore
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charles Mellon, August 22, 2003
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Charles Mellon. Mellon joined the Army in March of 1944. He was assigned to the 314th Infantry Regiment, 79th Infantry Division, and participated in active duty through France and into the Siegfried Line in December. They continued their combat duty into Germany, and served on occupation duty after the war ended. Mellon returned to the US and was discharged in October of 1945.
Date:
August 22, 2003
Creator:
Mellon, Charles
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Harry Miller, June 23, 2003
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents and oral interview with Harry Miller. Born 11 September 1922 in Winamac, Indiana, Miller graduated from high school in 1940. Called into the Army in 1943, he took basic training at Fort Hamilton, New York. After fifteen weeks of basic he was assigned to the 13th Major Port Battalion. He was stationed at Perth Amboy, New Jersey and worked long hours loading ammunition and other supplies for overseas shipment. He then went aboard a troop ship and landed at Plymouth, England. There, he was involved in unloading military supplies. Sometime after June 1944, he was pulled from the port battalion and assigned as a replacement with the 29th Infantry Division, 115th Infantry Regiment. He recalls of being in combat at Brest, France and the drive to the Elbe River. Miller also recalls his regiment being confronted by 10,000 Germans surrendering to the Americans to avoid capture by the Russian Army. After Germany surrendered, he was sent to Bremen, as a company clerk. In 1946, he returned to the United States and was discharged.
Date:
June 23, 2003
Creator:
Miller, Harry
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Reid Misenheimer, September 6, 2003
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Reid Misenheimer. Misenheimer was born in Augusta, Arkansas 8 May 1922 and attended North Georgia College for two years before entering the Army in 1945. He took basic training at Smyrna Army Airfield, Tennessee, and was placed into a guard squadron after completing training. He recalls being transferred into the Army Specialized Training Program and being sent to the Citadel where he received training in basic engineering. The program was terminated and he was transferred into the infantry and sent to Fort Bragg, Kentucky for infantry basic. At the end of infantry training, he was transferred into the artillery and once again took basic training. Upon completion, he was sent to a 155mm Long Tom artillery unit at Brownsville, Texas and was assigned as a mechanic in the headquarters battalion. In January 1945 he went aboard a troop transport bound for La Havre, France. He relates various experiences in France. He returned to the United States in 1946 and received his discharge at Fort Bragg.
Date:
September 6, 2003
Creator:
Misenheimer, Reid
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Henry Mooi, August 6, 2003
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Henry Mooi. Mooi joined the Navy in January of 1945. He served aboard USS Cabot (CVL-28). He served on fire watch duty. Mooi remained aboard the Cabot through the end of the war, and they provided air cover during the Japanese surrender on USS Missouri (BB-63).
Date:
August 6, 2003
Creator:
Mooi, Henry
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Rudolph Schultz, August 12, 2003
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Rudolph Schultz. Schultz was drafted into the Army Air Forces in March, 1943. He received radar training in Florida and then served with the 13th Air Force. He installed a radar station at Noumea and trained men on its use. He also trained more men at Guadalcanal and the Admiralty Islands. Schultz was at Leyte when the war ended and soon went to Japan.
Date:
August 12, 2003
Creator:
Schultz, Rudolph H.
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History