States

Development of Novel Sorbents for Uranium Extraction from Seawater (open access)

Development of Novel Sorbents for Uranium Extraction from Seawater

As the uranium resource in terrestrial ores is limited, it is difficult to ensure a long-term sustainable nuclear energy technology. The oceans contain approximately 4.5 billion tons of uranium, which is one thousand times the amount of uranium in terrestrial ores. Development of technologies to recover the uranium from seawater would greatly improve the uranium resource availability, sustaining the fuel supply for nuclear energy. Several methods have been previously evaluated including solvent extraction, ion exchange, flotation, biomass collection, and adsorption; however, none have been found to be suitable for reasons such as cost effectiveness, long term stability, and selectivity. Recent research has focused on the amidoxime functional group as a promising candidate for uranium sorption. Polymer beads and fibers have been functionalized with amidoxime functional groups, and uranium adsorption capacities as high as 1.5 g U/kg adsorbent have recently been reported with these types of materials. As uranium concentration in seawater is only ~3 ppb, great improvements to uranium collection systems must be made in order to make uranium extraction from seawater economically feasible. This proposed research intends to develop transformative technologies for economic uranium extraction from seawater. The Lin group will design advanced porous supports by taking advantage of …
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Lin, Wenbin & Taylor-Pashow, Kathryn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Estimating Residual Solids Volume In Underground Storage Tanks (open access)

Estimating Residual Solids Volume In Underground Storage Tanks

The Savannah River Site liquid waste system consists of multiple facilities to safely receive and store legacy radioactive waste, treat, and permanently dispose waste. The large underground storage tanks and associated equipment, known as the 'tank farms', include a complex interconnected transfer system which includes underground transfer pipelines and ancillary equipment to direct the flow of waste. The waste in the tanks is present in three forms: supernatant, sludge, and salt. The supernatant is a multi-component aqueous mixture, while sludge is a gel-like substance which consists of insoluble solids and entrapped supernatant. The waste from these tanks is retrieved and treated as sludge or salt. The high level (radioactive) fraction of the waste is vitrified into a glass waste form, while the low-level waste is immobilized in a cementitious grout waste form called saltstone. Once the waste is retrieved and processed, the tanks are closed via removing the bulk of the waste, chemical cleaning, heel removal, stabilizing remaining residuals with tailored grout formulations and severing/sealing external penetrations. The comprehensive liquid waste disposition system, currently managed by Savannah River Remediation, consists of 1) safe storage and retrieval of the waste as it is prepared for permanent disposition; (2) definition of the …
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Clark, Jason L.; Worthy, S. Jason; Martin, Bruce A. & Tihey, John R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation Of Sludge Heel Dissolution Efficiency With Oxalic Acid Cleaning At Savannah River Site (open access)

Evaluation Of Sludge Heel Dissolution Efficiency With Oxalic Acid Cleaning At Savannah River Site

The chemical cleaning process baseline strategy at the Savannah River Site was revised to improve efficiency during future execution of the process based on lessons learned during previous bulk oxalic acid cleaning activities and to account for operational constraints imposed by safety basis requirements. These improvements were also intended to transcend the difficulties that arise from waste removal in higher rheological yield stress sludge tanks. Tank 12 implemented this improved strategy and the bulk oxalic acid cleaning efforts concluded in July 2013. The Tank 12 radiological removal results were similar to previous bulk oxalic acid cleaning campaigns despite the fact that Tank 12 contained higher rheological yield stress sludge that would make removal more difficult than the sludge treated in previous cleaning campaigns. No appreciable oxalate precipitation occurred during the cleaning process in Tank 12 compared to previous campaigns, which aided in the net volume reduction of 75-80%. Overall, the controls established for Tank 12 provide a template for an improved cleaning process.
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Sudduth, Christie; Vitali, Jason & Keefer, Mark
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evapotranspiration And Geochemical Controls On Groundwater Plumes At Arid Sites: Toward Innovative Alternate End-States For Uranium Processing And Tailings Facilities (open access)

Evapotranspiration And Geochemical Controls On Groundwater Plumes At Arid Sites: Toward Innovative Alternate End-States For Uranium Processing And Tailings Facilities

Management of legacy tailings/waste and groundwater contamination are ongoing at the former uranium milling site in Tuba City AZ. The tailings have been consolidated and effectively isolated using an engineered cover system. For the existing groundwater plume, a system of recovery wells extracts contaminated groundwater for treatment using an advanced distillation process. The ten years of pump and treat (P&T) operations have had minimal impact on the contaminant plume – primarily due to geochemical and hydrological limits. A flow net analysis demonstrates that groundwater contamination beneath the former processing site flows in the uppermost portion of the aquifer and exits the groundwater as the plume transits into and beneath a lower terrace in the landscape. The evaluation indicates that contaminated water will not reach Moenkopi Wash, a locally important stream. Instead, shallow groundwater in arid settings such as Tuba City is transferred into the vadose zone and atmosphere via evaporation, transpiration and diffuse seepage. The dissolved constituents are projected to precipitate and accumulate as minerals such as calcite and gypsum in the deep vadose zone (near the capillary fringe), around the roots of phreatophyte plants, and near seeps. The natural hydrologic and geochemical controls common in arid environments such as …
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Looney, Brian B.; Denham, Miles E.; Eddy-Dilek, Carol A.; Millings, Margaret R. & Kautsky, Mark
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hanford Single-Shell Tank Leak Causes and Locations - 241-SX Farm (open access)

Hanford Single-Shell Tank Leak Causes and Locations - 241-SX Farm

This document identifies 241-SX Tank Farm (SX Farm) leak causes and locations for the 100 series leaking tanks (241-SX-107, 241-SX-108, 241-SX-109, 241-SX-111, 241-SX-112, 241-SX-113, 241-SX-114, and 241-SX-115) identified in RPP-ENV-39658, Rev. 0, Hanford SX-Farm Leak Assessments Report. This document satisfies the SX Farm portion of the target (T04) in the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order milestone M-045-91F.
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Girardot, Crystal L. & Harlow, Donald G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Innovative Strategy For Long Term Monitoring Of Metal And Radionuclide Plumes (open access)

Innovative Strategy For Long Term Monitoring Of Metal And Radionuclide Plumes

Many government and private industry sites that were once contaminated with radioactive and chemical wastes cannot be cleaned up enough to permit unrestricted human access. The sites will require long term management, in some cases indefinitely, leaving site owners with the challenge of protecting human health and environmental quality at these "legacy" sites. Long-term monitoring of groundwater contamination is one of the largest projected costs in the life cycle of environmental management at the Savannah River Site, the larger DOE complex, and many large federal and private sites. There is a need to optimize the performance and manage the cost of long term surveillance and monitoring at their sites. Currently, SRNL is initiating a pilot field test using alternative protocols for long term monitoring of metals and radionuclides. A key component of the approach is that monitoring efforts are focused on measurement of low cost metrics related to hydrologic and chemical conditions that control contaminant migration. The strategy combines careful monitoring of hydrologic boundary conditions with measurement of master variables such as chemical surrogates along with a smaller number of standard well analyses. In plumes contaminated with metals, master variables control the chemistry of the groundwater system, and include redox …
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Eddy-Dilek, Carol; Millings, Margaret R.; Looney, Brian B. & Denham, Miles E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Integrated Genome-Based Studies of Shewanella Ecophysiology (open access)

Integrated Genome-Based Studies of Shewanella Ecophysiology

The aim of the work reported is to study Shewanella population genomics, and to understand the evolution, ecophysiology, and speciation of Shewanella. The tasks supporting this aim are: to study genetic and ecophysiological bases defining the core and diversification of Shewanella species; to determine gene content patterns along redox gradients; and to Investigate the evolutionary processes, patterns and mechanisms of Shewanella.
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Tiedje, James M.; Konstantinidis, Kostas & Worden, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
pF3D Proposals (open access)

pF3D Proposals

None
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Langer, S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ultra-High Intensity Magnetic Field Generation in Dense Plasma (open access)

Ultra-High Intensity Magnetic Field Generation in Dense Plasma

I. Grant Objective The main objective of this grant proposal was to explore the efficient generation of intense currents. Whereasthefficient generation of electric current in low-­‐energy-­‐ density plasma has occupied the attention of the magnetic fusion community for several decades, scant attention has been paid to carrying over to high-­‐energy-­‐ density plasma the ideas for steady-­‐state current drive developed for low-­‐energy-­‐ density plasma, or, for that matter, to inventing new methodologies for generating electric current in high-­‐energy-­‐density plasma. What we proposed to do was to identify new mechanisms to accomplish current generation, and to assess the operation, physics, and engineering basis of new forms of current drive in regimes appropriate for new fusion concepts.
Date: January 8, 2014
Creator: Fisch, Nathaniel J
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers as a Time-of-Flight System for the PHENIX Experiment (open access)

Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers as a Time-of-Flight System for the PHENIX Experiment

In this project a Time-of-Flight detector based on multi-gap resistive plate chambers was built and installed for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC.
Date: December 8, 2013
Creator: Velkovska, Julia
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A 4 GSa/s Instability Feedback Processing System for Intra-Bunch Instabilities (open access)

A 4 GSa/s Instability Feedback Processing System for Intra-Bunch Instabilities

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Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Dusatko, J.; Cesaratto, J. M.; Fox, J. D.; Pollock, K.; Rivetta, C. H.; Turgut, O. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conditional Dependence in Microbial Forensic Assays - A Primer (open access)

Conditional Dependence in Microbial Forensic Assays - A Primer

None
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Velsko, S. P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Description of the Process Model for the Technoeconomic Evaluation of MEA versus Mixed Amines for Carbon Dioxide Removal from Stack Gas (open access)

Description of the Process Model for the Technoeconomic Evaluation of MEA versus Mixed Amines for Carbon Dioxide Removal from Stack Gas

None
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Jones, D. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Global, Multi-Resolution Approach to Regional Ocean Modeling (open access)

A Global, Multi-Resolution Approach to Regional Ocean Modeling

In this collaborative research project between Pennsylvania State University, Colorado State University and Florida State University, we mainly focused on developing multi-resolution algorithms which are suitable to regional ocean modeling. We developed hybrid implicit and explicit adaptive multirate time integration method to solve systems of time-dependent equations that present two signi#12;cantly di#11;erent scales. We studied the e#11;ects of spatial simplicial meshes on the stability and the conditioning of fully discrete approximations. We also studies adaptive #12;nite element method (AFEM) based upon the Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation (CVT) and superconvergent gradient recovery. Some of these techniques are now being used by geoscientists(such as those at LANL).
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Du, Qiang
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Hardware Implementation of the CERN SPS Ultrafast Feedback Processor Demonstrator (open access)

The Hardware Implementation of the CERN SPS Ultrafast Feedback Processor Demonstrator

None
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Dusatko, J. E.; Cesaratto, J. M.; Fox, J. D.; Olsen, J.; Rivetta, C. H. & Hofle, W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Laboratory astrophysical collisionless shock experiments on Omega and NIF (open access)

Laboratory astrophysical collisionless shock experiments on Omega and NIF

None
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Park, H. S.; Ross, J. S.; Huntington, C. M.; Fiuza, F.; Ryutov, D.; Casey, D. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Optical Spectroscopic Observations of Gamma-ray Blazars Candidates I: Preliminary Results (open access)

Optical Spectroscopic Observations of Gamma-ray Blazars Candidates I: Preliminary Results

None
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Paggi, A.; Milisavljevic, D.; Masetti, N.; Jimenez-Bailon, E.; Chavushyan, V.; D'Abrusco, R. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Physics with Rare Isotope Beams (open access)

Physics with Rare Isotope Beams

Using stable and radioactive beams provided by ATLAS nuclear reactions of special interest in astrophysics have been studied with emphasis on breakout from the hot CNO cycle to the rp-process. The masses of nuclear fragments provided by a strong fission source have been measured in order to help trace the path of the r process. 8Li ions produced by the d(7Li,8Li)n reaction have been trapped and the electrons and alphas emitted in the ensuing beta-decay measured. The neutrino directions were therefore determined, which leads to a measurement of the electron-neutrino correlation. The energies and kinematics are such that a sensitive search for any tensor admixture could be performed and an upper limit of 0.6% was placed on any such admixture. Earlier work on the electromagnetic form factors of the proton was extended. Graduate students were active participants in all of these eperiments, which formed the basis for six PhD theses.
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Segel, Ralph E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tank 12H Acidic Chemical Cleaning Sample Analysis And Material Balance (open access)

Tank 12H Acidic Chemical Cleaning Sample Analysis And Material Balance

A process of Bulk Oxalic Acid (BOA) chemical cleaning was performed for Tank 12H during June and July of 2013 to remove all or a portion of the approximately 4400 gallon sludge heel. Three strikes of oxalic acid (nominally 4 wt % or 2 wt %) were used at 55 �C and tank volumes of 96- to 140-thousand gallons. This report details the sample analysis of a scrape sample taken prior to BOA cleaning and dip samples taken during BOA cleaning. It also documents a rudimentary material balance for the Tank 12H cleaning results.
Date: November 8, 2013
Creator: Martino, C. J.; Reboul, S. H.; Wiersma, B. J. & Coleman, C. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Construction Cost Estimate Livermore Site Solar Generation Project (open access)

Construction Cost Estimate Livermore Site Solar Generation Project

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Date: October 8, 2013
Creator: Quinly, C E
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Efficiency Enhancement in a Tapered Free Electron Laser By Varying the Electron Beam Radius (open access)

Efficiency Enhancement in a Tapered Free Electron Laser By Varying the Electron Beam Radius

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Date: October 8, 2013
Creator: Jiao, Y.; Wu, J. & Qin, Q.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evidence of B + \to tau+ nu Decays with Hadronic B Tags (open access)

Evidence of B + \to tau+ nu Decays with Hadronic B Tags

None
Date: October 8, 2013
Creator: Lees, J. P.; Poireau, V.; Tisserand, V.; /Annecy, LAPP; Garra Tico, J.; Grauges, E. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydrodynamic growth and mix experiments at National Ignition Facility (open access)

Hydrodynamic growth and mix experiments at National Ignition Facility

None
Date: October 8, 2013
Creator: Smalyuk, V. A.; Caggiano, J.; Casey, D.; Cerjan, C.; Clark, D. S.; Edwards, J. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Investigation into Electron Cloud Effects in the ILC Damping Ring Design (open access)

Investigation into Electron Cloud Effects in the ILC Damping Ring Design

None
Date: October 8, 2013
Creator: Boon, L. E.; Harkay, K. C.; Conway, J. V.; Crittenden, J. A.; Dugan, G.; Palmer, M. A. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library