Simplified design analysis methods for elevated temperature construction are classified and reviewed. Because the major impetus for developing elevated temperature design methodology during the past ten years has been the LMFBR program, considerable emphasis is placed upon results from this source. The operating characteristics of the LMFBR are such that cycles of severe transient thermal stresses can be interspersed with normal elevated temperature operational periods of significant duration, leading to a combination of plastic and creep deformation. The various simplified methods are organized into two general categories, depending upon whether it is the material, or constitutive, model that is reduced, or the geometric modeling that is simplified. Because the elastic representation of material behavior is so prevalent, an entire section is devoted to elastic analysis methods. Finally, the validation of the simplified procedures is discussed.

A low energy Marx generator makes a convenient trigger for various spark gaps. With an output around 200 kV and a risetime less than 2 ns, the micro-Marx can multichannel field distortion gaps or fire a number of gaps without much gap-to-gap isolation. This design features small size, low cost, and good triggering characteristics. The complete unit is shown.

A new 4-MW inductor-converter bridge (ICB) for supplying power to pulsed superconducting magnets is under construction at Argonne National Laoratory. This is a second-generation ICB built at Argonne Lab. The analytical, design, and control techniques developed for the first prototype have been used in the design of the new system. The paper presents the important considerations in the design of the new ICB. A brief description of the operation of the circuit is also given.

We have tested several samples of LIF, both single crystal and press forged, for damage resistance to 10-ns 248-nm pulses at 35 pps. The damage thresholds - the highest levels at which no damage could be produced - ranged from 4 to 6 J/cm/sup 2/ although some test sites survived irradiation at approx. 30 J/cm/sup 2/. We observed that bulk damage is the primary failure mechanism in single crystal and press forged samples and that both types exhibit the same resistance to laser damage.

A 30-kV proton injector designed for matching a 31-mA proton beam into the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) section of the PIGMI accelerator has been constructed and tested. This injector uses a small efficient duoplasmatron ion source and a single-gap extraction system for creating a convergent ion beam, and a three-element unipotential einzel lens for focusing the ion beam into the RFQ. A description of this prototype injector is presented, along with the experimental data obtained during the testing of this system.

The Bonneville Power Administration operates the transmission system that joins the Pacific Northwest and southern California. A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter can provide system damping for low frequency oscillations. The unit is scheduled to operate in late 1982. Progress to date is described. The coil is complete. All major components of the electrical and cryogenic systems have been received and testing has begun. Computer control hardware is in place and software development is proceeding. Support system components and dewar lid are being fabricated and foundation design is complete. A contract for dewar fabrication is being negotiated.

The Bonneville Power Administration operates the transmission system that joins the Pacific Northwest and southern California. A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter can provide system damping for low frequency oscillations. The unit is scheduled to operate in 1982. Progress during FY 81 is described. The coil is complete. All major components of the electrical and cryogenic systems have been received and testing has begun. Computer control hardware is in place and software development is proceeding. Support system components and dewar lid are being fabricated and foundation design is complete. A contract for dewar fabrication is being negotiated.

The Bonneville Power Administration operates the electric power transmission system that connects the Pacific Northwest and southern California. The HVAC interties develop 0.35 Hz oscillations when the lines are heavily loaded. A 30 MJ (8.4 kWh) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit with a 10 MW converter can provide system damping for the oscillation. The unit is scheduled for installation in 1982 and operation in 1982-83. Status of the project is described. The conductor has been fully tested electrically and mechanically and the 5 kA superconducting cable has been produced. The 30 MJ superconducting coil is essentially complete. All major components of the electrical and cryogenic systems except the nonconducting dewar have been completed. The refrigerator and converter are undergoing tests. The system is to be located at the BPA Tacoma Substation and operated by microwave link from Portland, OR.

A high-voltage probe has been designed and constructed; it is unique because it may be used for both high-voltage dc and for transient measurements. The probe is rated at 100-kV dc with a short transient rating of 150-kV peak. System risetime is less than 2 ns. The input impedance is 1000 M..cap omega.. shunted by 13 pF. A distributed RC network providing the desired attenuation is housed in a 25.4-cm-dia cylindrical housing. A 15.2-m length of coaxial cable connects the probe to a termination network at the oscilloscope input. The oscilloscope input impedance must be at least 100 k..cap omega.. to maintain the correct dc attenuation ratio.

The general availability of digital circuit components with propagation delay times of a few nanoseconds makes a digital phase detector with good bandwidth feasible. Such a circuit has a distinct advantage over its analog counterpart because of its linearity over wide range of phase shift. A phase detector that is being built at Los Alamos National Laboratory for the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test (FMIT) project is described. The specifications are 100-kHz bandwidth, linearity of +- 1/sup 0/ over +- 180/sup 0/ of phase shift, and 0.66/sup 0/ resolution. To date, the circuit has achieved the bandwidth and resolution. The linearity is approximately +- 3/sup 0/ over +- 180/sup 0/ phase shift.

A /sup 252/Cf neutron source and an /sup 241/Am alpha source were used with isotopically enriched water containing 43.9% /sup 17/O and 43.1% /sup 18/O, to study the (n,n'UPSILON) and (..cap alpha..,..cap alpha..'UPSILON) reactions in /sup 17/O and /sup 18/O. The production yields for the 870.8-keV gamma ray from /sup 17/O and the 1982.2-keV gamma ray from /sup 18/O were measured. In addition, the average cross sections over the /sup 252/Cf fission neutron spectrum for /sup 17/O(n,n'UPSILON)/sup 17/O and /sup 18/O(n,n'UPSILON)/sup 18/O were determined.

Solid state lasers for fusion experiments must reliably deliver maximum power to small (approximately .5 mm) targets from stand-off focal distances of 1 m or more. This requirement places stringent limits upon the optical quality of the several major components - amplifiers, Faraday isolators, spatial filters - in each amplifier train. Residual static aberrations in optical components are transferred to the beam as it traverses the optical amplifier chain. Although individual components are typically less than lambda/20 for components less than 10 cm clear aperture; and less than lambda/10 for components less than 20 cm clear aperture; the large number of such components in optical series results in a wavefront error that may exceed one wave for modern solid state lasers. For pulse operation, the focal spot is additionally broadened by intensity dependent nonlinearities. Specific examples of the performance of large aperture components will be presented within the context of the Argus and Shiva laser systems, which are presently operational at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Design requirements upon the larger aperture Nova laser components, up to 74 cm in clear aperture, will also be discussed; these pose a significant challenge to the optical industry.

Spectral absorption measurements in AgI are reported at pressures up to 136 kbar using a diamond anvil cell. In the NaCl phase between 5 and 70 kbar the absorption edge shift is found to be nearly linear with pressure. No indication of a sudden jump into a CsCl phase is found near 100 kbar and the possible influence of larger pressure gradients in earlier measurements is discussed.

The program and abstracts of papers are presented. Topics include radiation sources, radiation detectors, mathematical models and data analysis, gamma-ray spectroscopy, instrumentation, applications of x-ray fluorescence, PIXE, and x-ray absorption. (ACR)

A multi-laboratory-university collaborative project involving Argonne, Brookhaven, Michigan, Rice and Yale is underway to accelerate polarized protons at the AGS. The success of the now turned off 12 GeV/c ZGS polarized beam and the design studies for the AGS made us confident of the feasibility of achieving a polarization of about 60% at 26 GeV/c with an intensity 10/sup 11/ to 10/sup 12/ protons/pulse. Such a beam would be a potential source of polarized protons for ISABELLE. This report gives a brief discussion of the overall project and describes the tests of a prototype of the fast pulsed ferrite quadrupole magnets which will jump the intrinsic depolarizing resonances.

Operational problems in the production and acceleration of /sup 14/C beams for nuclear structure research in Los Alamos National Laboratory's Van de Graaff accelerators are discussed. Methods for the control of contamination in ion sources, accelerators and personnel are described. Sputter source target fabrication techniques and the relative beam production efficiencies of various types of bound particulate carbon sputter source targets are presented.

The rationale and the advantages of using multiple transmission-line sections isolated by transit time and inductance in accelerating high-current (approx. = 10 kA), short-pulse (less than or equal to 100 ns) particle beams to the multimegavolt level is outlined. The main advantages of this system include reducing the number of output switches required per output pulse by nearly an order of magnitude over conventional systems and increasing the system capability for repetition-rate operation. The isolated transmission-line concept is developed and possible modes of operation outlined. In addition, a point design of a 10-kA short-pulse accelerator is presented.

This report constitutes a summary review of the status and prospects of the development of accelerator spallation reactors for breeding fissile fuel and for transmuting fission products.

Reactors are the key to our future expansion into space. However, there has been some confusion in the public as to whether they are a safe and acceptable technology for use in space. The answer to these questions is explored. The US position is that when reactors are the preferred technical choice, that they can be used safely. In fact, it does not appear that reactors add measurably to the risk associated with the Space Transportation System.

The technology development efforts ongoing at Sandia National Laboratories in the areas of drilling, completion, and logging instrumentation are described. These development efforts are aimed at solving the problems associated with the high temperatures, hard-fractured geological formations, and corrosive formation fluids.

Two steps have been taken to quantify and improve the accuracy in the analysis. First, the limitations of various approximation techniques have been studied with the aid of smaller benchmark problems containing fewer holes. Second, a new family of computer programs has been developed for handling such large problems. This paper describes the accuracy studies and the benchmark problems. A review is given of some proposed modeling techniques including local mesh refinement, homogenization, a special-purpose finite element, and substructuring. Some limitations of these approaches are discussed. The new finite element programs and the features that contribute to their efficiency are discussed. These include a standard architecture for out-of-core data processing and an equation solver that operates on a peripheral array processor. The central conclusions of the paper are: (1) modeling approximation methods such as local mesh refinement and homogenization tend to be unreliable, and they should be justified by a fine mesh benchmark analysis; and (2) finite element codes are now available that can achieve accurate solutions at a reasonable cost, and there is no longer a need to employ modeling approximations in the two-dimensional analysis of HTGR fuel elements. 10 figures.

A matrix acid treatment on a limestone formation in a low temperature hydrothermal production well in South Dakota has resulted in a 40% increase in heat (BTU) available for use in space heating a hospital. The results of this experimental treatment on the Madison Limestone suggest a significant potential may exist for similar applications, particularly throughout the western United States. This paper presents the results of the acid treatment, suggests other possible areas for similar application, and analyzes the economics for successful treatments.

For the successful and safe operation of a geothermal well, casing and cement conditions must be accurately determined. Cement bond logs are needed to detect channels or water pockets in the cement between the pipe and the formation and to determine the condition of the cement bond to the pipe and to the formation. Instrumentation for making such measurements is limited by the temperature capabilities (< 175/sup 0/C) of existing logging equipment which was developed for the oil and gas industry. This paper reviews an acoustic system of the type that is needed for geothermal cementing inspection, identifies the principle deficiencies in its high temperature use, and describes Sandia's R and D project for developing high temperature acoustic cement bond logging diagnostics.

Amplitudes of S and P waves from commercial borehole acoustic logging tools depend on the angle between the borehole axis and the direction of propagation as well as the distance between source and receiver. Knowledge of the angular dependence or radiation pattern, is necessary to properly measure the attenuation of waves traveling between two boreholes. Functional expressions are shown for the S and P-waves amplitudes. Experimental work in relatively homogeneous granite suggests that this relationship adequately describes the radiation pattern for both explosive sources and for acoustic transducers placed in fluid filled boreholes. Using these functional expressions for the S and P-wave amplitudes a technique was developed to estimate Q, the quality factor, and locate discrete fractures in crystalline rock that compose the Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoir at Fenton Hill, New Mexico.