Water Conservation; Water Erosion; Flooding and Prevention

Photograph of representative erosion damage in this section from a heavy rain, approximate a 1 inch accumulation on May 9, 1947. Silting and washing in this 35 acre cornfield have destroyed conservatively 12 to 18 percent of the corn and cotton crop. Corn and cotton was cultivated up and down rows and dozens of small washes 3 to 25 feet wide have covered the young plants completely with silt. Erosion control methods, properly established, would have reduced the damage to less than 1%. Class II land in foreground; Class III in the background. Soil is a Houston blank clay; slope 2% to 4%; erosion 11 and 111. TX-43, 659.
Date: May 9, 1947
Creator: Becton, T. H.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Pride of Texas Orchards Home Made Weed Mower

Photograph of a homemade weed mower used to mow weeds in citrus orchards. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Home made [sic] weed mower used to mow weeds in citrus orchards. Whirling blades with mower knives on edges cuts weeds at height of about 4" from ground. Power takeoff from tractor – 5 disc blades, about 30" diameter, cuts strip about 12.5 feet wide. No other cultivation practiced in these orchards for last year."
Date: October 23, 1947
Creator: Brown, Grover
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Pride of Texas Orchards Home Made Weed Mower Close-Up View

Photograph of a homemade weed mower used to mow weeds in citrus orchards. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Home-made weed mower used to mow weeds in citrus orchards. Whirling blades with mower knives cuts weeds at height of about 4 inches from ground. Power to drive blades comes from the wheels – 3 disc blades, 30 inches wide. Cuts strip about 7.5 wide, pulled with Ford tractor. No cultivation practiced in these orchards in last year."
Date: October 23, 1947
Creator: Brown, Grover
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

An UNIDENTIFED Man on a Tractor Pulling a Stalk Cutter Used in Citrus Orchard for Chopping Sown Cover of Weeds and Grasses

Photograph of an UNIDENTIFED man on a tractor pulling a stalk cutter used in citrus orchard for chopping sown cover of weeds and grasses. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Stalk cutter used in citrus orchard for chopping sown cover of weeds and grasses. No cultivation is used. Cutter leaves thick cover of dead residue that protects the surface from erosion, increases infiltration of rainfall and reduces surface temperature and evaporation. Shield over part of cutter protects tree branches when working close to trees."
Date: October 23, 1947
Creator: Brown, Grover
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

W. M. Nixon and R. H. Vahrenkamp Looking at Cover of Chopped-Up Litter Left on Surface of Soil in Citrus Orchard by Stalk Cutter

Photograph of W. M. Nixon and R. H. Vahrenkamp looking at cover of chopped-up litter left on surface of soil in citrus orchard by stalk cutter. Photograph does not identify the left to right positions of Nixon or Vahrenkamp. The back of the photograph proclaims, “W. M. Nixon and R. H. Vahrenkamp looking at cover of chopped-up litter left on surface of soil in citrus orchard by stalk cutter. Litter protects surface from erosion, increases rainfall penetration and reduces surface evaporation and temperatures. No other cultivation is used in this orchard. Vegetation is kept down by means of the stalk cutter used as needed.”
Date: October 23, 1947
Creator: Brown, Grover
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Farming Equipment and Methods

Photograph of a Mr. Rushing on a tractor clearing Mr. Row Sibley’s land for improved pasture. LA-61231.
Date: April 28, 1947
Creator: Clancy, Wandalea
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Grass, Legume and Forb Cultivation

Photograph of Angleton grass (A. a????latus). King Ranch seed field.
Date: November 7, 1947
Creator: Foster, Dean (?)
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Grass, Legume and Forb Cultivation

Photograph of crested wheatgrass.
Date: July 23, 1947
Creator: Fox, Lester
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Grass, Legume and Forb Cultivation

Photograph of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum). TX-43, 859.
Date: July 23, 1947
Creator: Fox, Lester
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Farming Equipment and Methods

Photograph of twenty-two combination clean and trashy grass seeding drills for delivery to the Soil Conservation Service for use in Washita Flood Control Program. From left ot right: E. Conrad, Earl K. Lowe, C.E. Bunch, & W.T. Wheeler. OK-9293.
Date: March 24, 1947
Creator: Gamble, M. D.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Farming Equipment and Methods

Photograph of one of 22 combination clean and grassy seeding drills for use in the Washita Flood Control program. Frames were constructed and machines assembled by Chickasha Iron Works. Standing beside the seeder is Mr. A.J. Kennedy, foreman of the job for Iron Works. OK-9299.
Date: March 24, 1947
Creator: Gamble, M. D.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Farming Equipment and Methods

Photograph of twenty-two combination clean and trashy grass seeding drills for delivery to the Soil Conservation Service for use in Washita Flood Control Program. From left ot right: E. Conrad, Earl K. Lowe, C.E. Bunch, & W.T. Wheeler. Frames were constructed and machines assembled by the Chickasha Iron Works. OK-9291.
Date: March 24, 1947
Creator: Gamble, M. D.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Ineffective Two-Mile Drainage Channel on Lee Cook's Farm

Photograph of an UNIDENTIFED man pointing to a two-mile drainage channel being made ineffective by sand and silt from recent spring rains closing mouth of ditch on Lee Cook’s farm. The back of the photograph proclaims, “2 mile drainage channel being made ineffective by sand and silt from recent spring rains closing mouth of ditch. Note water standing in ditch. Creek channel that receives drainage ditch was lowered 2 feet past winter now sanded up again. Note sand bars in foreground. (Washita tributary.)”
Date: May 1947
Creator: Gamble, M. D.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Washita River Streambank Erosion

Photograph of erosion caused by the Washita River to a streambank. This damage is cutting away the above farmstead and pushing the house closer towards falling into the river. The back of the photograph proclaims, "It won't be long now." Streambank erosion cutting away farmstead."
Date: May 7, 1947
Creator: Gamble, M. D.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Winters Creek Streambank Erosion

Photograph of the streambank erosion of Winters Creek, a tributary of the Washita River. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Streambank erosion of Winters Creek (tributary of Washita). Owner estimates that 5 acres of Class I land destroyed by recent spring rains."
Date: May 1947
Creator: Gamble, M. D.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Little Washita Flooding E. E. Shoemake Farm

Photograph of the Little Washita flooding the farm of E. E. Shoemake in the spring of 1947. Floodwaters cover most of the land with some trees present in the background and some grass and a barbed wire fence in the foreground. The back of the photograph proclaims, "These pictures given to C. A. Partridge Jan. 1950. They show the flood on the Little Washita in the spring of 1947. Flood waters on the E. E. Shoemake farm."
Date: 1947-XX-21
Creator: George & Son Studio
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Two UNIDENTIFIED Men Studying two Contrasting Orchards Separated Via a Fence Line

Photograph of two UNIDENTIFIED men standing in two contrasting orchards separated via a fence line. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Front line contrast of two orchards in an area with a high water table. Orchard on the right has been abandoned because most of the trees have died. Orchard on the left is producing good crops. Orchard on right has been clean cultivated. Orchard on left has had cover plus other vegetation matter that was hauled in. This dead vegetation was left on the surface reducing evaporation."
Date: September 28, 1947
Creator: Hartman, M. A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

UNIDENTIFED Man Studying Redtop Cane Cut With a Silage Cutter and Hauled to the Edge of the Orchard

Photograph of an UNIDENTIFED man studying redtop cane cut with a silage cutter and hauled to the edge of the orchard. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Redtop cane that was cut with a silage cutter and hauled to the edge of the orchard. This vegetative residue will be added to the vegetation grown in the orchard to give a dead vegetative cover. This is for soil improvement and reducing evaporation."
Date: September 28, 1947
Creator: Hartman, M. A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Winter Cover Crop and John Deere Tractor

Photograph of an UNIDENTIFIED man standing in a winter cover crop next to a John Deere tractor with a planter attached. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Winter cover crop (vetch, etc.) planter attached to the front of the tractor with cultivator attached. The planter is shop made from an old grain drill and broadcasts the seed in front of cultivator that covers the seed. One way to plant cover crop at the same time cotton or sorghum are given their last cultivation."
Date: September 23, 1947
Creator: Hartman, M. A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Contour Rows Holding Water in Terraced Field

Photograph of "Contour rows holding water in terraced field."
Date: March 19, 1947
Creator: Jenkins, E. W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

The "Little Skojer" Ditcher

Photograph of Mr. J.W. Rhoades operates the hydraulic controls and lifts the nose of the "Little Skojer" ditcher. Mr. Rhoades designed and built this original ditcher with parts from old farm equipment, an old electric refrigerator and washing machine and surplus war materials.
Date: May 15, 1947
Creator: Jenkins, E. W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Wunderlich Corn and Field

Photograph of Mr. Wunderlich showing Ed Anderson, Soil Conservation Service technician, some of the corn produced on his land. People shown in photo go as followed from left to right: 1. Mr. (Fred E) Wunderlich, 2. Ed Anderson, Soil Conservation Service technician. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Mr. Wunderlich, left, shows Ed Anderson, Soil Conservation Service technician, some of his 80 bushel per acre corn produced last year on 35 acres of bottomland. The field was in alfalfa for about 5 years that averaged 5 tons per acre per year. Cotton on 9 acres following the alfalfa in 1944 made two 500 pound bales per acre. The cotton was followed by 80 bushel per acre corn and this year the field is back in alfalfa."
Date: May 14, 1947
Creator: Jenkins, E. W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Farm Homes

Photograph of the modern farm home of L.A. Rounds. OK-9485.
Date: April 9, 1947
Creator: Jenkins, Elvin W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

Farm Homes

Photograph of Mr. and Mrs. Tolliver checking farm records in the neat kitchen of their farmstead. Tolliver bought a run-down 40 acre farm that used to scarcely produce 5 bushels of corn per acre. "It had gullies I couldn't cross with implements and the soil would produce practically nothing," Tooliver said. He terraced and contoured the 22 acres he cultivated, rotated his crops and use dhairy vetch for cover and soil improvement. Pasture cleared and mowed. OK-9479.
Date: 1947
Creator: Jenkins, Elvin W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History