U.S.-U.K. Free Trade Agreement: Prospects and Issues for Congress (open access)

U.S.-U.K. Free Trade Agreement: Prospects and Issues for Congress

This report discuses the prospects of a free trade agreement between the U.K. and the U.S. after Brexit and potential issues that might be addressed in such an agreement. Congress's role in free trade agreements is also discussed.
Date: April 14, 2017
Creator: Akhtar, Shayerah Ilias
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Lacey Act: Protecting the Environment by Restricting Trade (open access)

The Lacey Act: Protecting the Environment by Restricting Trade

This report looks at the history and applications of the Lacey Act, which allows the U.S. to enforce the laws of other countries.
Date: January 14, 2014
Creator: Alexander, Kristina
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Debt Limit Since 2011 (open access)

The Debt Limit Since 2011

This report discusses the federal debt increase, which can increase when the government sells debt to the public to finance budget deficits and acquire the financial resources needed to meet its obligations (increasing debt held by the public), or when the federal government issues debt to certain government accounts in exchange for their reported surpluses (increasing debt held by government accounts).
Date: March 14, 2017
Creator: Austin, D. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Discretionary Budget Authority by Subfunction: An Overview (open access)

Discretionary Budget Authority by Subfunction: An Overview

President Obama's FY2013 budget submission was released on February 13, 2012. This report provides a graphical overview of historical trends in discretionary budget authority (BA) from FY1976 through FY2011, enacted levels for FY2012 spending, and the levels consistent with the President's proposals for FY2013 through FY2017. Spending caps and budget enforcement mechanisms established in the Budget Control Act (BCA) of 2011 will probably strongly affect the FY2013 budget cycle. This report may provide a starting point for discussions about spending trends and federal priorities, but it does not attempt to explain spending patterns in each policy area.
Date: February 14, 2012
Creator: Austin, D. Andrew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Running Deficits: Positives and Pitfalls (open access)

Running Deficits: Positives and Pitfalls

The FY2009 federal deficit swelled to $1.414 trillion, or nearly 10% of gross domestic product (GDP), due to the economic recession. The size of recent deficits has added to longstanding concerns regarding the federal government's long-term fiscal condition. However, deficit finance can serve as an important policy tool. This report discusses how deficit finance can help governments manage their economies and how large and persistent deficits can lead to severe economic problems.
Date: September 14, 2010
Creator: Austin, D. Andrew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trends in Mandatory Spending: In Brief (open access)

Trends in Mandatory Spending: In Brief

This report describes mandatory spending, its composition and growth over time, and possible mandatory spending in coming decades, as well as relevant policy options.
Date: September 14, 2018
Creator: Austin, D. Andrew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FY2011 Appropriations in Budgetary Context (open access)

FY2011 Appropriations in Budgetary Context

This report compares the various funding levels that have been considered during the 112th Congress with H.R. 1473, a compromise reached just before the expiration on April 8 of the sixth continuing resolution (CR). H.R. 1473 provides discretionary budget authority to run the federal government for the remainder of FY2011, and includes both discretionary and mandatory spending reductions.
Date: April 14, 2011
Creator: Austin, D. Andrew & Belasco, Amy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trade Law: An Introduction to Selected International Agreements and U.S. Laws (open access)

Trade Law: An Introduction to Selected International Agreements and U.S. Laws

This report is an introductory overview of the legal framework governing trade-related measures. The agreements and laws selected for discussion are those most-commonly implicated by U.S. trade interests, but there are U.S. trade laws and obligations beyond those reviewed in this report.
Date: January 14, 2011
Creator: Barbour, Emily C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act: A Summary of Superfund Cleanup Authorities and Related Provisions of the Act (open access)

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act: A Summary of Superfund Cleanup Authorities and Related Provisions of the Act

This report discusses the background and current status of CERCLA (the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980), which was a response to a growing desire for the federal government to ensure the cleanup of the nation's most contaminated sites to protect the public from potential harm. Concerns for Congress include funding for this act; most funding comes from potentially responsible parties (PRPs), but some also comes from the CERCLA established Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund.
Date: June 14, 2012
Creator: Bearden, David M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
NATO's Chicago Summit (open access)

NATO's Chicago Summit

NATO's 2012 summit of alliance heads of state and government is scheduled to take place in Chicago on May 20-21. U.S. and NATO officials have outlined what they expect to be the Summit's three main agenda items: Defining the next phase of formal transition in Afghanistan and shaping a longer term NATO commitment to the country after the planned end of combat operations by the end of 2014; Securing commitments to maintain and develop the military capabilities necessary to meet NATO's defense and security goals, including through a new "Smart Defense" initiative; and Enhancing NATO's partnerships with non-NATO member states.
Date: May 14, 2012
Creator: Belkin, Paul
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Intelligence Issues for Congress (open access)

Intelligence Issues for Congress

To address the challenges facing the U.S. intelligence community in the 21st century, congressional and executive branch initiatives have sought to improve coordination among the different agencies and to encourage better analysis. This report discusses these challenges and efforts the current and previous Administrations and Congresses have taken and are taking to address them. The report includes criticism of the intelligence community's efforts regarding Iraq, Iran, and other areas. Improved analysis remains a key goal in these discussions.
Date: October 14, 2010
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Intelligence Issues for Congress (open access)

Intelligence Issues for Congress

This report gives an overview of current intelligence issues of interest to the 112th Congress. It includes background and analysis including most recent development, ongoing Congressional concerns, specific issues for the 112th Congress, and a summary of related legislation from the 109th through the 112th Congresses.
Date: September 14, 2011
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tax Reform: An Overview of Proposals in the 112th Congress (open access)

Tax Reform: An Overview of Proposals in the 112th Congress

This report primarily covers fundamental tax reform. CRS reports are available online concerning the other three categories of tax reform: tax reform based on the elimination of the individual alternative minimum tax (AMT), proposals for reforming the corporate income tax, and proposals for reforming the U.S. taxation of international business.
Date: January 14, 2011
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sifting Domestic Terrorism from Hate Crime ad Homegrown Violent Extremism (open access)

Sifting Domestic Terrorism from Hate Crime ad Homegrown Violent Extremism

This report defines the terms domestic terrorism, hate crimes, and homegrown violent extremism as used by the FBI and the Department of Homeland Security and how they can intersect.
Date: August 14, 2017
Creator: Bjelopera, Jerome P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Saudi Arabia: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

Saudi Arabia: Background and U.S. Relations

The kingdom of Saudi Arabia, ruled by the Al Saud family since its founding in 1932, wields significant political and economic influence as the birthplace of the Islamic faith and by virtue of its large energy reserves. This report provides background information about Saudi Arabia and analyzes current issues in U.S.-Saudi relations.
Date: June 14, 2010
Creator: Blanchard, Christopher M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
United Nations Reform: U.S. Policy and International Perspectives (open access)

United Nations Reform: U.S. Policy and International Perspectives

This report focuses on U.N. reform efforts and priorities from the perspective of several key actors, including the U.S. government, the U.N. Secretary-General, selected groups of member states, and a cross-section of groups tasked with addressing U.N. reform. It also examines congressional actions related to U.N. reform, as well as future policy considerations.
Date: July 14, 2011
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
International Violence Against Women: U.S. Response and Policy Issues (open access)

International Violence Against Women: U.S. Response and Policy Issues

This report addresses causes, prevalence, and consequences of violence against women. It provides examples of completed and ongoing U.S. activities that address VAW directly or include anti-VAW components. It outlines possible policy issues for the 112th Congress, including the scope and effectiveness of U.S. programs in addressing international VAW; further integrating anti-VAW programs into U.S. assistance and foreign policy mechanisms; U.S. funding for anti-VAW activities worldwide, particularly in light of the global financial crisis, economic recession, and subsequent calls to reduce the U.S. budget deficit; and strengthening U.S. government coordination of anti-VAW activities.
Date: April 14, 2011
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa; Margesson, Rhoda; Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji; Serafino, Nina M. & Wyler, Liana Sun
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Proposed U.S.-Colombia Free Trade Agreement: Labor Issues (open access)

Proposed U.S.-Colombia Free Trade Agreement: Labor Issues

This report examines three labor issues and arguments related to the pending U.S.-Colombia free trade agreement (CFTA; H.R. 5724 and S. 2830): violence against trade unionists; impunity (accountability for or punishment of the perpetrators); and worker rights protections for Colombians.
Date: April 14, 2011
Creator: Bolle, Mary Jane
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
District of Columbia: A Brief Review of Provisions in District of Columbia Appropriations Acts Restricting the Funding of Abortion Services (open access)

District of Columbia: A Brief Review of Provisions in District of Columbia Appropriations Acts Restricting the Funding of Abortion Services

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Date: April 14, 2011
Creator: Boyd, Eugene
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FY2016 Appropriations: District of Columbia (open access)

FY2016 Appropriations: District of Columbia

This report is categorized into two categories: (I) FY2016 Budget Request and (II) General Provisions: Key Policy Issues.
Date: May 14, 2015
Creator: Boyd, Eugene
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biomass: Comparison of Definitions in Legislation Through the 112th Congress (open access)

Biomass: Comparison of Definitions in Legislation Through the 112th Congress

Report discussing the use of biomass, its legislative history, and the proposed redefinition of biomass in legislation.
Date: November 14, 2012
Creator: Bracmort, Kelsi
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biopower: Background and Federal Support (open access)

Biopower: Background and Federal Support

The report begins with general summaries about bioenergy and biopower, including potential benefits and challenges, feedstocks, and biopower technologies. It also describes federal support available for biopower and relevant legislative concerns.
Date: August 14, 2015
Creator: Bracmort, Kelsi
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS): In Brief (open access)

The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS): In Brief

This report provides a basic description of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), which mandates that U.S. transportation fuel must contain a minimum volume of biofuel, and is a federal statutory requirement. The mandated minimum volume increases annually and can be met using both conventional biofuel (e.g., cornstarch ethanol) and advanced biofuels. This report also includes some of the widely-discussed issues.
Date: December 14, 2016
Creator: Bracmort, Kelsi
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Workforce Investment Act and the One-Stop Delivery System (open access)

The Workforce Investment Act and the One-Stop Delivery System

Report that provides details of WIA Title I state formula program structure, services, allocation formulas, and performance accountability. In addition, it provides a program overview for national grant programs.
Date: June 14, 2013
Creator: Bradley, David H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library