Resolutions of Inquiry: An Analysis of Their Use in the House, 1947-2011 (open access)

Resolutions of Inquiry: An Analysis of Their Use in the House, 1947-2011

A resolution of inquiry is a simple resolution making a direct request or demand of the President or the head of an executive department to furnish the House with specific factual information in the Administration's possession. Under the rules and precedents of the U.S. House of Representatives, such resolutions, if properly drafted, are given a privileged parliamentary status. This means that, under certain circumstances, a resolution of inquiry can be brought up on the House floor even if the committee to which it was referred has not reported it and the majority party leadership has not scheduled it for consideration. This report discusses the background, purpose, and efficiency of these inquiries.
Date: May 15, 2012
Creator: Davis, Christopher M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Reducing the Budget Deficit: Policy Issues (open access)

Reducing the Budget Deficit: Policy Issues

This report discusses why the federal government's fiscal path is unsustainable and provides an overview of proposals of selected groups that have published detailed recommendations on how to return the federal budget to a sustainable course.
Date: February 15, 2012
Creator: Labonte, Marc
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues (open access)

U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues

This report is a succinct overview of the U.S.-Taiwan relationship including an analysis of issues.For decades, Taiwan has been of significant security, economic, and political interest to the United States. While the United States does not diplomatically recognize Taiwan, it is a significant autonomous actor in the world.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Kan, Shirley A. & Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The National Guard State Partnership Program: Background, Issues, and Options for Congress (open access)

The National Guard State Partnership Program: Background, Issues, and Options for Congress

This report traces the origin and development of the State Partnership Program (SPP), which is a Department of Defense (DOD) security cooperation program run by the National Guard; summarizes its unique aspects; and outlines its statutory basis, funding mechanisms, organization, and activities. It details recent legislative and executive branch actions. It also explores issues that may merit congressional attention and provides options for policymakers who may be interested in modifying the program.
Date: August 15, 2011
Creator: Kapp, Lawrence & Serafino, Nina M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Aid Conditions, Restrictions, and Reporting Requirements (open access)

Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Aid Conditions, Restrictions, and Reporting Requirements

This report provides a comprehensive list of existing laws and pending legislation containing conditions, limitations, and reporting requirements for U.S. foreign assistance to Pakistan. It will track the debate on this topic and resulting changes.
Date: December 15, 2011
Creator: Epstein, Susan B. & Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
In Brief: Next Steps in the War in Afghanistan? Issues for Congress (open access)

In Brief: Next Steps in the War in Afghanistan? Issues for Congress

This short report considers issues that may be of interest to Congress as it considers the strength and duration of further U.S. involvement in Afghanistan, to 2014 and beyond.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Dale, Catherine
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Project BioShield Act: Issues for the 112th Congress (open access)

The Project BioShield Act: Issues for the 112th Congress

This report discusses the Project BioShield Act, In 2004, passed by Congress to encourage the private sector to develop medical countermeasures against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism agents and to provide a novel mechanism for federal acquisition of those newly developed countermeasures. This law provides three main authorities: (1) relaxing regulatory requirements for some CBRN terrorism-related spending, including hiring personnel and awarding research grants; (2) guaranteeing a federal market for new CBRN medical countermeasures; and (3) permitting emergency use of unapproved countermeasures.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Gottron, Frank
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990 (open access)

Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990

This report discusses U.S. security assistance to Taiwan, or Republic of China (ROC), including policy issues for Congress and legislation. Congress has oversight of the Taiwan Relations Act (TRA), P.L. 96-8, which has governed arms sales to Taiwan since 1979, when the United States recognized the People's Republic of China (PRC) instead of the ROC. Two other relevant parts of the "one China" policy are the August 17, 1982, U.S.-PRC Joint Communique and the "Six Assurances" to Taiwan. U.S. arms sales to Taiwan have been significant. The United States also expanded military ties with Taiwan after the PRC's missile firings in 1995-1996. However, the U.S.-ROC Mutual Defense Treaty terminated in 1979.
Date: September 15, 2011
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses (open access)

Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

This report discusses the reasons that Iran is considered a threat to U.S. security, including Iran's nuclear program, involvement with terrorist organizations, and involvement with neighboring countries' local governments. The report also discusses ways which the U.S. hopes to modify Iran's behavior with sanctions, and the effectiveness of these sanctions.
Date: December 15, 2011
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress

This report gives an overview of the situation in the Arctic region. The diminishment of Arctic sea ice has led to increased human activities in the Arctic, and has heightened interest in, and concerns about, the region's future. The United States, by virtue of Alaska, is an Arctic country and has substantial interests in the region. The Arctic has increasingly become a subject of discussion among political leaders of the nations in the region. In varying degrees, the Arctic coastal states have indicated a willingness to establish and maintain a military presence in the high north. U.S. military forces, particularly the Navy and Coast Guard, have begun to pay more attention to the region.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-Mexican Security Cooperation: The Mérida Initiative and Beyond (open access)

U.S.-Mexican Security Cooperation: The Mérida Initiative and Beyond

Increasing violence perpetrated by drug trafficking organizations and other criminal groups is threatening citizen security and governance in Mexico. Escalating violence has increased U.S. concerns about stability in Mexico, a key political and economic ally, and about the possibility of violence spilling over into the United States. In recent years, U.S.-Mexican security cooperation has increased significantly, largely as a result of the development and implementation of the Mérida Initiative, a counterdrug and anticrime assistance package for Mexico and Central America that was first proposed in October 2007. This report looks at the funding and Congressional oversight for this Initiative.
Date: August 15, 2011
Creator: Ribando Seelke, Clare & Finklea, Kristin M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Response to the Global Threat of Tuberculosis: Basic Facts (open access)

U.S. Response to the Global Threat of Tuberculosis: Basic Facts

This report outlines basic facts related to global tuberculosis (TB), including characteristics of the epidemic and U.S. legislation, programs, funding, and partnerships related to the global response to TB.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Kendall, Alexandra E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Response to the Global Threat of Malaria: Basic Facts (open access)

U.S. Response to the Global Threat of Malaria: Basic Facts

This report outlines basic facts related to global malaria, including characteristics of the epidemic and U.S. legislation, programs, funding, and partnerships related to the global response to malaria.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Kendall, Alexandra E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Response to the Global Threat of HIV/AIDS: Basic Facts (open access)

U.S. Response to the Global Threat of HIV/AIDS: Basic Facts

This report highlights some of the current challenges posed by HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and malaria, as well as several crosscutting policy issues that the 112th Congress may consider as it determines U.S. global health funding for these three diseases, including: Health Systems Strengthening, Country Ownership, Research and Development, Monitoring and Evaluation; and Bilateral vs. Multilateral Support.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Kendall, Alexandra E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense: FY2012 Budget Request, Authorization and Appropriations (open access)

Defense: FY2012 Budget Request, Authorization and Appropriations

This report discusses legislative action that applied the Budget Control Act (BCA)-mandated spending reduction to FY2012 defense funding legislation was taken by the Senate Appropriations Committee on September 7, 2011, when it adopted discretionary spending ceilings for each of its 12 subcommittees that required the Defense Subcommittee to cut $25.9 billion from the President's request for programs funded by the DOD Appropriations bill. On September 15, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported an amended version of the House-passed DOD Appropriations bill (H.R. 2219) that would cut $29.3 billion from the Administration request.
Date: June 15, 2011
Creator: Towell, Pat
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense: FY2012 Budget Request, Authorization and Appropriations (open access)

Defense: FY2012 Budget Request, Authorization and Appropriations

This report discusses legislative action that applied the Budget Control Act (BCA)-mandated spending reduction to FY2012 defense funding legislation was taken by the Senate Appropriations Committee on September 7, 2011, when it adopted discretionary spending ceilings for each of its 12 subcommittees that required the Defense Subcommittee to cut $25.9 billion from the President's request for programs funded by the DOD Appropriations bill. On September 15, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported an amended version of the House-passed DOD Appropriations bill (H.R. 2219) that would cut $29.3 billion from the Administration request.
Date: June 15, 2011
Creator: Towell, Pat
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Legislative Branch: FY2012 Appropriations (open access)

Legislative Branch: FY2012 Appropriations

This report gives an overview of the status of FY2012 appropriations and funding issues for the Senate, House of Representatives, and support agencies.
Date: June 15, 2011
Creator: Brudnick, Ida A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Community Services Block Grants (CSBG): Background and Funding (open access)

Community Services Block Grants (CSBG): Background and Funding

This report looks at the purpose and background of Community Services Block Grants (CSBG), which provide federal funds to states, territories, and tribes for distribution to local agencies to support a wide range of community-based activities to reduce poverty. CSBG was last reauthorized in 1998, although and related programs have been funded by Congressional approval since then.
Date: February 15, 2012
Creator: Spar, Karen
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Nuclear Cooperation with India: Issues for Congress (open access)

U.S. Nuclear Cooperation with India: Issues for Congress

India, which has not signed the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and does not have International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards on all of its nuclear material, exploded a “peaceful” nuclear device in 1974, convincing the world of the need for greater restrictions on nuclear trade. The United States created the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) as a direct response to India's test, halted nuclear exports to India a few years later, and worked to convince other states to do the same. India tested nuclear weapons again in 1998. However, President Bush announced July 18, 2005, he would “work to achieve full civil nuclear energy cooperation with India” and would “also seek agreement from Congress to adjust U.S. laws and policies,” in the context of a broader partnership with India. The Obama Administration has continued with the Bush Administration's policy regarding civil nuclear cooperation with India. According to a November 8, 2010, White House fact sheet, the United States “intends to support India's full membership” in the NSG, as well as other multilateral export control regimes.
Date: December 15, 2011
Creator: Kerr, Paul K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Political Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Political Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

This report discusses the history and political background of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia since their breakaway from the former Soviet Union at the end of 1991. It looks at key issues for the 112th Congress including economies, energy, regional politics, local crime, and terrorism.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Nichol, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues (open access)

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: September 15, 2011
Creator: Dagne, Ted
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: Background and Issues for Congress

This report discusses funding issues for Congress regarding the Aegis ballistic missile defense (BMD) program, which is carried out by the Missile Defense Agency (MDA). It looks at the background of the program and why it is necessary.
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) (open access)

Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI)

This report looks at the background and current status of the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), which was formed to increase international cooperation in interdicting shipments of weapons of mass destruction (WMD).
Date: June 15, 2012
Creator: Nikitin, Mary Beth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The United Arab Emirates (UAE): Issues for U.S. Policy (open access)

The United Arab Emirates (UAE): Issues for U.S. Policy

This report describes the open economy and society of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), as well as U.S. concern over proliferation of advanced technology due to said open economy and the UAE's lax export controls. This report describes these issues in relation to a recently-signed U.S.-UAE civilian nuclear agreement. It also provides a general description of the UAE's government and political structure, as well as the effects of the recent global economic downturn on the UAE in general and on the city of Dubai in particular.
Date: September 15, 2011
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library