This report provides background on the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) implementation and results. It details actual and requested funding for U.S. bilateral and multilateral efforts to fight HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria globally through FY2009. It discusses key policy debates surrounding international HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis programs and funding as the 110th Congress considered legislation to reauthorize PEPFAR programs.

The report is intended to provide a brief summary and analysis of major legislative provisions in bills related to reauthorization of the Federal Aviation Administration and related aviation programs that were considered during the 110th Congress.

This report discusses current issues related to the War Crimes Act of 1996 and Common Article 3 of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, which sets out minimum standards for the treatment of detainees in armed conflicts "not of an international character (e.g., civil wars, rebellions, and other conflicts between State and non-State actors).

TThis report briefly discusses the Air Carrier Access Act's (ACAA) statutory provisions, accompanying regulations, relevant judicial opinions, legislation in the 110th Congress, and possible considerations for the 111th Congress.

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This report addresses 110th Congress Legislation on discharges from Recreational boats related to Clean Water Act.

Congress enacted two restitution provisions in the 110th Congress, one as part of the Identity Theft Enforcement and Restitution Act of 2008, and the other as part of the Prioritizing Resources and Organization for Intellectual Property Act of 2008. It also devoted considerable time and attention to other restitution proposals that did not see final action before the end of the Congress.

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Aquaculture — the farming of fish, shellfish, and other aquatic animals and plants in a controlled environment — is expanding rapidly abroad, with more modest advances in the United States. This report discusses the federal laws and regulations that guide the management of resources in open ocean and near-shore coastal areas.

This report provides information on the Issues for the 110th Congress with Cuba.U.S policy of Cuba has consisted largely of isolating the communist nation's economic sanctions, which the Bush administration has tightened significantly.

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This report discusses the Cap-and-Trade Bills in the 110th Congress which are meant to advance market-based greenhouse gas reduction programs, similar to the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. The report presents a side-by-side comparison of the major provision in each of the bills and includes a glossary of common terms.

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This report provides information on the Issues for the 110th Congress with Cuba.U.S policy of Cuba has consisted largely of isolating the communist nation's economic sanctions, which the Bush administration has tightened significantly.

This report discusses the state of judicial security in the United States and the legislation introduced in the 110th Congress that would enhance judicial security.

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This report provides an overview of major legislative and policy developments related to campaign finance during the 110th Congress. The report discusses legislative and oversight hearings and floor action during the period. It also explores major policy issues that are relevant for Congress, but have largely occurred away from Capitol Hill. As of this writing, approximately 50 bills devoted primarily to campaign finance have been introduced in the 110th Congress, but none have become law. A new lobbying and ethics law, the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act (HLOGA) contains campaign finance provisions related to "bundled" campaign contributions and campaign travel. That measure is the only campaign finance related bill to become law during the 110th Congress.

This report is intended to provide a summary of legislative attempts to address issues of energy development and preservation in the Refuge from the 95th Congress through the 110th Congress, with emphasis on the 107th through 110th Congresses.

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This report discusses the trade negotiations during Bush Administration, which has made bilateral and regional free-trade agreements (FTAs) an important element of U.S. trade policy, a strategy known as “competitive liberalization.”

This report contains the clean air issues in the 110th congress about climate change, air quality standards, and oversight.