Farm Economic Relief: Issues and Options for Congress (open access)

Farm Economic Relief: Issues and Options for Congress

This report discusses issues regarding Agriculture funding, specifically the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act (P.L. 104-127), which prescribed farm commodity support policy through 2002.
Date: December 6, 2000
Creator: Womach, Jasper & Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change (open access)

Global Climate Change

This report discusses different perspectives used to consider issues related to the global climate change and issues related to the 1992 U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change and the 1997 Kyoto Agreement.
Date: December 14, 2001
Creator: Justus, John R. & Fletcher, Susan R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: Market-Based Strategies to Reduce Greenhouse Gases (open access)

Global Climate Change: Market-Based Strategies to Reduce Greenhouse Gases

This report discusses global climate change and the market-based strategies to reduce greenhouse gases.
Date: December 16, 2002
Creator: Parker, Larry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: The Kyoto Protocol (open access)

Global Climate Change: The Kyoto Protocol

This report discusses the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that was completed December 11, 1997, committing the industrialized nations to specified, legally binding reductions in emissions of six “greenhouse gases.”
Date: December 17, 2001
Creator: Fletcher, Susan R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: The Next Chapter (open access)

The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: The Next Chapter

This report discusses the ongoing debate about whether or not to open the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) for energy development. The report discusses arguments for and against such development and focuses especially on related pieces of legislation that directly affects the future of the ANWR.
Date: December 17, 2001
Creator: Corn, M. Lynne; Gelb, Bernard A. & Baldwin, Pamela
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: Full Funding of State Formula (open access)

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: Full Funding of State Formula

This report discusses Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), which assists participating states to serve school-age children with disabilities. The state funding formula, which provides a foundation amount based on states’ FY1999 grants and allocates remaining amounts based on states’ shares of school-age children and of school-age poor children, authorizes a maximum allotment per disabled child served of 40% of the national average per pupil expenditure (APPE). Annual appropriations have never been sufficient to provide each state its maximum allotment; in FY2002, states will receive approximately 16.5% of the national APPE per disabled child served. Some advocates for the program have called upon the Congress to fully fund the formula. An estimated $18.2 billion would be required to provide states the maximum allotment allowed per disabled child served in FY2002, about 2.4 times more than the appropriation of $7.5 billion for FY2002.
Date: December 27, 2001
Creator: Apling, Richard N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Higher Education Act: Reauthorization Status and Issues (open access)

The Higher Education Act: Reauthorization Status and Issues

This report provides the following: an overview of postsecondary education (institutions and students), an overview of the Higher Education Act (HEA) with a focus on its most significant programs and provisions, and a discussion of major issues likely to be of interest to the Congress during the HEA reauthorization process.
Date: December 23, 2002
Creator: Stedman, James B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
First Responder Initiative: Policy Issues and Options (open access)

First Responder Initiative: Policy Issues and Options

This report discusses the “First Responder Initiative,” a proposed block grant program to help state and local first responders prepare for possible terrorist attacks. Under the Administration proposal, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) would administer the program, which, if approved, would provide $3.5 billion to states and localities.
Date: December 11, 2002
Creator: Canada, Ben
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy (open access)

Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy

This report discusses contribution of technological advancement to economic growth and productivity increases. Because technology can contribute to economic growth and productivity increases, congressional interest has focused on how to augment private-sector technological development.
Date: December 5, 2000
Creator: Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, December 28, 2000 (open access)

Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, December 28, 2000

This report discusses contribution of technological advancement to economic growth and productivity increases. Because technology can contribute to economic growth and productivity increases, congressional interest has focused on how to augment private-sector technological development.
Date: December 28, 2000
Creator: Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, December 3, 2001 (open access)

Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, December 3, 2001

This report discusses contribution of technological advancement to economic growth and productivity increases. Because technology can contribute to economic growth and productivity increases, congressional interest has focused on how to augment private-sector technological development.
Date: December 3, 2001
Creator: Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Internet Transactions and the Sales Tax (open access)

Internet Transactions and the Sales Tax

This report is an introduction to the economics of electronic commerce and its potential impact on sales and use tax collections. Presently, 45 states (and the District of Columbia) require that retail outlets add a fixed percentage to the sales price of all taxable items (inclusive of federally imposed excise taxes).
Date: December 12, 2000
Creator: Maguire, Steven
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Salaries of Members of Congress: A List of Payable Rates and Effective Dates, 1789-2003 (open access)

Salaries of Members of Congress: A List of Payable Rates and Effective Dates, 1789-2003

This report summarizes by what measures the Constitution requires Congress to determine its own pay, the annual payment adjustment procedure, changes in pay over time since 1789, and related legislation.
Date: December 1, 2003
Creator: Dwyer, Paul E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Palestinians and Middle East Peace: Issues for the United States (open access)

Palestinians and Middle East Peace: Issues for the United States

The United States began contacts with the PalestineLiberationOrganization (PLO)in December 1988, after the PLO accepted Israel’s right to exist, accepted U.N. Resolutions 242 and 338 that call for an exchange of land for peace, and renounced terrorism. The United States continues its contacts with the PLO and the Palestinian Authority elected in January 1996 and is an active broker in the continuing Middle East peace process.
Date: December 5, 2001
Creator: Mark, Clyde R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arms Control and Strategic Nuclear Weapons: Unilateral vs. Bilateral Reductions (open access)

Arms Control and Strategic Nuclear Weapons: Unilateral vs. Bilateral Reductions

This report discusses changing U.S. policy and priorities in regards to arms control. The report compares the various strengths and weaknesses of unilateral and bilateral approaches to arms reduction.
Date: December 17, 2001
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Child Support Enforcement: New Reforms and Potential Issues (open access)

Child Support Enforcement: New Reforms and Potential Issues

This report describes several aspects of the revised CSE program and discusses three issues that probably will be reexamined by the 107th Congress — CSE financing, parental access by noncustodial parents, and distribution of support payments.
Date: December 13, 2002
Creator: Solomon-Fears, Carmen
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Homeland Security - Reducing the Vulnerability of Public and Private Information Infrastructures to Terrorism: An Overview (open access)

Homeland Security - Reducing the Vulnerability of Public and Private Information Infrastructures to Terrorism: An Overview

This report assesses the impact of September 11, 2001 attack on public and private information infrastructures in the context of critical infrastructure protection,continuity of operation (COP) and homeland security.
Date: December 12, 2002
Creator: Seifert, Jeffrey W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
HIV/AIDS International Programs: Appropriations, FY2003-FY2005 (open access)

HIV/AIDS International Programs: Appropriations, FY2003-FY2005

This report discusses about US International HIV/AIDS Programs, HIV/AIDS in the foreign operations Appropriations, Labor/HHS Appropriations and other appropriations.
Date: December 1, 2004
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Asset Distribution of Taxable Estates: An Analysis (open access)

Asset Distribution of Taxable Estates: An Analysis

This report provides data on the distribution of assets in taxable estates that filed returns in 1998. The report also offers a brief overview of the estate and gift tax and "The Death Tax Elimination Act of 2000," which was passed in the 106th Congress and vetoed. This report finds that farm and business assets represent a small share of the total value of taxable estate tax returns filed in 1998. For an overview of estate tax, see CRS Report RL30600, Estate and Gift Taxes: Economic Issues, by Jane G. Gravelle and Steven Maguire. This report will be updated as new data becomes available.
Date: December 7, 2000
Creator: Maguire, Steven
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Telemarketing: Dealing With Unwanted Telemarketing Calls (open access)

Telemarketing: Dealing With Unwanted Telemarketing Calls

This report provides summaries of the federal laws and regulations particular to telemarketing, the establishment of a national do-not-call registry, and the options that are available to consumers to limit the calls that they receive from telemarketers and to report questionable telemarketing practices to local or federal authorities. The report also lists sources of additional information with addresses, phone numbers, and Internet sites (if available).
Date: December 30, 2002
Creator: Riehl, James R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
International Conflict and Property Rights: Fifth Amendment "Takings" Issues (open access)

International Conflict and Property Rights: Fifth Amendment "Takings" Issues

This report discusses the international conflict and property rights. After the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and Pentagon has raised the possibility of responses by the United States that impinge on private property, and, in turn, the possibility of claims under the Fifth Amendment Takings Clause.
Date: December 5, 2001
Creator: Meltz, Robert
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Social Security: Report of the President's Commission to Strengthen Social Security (open access)

Social Security: Report of the President's Commission to Strengthen Social Security

This report describes the Commission’s three reform plans. The first plan would make no other changes to the program. The second plan would slow the growth of Social Security through one major provision that would index initial benefits to prices rather than wages. The third plan would slow future program growth through a variety of measures.
Date: December 21, 2001
Creator: Nuschler, Dawn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A CRS Review of 10 States: Home and Community-Based Services — States Seek to Change the Face of Long-Term Care: Indiana (open access)

A CRS Review of 10 States: Home and Community-Based Services — States Seek to Change the Face of Long-Term Care: Indiana

Many states have devoted significant efforts to respond to the desire for home and community-based care for persons with disabilities and their families. Nevertheless, financing of nursing home care, chiefly by Medicaid, still dominates most states’ spending for long-term care today. To assist Congress in understanding issues that states face in providing long-term care services, the Congressional Research Service (CRS) undertook a study of 10 states in 2002. This report, one in a series of 10 state reports, presents background and analysis about long-term care in Indiana.
Date: December 15, 2003
Creator: Tilly, Jane; O'Shaughnessy, Carol & Weissert, Rob
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Transportation Security: Issues for the 109th Congress (open access)

Transportation Security: Issues for the 109th Congress

The nation’s air, land, and marine transportation systems are designed for accessibility and efficiency, two characteristics that make them highly vulnerable to a terrorist attacks. While hardening the transportation sector from terrorist attacks is difficult, reasonable measures can be taken to deter terrorists. The focus of this issue brief is how best to construct and finance a system of deterrence, protection, and response that effectively reduces the possibility and consequences of another terrorist attack without unduly interfering with travel, commerce, and civil liberties.
Date: December 21, 2004
Creator: Elias, Bartholomew; Frittelli, John F. & Peterman, David Randall
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library