The purpose of this CRADA was to use Honeywell's experience in low temperature cofire ceramics and traditional ceramics to assemble a relatively low-cost, mass-producible miniature mass analyzer. The specific design, given to us by Mass Sensors, LLC, was used to test for helium. The direct benefit for the participant was to have a prototype unit assembled for the purpose of proof of concept and the ability to secure venture capital investors. From that, the company would begin producing their own product for sale. The consumer/taxpayer benefits come from the wide variety of industries that can utilize this technology to improve quality of life. Medical industry can use this technology to improve diagnostic ability; manufacturing industry can use it for improved air, water, and soil monitoring to minimize pollution; and the law enforcement community can use this technology for identification of substances. These are just a few examples of the benefit of this technology. The benefits to DOE were in the area of process improvement for cofire and ceramic materials. From this project we demonstrated nonlinear thickfilm fine lines and spaces that were 5-mil wide with 5-mil spaces; determined height-to diameter-ratios for punched and filled via holes; demonstrated the ability to …

The recent successful commissioning and operation [1] of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) requires the injection of gold ions of specified energy and intensity with longitudinal and transverse emittances small enough to meet the luminosity requirements of the collider. Ion beams with the desired characteristics are provided by a series of three accelerators, the Tandem, Booster and AGS. The current status and recent performance of these accelerators are reviewed in this paper.

Excellent progress has been made in the operation of the BNL Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS), which is a prototype for an EBIS that could meet requirements for a RHIC preinjector. We have achieved very stable operation of the electron beam at 10 A through the EBIS trap. At 7 A electron beam current, 2.8 x 10{sup 11} charges have been extracted in short pulses from ionization of residual gas, exceeding our goal for yield for the corresponding trap capacity. The EBIS has been operated very successfully with Xe gas injection, and external injection of Cs and Au ions, where the expected yields and charge-state distributions were measured.

The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) was commissioned in 1999 and 2000. RHIC requires power supplies to supply currents to highly inductive superconducting magnets. The RHIC Insertion Region (IR) contains many shunt power supplies to trim the current of different magnet elements in a large superconducting magnet circuit. There are a total of 237 Insertion Region power supplies in both RHIC rings. RHIC also requires sextupole power supplies. One sextupole power supply is connected across 12 sextupole magnets. There are a total of 24 sextupole power supplies in both rings. Snake magnets are also a part of the RHIC ring, and these snake magnets also require power supplies. There shall be a total of 24 snake power supplies in both rings. Power supply technology, connections, control systems and interfacing with the Quench Protection System will be presented.

The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) was commissioned in 1999 and 2000. RHIC requires power supplies to supply currents to highly inductive superconducting magnets. The RHIC Insertion Region contain's many shunt power supplies to trim the current of different magnet elements in a large superconducting magnet circuit. Power Supply current error measurements were performed during the commissioning of RHIC. Models of these power supply systems were produced to predict and improve these power supply current errors using the circuit analysis program MicroCap V by Spectrum Software (TM). Results of the power supply current errors are presented from the models and from the measurements performed during the commissioning of RHIC.

This report discusses certain provisions of law that commonly are known as "fast-track" or expedited procedures.

This report discusses certain provisions of law that commonly are known as “fast-track” or expedited procedures. They are so labeled because these statutory provisions contain special legislative procedures that apply to one or both houses of Congress and that expedite, or put on a fast track, congressional consideration of a certain measure or a narrowly defined class of measures. This report first presents the nature, purpose, and elements of fast-track procedures. Then the report discusses some of the most important ways in which these procedures differ from the normal procedures of the House and Senate and, therefore, how the use of expedited procedures can affect the legislative process in Congress.

In accelerators, due to quadrupole roll errors and solenoid fields, the polarized proton acceleration often encounters coupling spin resonances. In the Brookhaven AGS, the coupling effect comes from the solenoid partial snake which is used to overcome imperfection resonances. The coupling spin resonance strength is proportional to the amount of coupling as well as the strength of the corresponding intrinsic spin resonance. The coupling resonance can cause substantial beam polarization loss if its corresponding intrinsic spin resonance is very strong. A new method of using an horizontal rf dipole to induce a full spin flip crossing both the intrinsic and its coupling spin resonances is studied in the Brookhaven's AGS. Numerical simulations show that a full spin flip can be induced after crossing the two resonances by using a horizontal rf dipole to induce a large vertical coherent oscillation.

In accelerators, due to quadrupole roll errors and solenoid fields, the polarized proton acceleration often encounters coupling spin resonances. In the Brookhaven AGS, the coupling effect comes from the solenoid partial snake which is used to overcome imperfection resonances. The coupling spin resonance strength is proportional to the amount of coupling as well as the strength of the corresponding intrinsic spin resonance. The coupling resonance can cause substantial beam polarization loss if its corresponding intrinsic spin resonance is very strong. A new method of using an horizontal rf dipole to induce a full spin flip crossing both the intrinsic and its coupling spin resonances is studied in the Brookhaven's AGS. Numerical simulations show that a full spin flip can be induced after crossing the two resonances by using a horizontal rf dipole to induce a large vertical coherent oscillation.

Resonance driving terms can be derived from the frequency analysis of turn-by-turn betatron oscillation data. This paper demonstrates that the same information can also be drawn from the spectral analysis of a driven oscillation adiabatically excited by an rf dipole. The advantage of this method is that a large betatron oscillation amplitude can be sustained without loosing the coherence signal. The frequency spectrum of the driven oscillation is composed of multiples of the rf dipole modulation frequency which can be interpreted as resonance driving terms. This analysis has been applied to the data taken at the Brookhaven AGS. The adiabatically excited coherent oscillation is also very useful in measuring the betatron tune parasitically. The data taken during the AGS high intensity proton program is also presented.

Resonance driving terms can be derived from the frequency analysis of turn-by-turn betatron oscillation data. This paper demonstrates that the same information can also be drawn from the spectral analysis of a driven oscillation adiabatically excited by an rf dipole. The advantage of this method is that a large betatron oscillation amplitude can be sustained without loosing the coherence signal. The frequency spectrum of the driven oscillation is composed of multiples of the rf dipole modulation frequency which can be interpreted as resonance driving terms. This analysis has been applied to the data taken at the Brookhaven AGS. The adiabatically excited coherent oscillation is also very useful in measuring the betatron tune parasitically. The data taken during the AGS high intensity proton program is also presented.

At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), polarized protons will be accelerated and stored for spin physics experiments. Two full helical snakes will be used to eliminate the depolarization due to imperfection and intrinsic spin resonances. Since no resonances are crossed in RHIC, the beam polarization remains fixed through acceleration. However, in order to reduce systematic errors, the experiment often requires the polarization direction reversed. This paper presents a method of using an ac dipole to obtain a full spin flip in the presence of two full snakes [1]. A similar method of using an rf solenoid for spin flip was tested at IUCF [2,3].

At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), polarized protons will be accelerated and stored for spin physics experiments. Two full helical snakes will be used to eliminate the depolarization due to imperfection and intrinsic spin resonances. Since no resonances are crossed in RHIC, the beam polarization remains fixed through acceleration. However, in order to reduce systematic errors, the experiment often requires the polarization direction reversed. This paper presents a method of using an ac dipole to obtain a full spin flip in the presence of two full snakes [1]. A similar method of using an rf solenoid for spin flip was tested at IUCF [2,3].

Two ac dipoles with vertical and horizontal magnetic field have been proposed at RHIC for applications in linear and non-linear beam dynamics and spin manipulations. A magnetic field amplitude of 380 Gm is required to produce a coherent oscillation of 5 times the rms beam size at the top energy. We take the ac dipole frequency to be 1.0% of the revolution frequency away from the betatron frequency. To achieve the strong magnetic field with minimum power loss, an air-core magnet with two seven turn winding of low loss Litz wire resonating at 64 kHz is designed. The system is also designed to allow one to connect the two magnet winding in series to resonate at 37 kHz for the spin manipulation. Measurements of a half length prototype magnet are also presented.

Two ac dipoles with vertical and horizontal magnetic field have been proposed at RHIC for applications in linear and non-linear beam dynamics and spin manipulations. A magnetic field amplitude of 380 Gm is required to produce a coherent oscillation of 5 times the rms beam size at the top energy. We take the ac dipole frequency to be 1.0% of the revolution frequency away from the betatron frequency. To achieve the strong magnetic field with minimum power loss, an air-core magnet with two seven turn winding of low loss Litz wire resonating at 64 kHz is designed. The system is also designed to allow one to connect the two magnet winding in series to resonate at 37 kHz for the spin manipulation. Measurements of a half length prototype magnet are also presented.

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This report examines the purposes, language, and legislative history of the act in order to analyze its effects on federal and state water rights.

Summaries of paper: Emission requirements dictate vehicle update cycles; Packaging, performance and cost impacted; Styling updates can be integrated; Opportunity to integrate features and performance; Non-uniform regulations challenge resources; and Customers won't expect to pay more or receive less.

Optimizing transverse particle distributions in the accumulator ring is one of most important factors to the future performance of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) [l]. This can only be achieved by optimizing the injection bumps that paint the beam in phase space. The process is complex due to the vague distribution inputs and the multiple optimization goals. Furthermore, the priority of the optimization criteria could change at different operational stages. We propose optimizing transverse phase space painting with fuzzy logic and present our initial studies toward that end. The focus of this paper is on how the problem can be solved with a Fuzzy Logic (FL) expert system through the creation of a set of rules that can be applied by the system. Various particle distributions, from computer simulations, are analyzed with FL and the results are compared and discussed. Finally, a run-time optimization control system is proposed.

We are reporting the results of studies on issues related to the injection stripping foil in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accumulator ring. The problems related to foil heating and foil lifetime, such as current density distribution and temperature distribution in the foil, are investigated. The impact of injection errors on the beam losses at the foil is studied. The particle traversal rate and the beam losses due to scattering in the foil are summarized. Finally, SNS end-to-end simulation results of the foil-missing rate, the foil-hitting rate and the maximum foil temperature are presented.

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We introduce plans for electron-cooling of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). This project has a number of new features as electron coolers go: It will cool 100 GeV/nucleon ions with 50 MeV electrons; it will be the first attempt to cool a collider at storage-energy; and it will be the first cooler to use a bunched beam and a linear accelerator as the electron source. The linac will be superconducting with energy recovery. The electron source will be based on a photocathode gun. The project is carried out by the Collider-Accelerator Department at BNL in collaboration with the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics.

The emittance of a muon beam must be reduced very rapidly due to the finite lifetime of the muons. The most effective known way to accomplish this is ionization cooling. It is straightforward to reduce transverse emittance through ionization cooling, but the reducing the longitudinal emittance is more challenging. Longitudinal cooling is necessary for a muon collider, and would be helpful for a neutrino factory. The method traditionally proposed for longitudinal cooling is emittance exchange involving wedges of absorber material: the longitudinal emittance is reduced at the cost of increased transverse emittance. The larger transverse emittance can then be reduced straightforwardly. An alternative method is proposed here, which does not require wedges of material but instead makes slight modifications to the standard transverse cooling lattice. We demonstrate a lattice which is a slight modification to a standard Super FOFO transverse cooling lattice, which has linear eigenvalues all of which have magnitude less than one.