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Spectroscopy, structure, and energy transfer of transient radicals in combustion Period: 4/15/04-12/31/06 PI: Hai-Lung Dai, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 dai@sas.upenn.edu A newly developed approach based on nanosecond time resolved Fourier Transform IR Emission Spectroscopy (TR-FTIRES) has been applied to the investigation of the spectroscopy and structure of unknown transient radicals that are important in combustion processes. Several radicals including deuterated-vinyl, cyanooxomethyl (OCCN) and ketenyl (HCCO) whose vibrational structure has not been determined have been examined. The transient radical species is produced with high vibrational excitation through UV photolysis of a precursor molecule. The IR emission from the highly excited species through its IR active vibrational modes is detected with fast time resolution using the TR-FTIR technique. A new two-dimensional cross-spectra correlation technique has been developed for analyzing the time-resolved FTIR emission spectra. This analysis reveals the common set of emission bands from the same target radical in the emission spectra obtained using different precursors. The spectroscopic approach also allows the reactions of the excited radical and the photolysis reaction of the precursor molecules to be characterized. All these information are fundamentally important to the understanding of chemical dynamics of radicals as well as the combustion …

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The electron cloud effect (ECE) causes beam instabilities in accelerator structures with intense positively charged bunched beams. Reduction of the secondary electron yield (SEY) of the beam pipe inner wall is effective in controlling cloud formation. We summarize SEY results obtained from flat TiN, TiZrV and Al surfaces carried out in a laboratory environment. SEY was measured after thermal conditioning, as well as after low energy, less than 300 eV, particle exposure.

The Cs adsorption on InP(100) surface is studied with Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The charge transfer from Cs to the InP substrate is observed from the Cs induced In4d and P2p components, and this charge transfer results in surface dipole formation and lowering of the work function. The Cs4d intensity saturates at coverage of one monolayer (ML). However, a break point is observed at 0.5 ML, which coincides with the achievement of the minimum work function. This break point is due to the different vertical placement of the first and the second half monolayer of Cs atoms. Based on this information, a simple bi-layer structure for the Cs layer is presented. This bi-layer structure is consistent with the behavior of the charge transfer from the Cs to the InP substrate at different Cs coverages. This, in turn, explains why the work function decreases to a minimum at 0.5 ML of Cs and remains almost constant beyond this coverage. The depolarization of the surface dipoles is attributed to the saturation of charge transfer to the surface In atoms and the polarization of the Cs atoms in the second half monolayer induced by the positively charged Cs atoms in the first half …

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A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

The HPC community is preparing to deploy petaflop-scale computing platforms that may include hundreds of thousands to millions of computational cores over the next 3 years. Such explosive growth in concurrency creates daunting challenges for the design and implementation of the I/O system. In this work, we first analyzed the I/O practices and requirements of current HPC applications and used them as criteria to select a subset of microbenchmarks that reflect the workload requirements. Our analysis led to selection of IOR, an I/O benchmark developed by LLNL for the ASCI Purple procurement, as our tool to study the I/O performance on two HPC platforms. We selected parameterizations for IOR that match the requirements of key I/O intensive applications to assess its fidelity in reproducing their performance characteristics.

This report provides an overview of the political conditions and U.S. policy in Venezuela.

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Using advanced systems and trained specialists located in 122 weather forecast offices throughout the country, the National Weather Service (NWS) provides storm and flood warnings and weather forecasts to protect life and property and to enhance the national economy. To improve the efficiency of its operations, in November 2006, NWS approved an effort to develop a prototype of an alternative way of operating. Under this prototype, weather forecasting offices would share selected responsibilities. GAO (1) determined the status of and plans for the prototype, (2) evaluated whether the prototype's justification was sufficient, (3) determined whether NWS's plans to evaluate the prototype are adequate, (4) evaluated whether NWS is sufficiently involving stakeholders in its prototype plans, and (5) determined how NWS plans to ensure that there will be no degradation of service during and after the prototype. To do so, GAO analyzed agency documentation and interviewed program officials and stakeholders."

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1,2-Hydroxypyridinones (1,2-HOPO) form very stable lanthanide complexes that may be useful as contrast agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). X-ray diffraction of single crystals established that the solid state structures of the Eu(III) and the previously reported [Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 5452] Gd(III) complex are identical. The recently discovered sensitizing properties of 1,2-HOPO chelates for Eu(III) luminescence allow direct measurement of the number if water molecules in the metal complex. Fluorescence measurements of the Eu(III) complex corroborate that in solution two water molecules coordinate the lanthanide (q = 2) as proposed from the analysis of NMRD profiles. In addition, fluorescence measurements have verified the anion binding interactions of lanthanide TREN-1,2-HOPO complexes in solution, studied by relaxivity, revealing only very weak oxalate binding (K{sub A} = 82.7 {+-} 6.5 M{sup -1}). Solution thermodynamic studies of the metal complex and free ligand have been carried out using potentiometry, spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. The metal ion selectivity of TREN-1,2-HOPO supports the feasibility of using 1,2-HOPO ligands for selective lanthanide binding [pGd = 19.3 (2); pZn = 15.2 (2), pCa = 8.8 (3)].

Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to allowing a student receiving special education services to participate in a graduation ceremony after the fourth year of high school.

Bill introduced by the Texas House of Representatives relating to issuance and renewal of a driver's license of an elderly person.

Bill introduced by the Texas House of Representatives relating to the acquisition of certain automated external defibrillators.

Bill introduced by the Texas House of Representatives relating to condemnation of historical sites at the direction of the Commission of Control for Texas Centennial Celebrations.

Bill introduced by the Texas House of Representatives relating to Celebrate Freedom Week in public schools.

Bill introduced by the Texas House of Representatives relating to publication of the annual financial statement by a school district.

Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to the qualifications to serve as an associate judge in certain family law proceedings.

Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to providing that a municipality may allow a municipal fire marshal or arson investigator to travel in an unmarked municipal vehicle when performing official duties.

Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to the submission of annual reports by farm mutual insurance companies.

Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to the regulation of consumer debt management services.

Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to regulation of emissions from residential water heaters.

The kinetic nonlinear dispersion relation, and frequency shift {delta}{omega}{sub srs}, of a plasma wave driven by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) are presented. Our theoretical calculations are fully electromagnetic, and use an adiabatic expression for the electron susceptibility which accounts for the change in phase velocity as the wave grows. When k{lambda}{sub D} {approx}> 0.35 (k being the plasma wave number and {lambda}{sub D} the Debye length), {delta}{omega}{sub srs} is significantly larger than could be inferred by assuming that the wave is freely propagating. Our theory is in excellent agreement with 1-D Eulerian Vlasov-Maxwell simulations when 0.3 {le} k{lambda}{sub D} {le} 0.58, and allows discussion of previously proposed mechanisms for Raman saturation. In particular, we find that no 'loss of resonance' of the plasma wave would limit the Raman growth rate, and that saturation through a phase detuning between the plasma wave and the laser drive is mitigated by wave number shifts.