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CRS Issue Briefs
69
109th Congress
23
107th Congress
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108th Congress
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110th Congress
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111th Congress
9
Fiscal Year 2007
5
106th Congress
4
Fiscal Year 2000
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Restoring Sustainable Forests on Appalachian Mined Lands for Wood Products, Renewable Energy, Carbon Sequestration, and Other Ecosystems Services Quarterly Report
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Design and Development of Selective Extractants for An/Ln Separations
This study has succeeded in further developing phosphinoylmethyl pyridine compounds as selective recognition and separations agents for trivalent lanthanide and actinide ions present in nuclear materials. The parameters for efficient separations have been further elucidated and factors important to further development have been identified. Further development will lead to optimal extractant design for effective actinide ion partitioning under process practical conditions. The primary objective of the project involved the design, synthesis, and characterization of the extraction performance of 2,6-bis(phosphinomethyl)pyridine N,P,P{prime}-trioxides (NOPOPO) as potential reagents for the separation of Am, Cm, and fission product lanthanides from other transuranics and fission products and for acting as a separations 'platform' for the mutual separation of Am/Cm from the lanthanides. The secondary but critical objective of the project focused on the characterization of aqueous acid and radiation stability of NOPOPO ligands. Further, the project served as a interdisciplinary training vehicle for new, young investigators in actinide separations chemistry.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Paine, Robert T.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Endangered Species Act (ESA) in the 111th Congress: Conflicting Values and Difficult Choices
The Endangered Species Act has been one of the more contentious environmental laws. This may stem from its strict substantive provisions, which can affect the use of both federal and nonfederal lands and resources. This report discusses oversight issues and legislation introduced in the 11th Congress to address Endangered Species Act implementation and management of endangered and threatened species.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H.; Corn, M. Lynne; Sheikh, Pervaze A.; Meltz, Robert & Alexander, Kristina
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Financial Management Systems: DHS Faces Challenges to Successfully Consolidating Its Existing Disparate Systems
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In June 2007, GAO reported that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) had made little progress in integrating its existing financial management systems and made six recommendations focused on the need for DHS to define a departmentwide strategy and embrace disciplined processes. In June 2007, DHS announced its new financial management systems strategy, called the Transformation and Systems Consolidation (TASC) program. House Report No. 110-862 directed GAO to determine whether DHS had implemented GAO's prior recommendations. GAO also assessed whether there were additional issues that pose unnecessary risks to the successful implementation of the TASC program. GAO reviewed relevant documentation, such as the January 2009 request for proposal and its attachments, and interviewed key officials to obtain additional information."
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gangs in Central America
This report describes the gang problem in Central America, discusses country and regional approaches to deal with the gangs, and analyzes U.S. policy with respect to gangs in Central America.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Seelke, Clare Ribando
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Medicare Program Changes in the Senate Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute to H.R. 3590
None
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
PEP Run Report for Integrated Test A, Caustic Leaching in UFP-VSL-T01A, Oxidative Leaching in UFP-VSL-T02A
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) was tasked by Bechtel National Inc. (BNI) on the River Protection Project-Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (RPP-WTP) project to perform research and development activities to resolve technical issues identified for the Pretreatment Facility (PTF). The Pretreatment Engineering Platform (PEP) was designed and constructed and operated as part of a plan to respond to issue M12, “Undemonstrated Leaching Processes.”(a) The PEP, located in the Process Engineering Laboratory-West (PDLW) located in Richland, Washington, is a 1/4.5-scale test platform designed to simulate the WTP pretreatment caustic leaching, oxidative leaching, ultrafiltration solids concentration, and slurry washing processes. The PEP replicates the WTP leaching processes using prototypic equipment and control strategies. The PEP also includes non-prototypic ancillary equipment to support the core processing.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Guzman-Leong, Consuelo E.; Bredt, Ofelia P.; Burns, Carolyn A.; Daniel, Richard C.; Su, Yin-Fong; Geeting, John GH et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
quantifying and Predicting Reactive Transport
This project was led by Dr. Jiamin Wan at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Peter Burns provided expertise in uranium mineralogy and in identification of uranium minerals in test materials. Dr. Wan conducted column tests regarding uranium transport at LBNL, and samples of the resulting columns were sent to Dr. Burns for analysis. Samples were analyzed for uranium mineralogy by X-ray powder diffraction and by scanning electron microscopy, and results were provided to Dr. Wan for inclusion in the modeling effort. Full details of the project can be found in Dr. Wan's final reports for the associated effort at LBNL.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Burns, Peter C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Scientific/Technical Report Bioenergetics Research Initiative Award number-DE-FG02-05ER64092
General Project Overview and Final Technical Report This equipment grant was utilized to enhance the infrastructure of the Human Performance Laboratory at Ball State University. The laboratories primary focus is human based exercise physiology conducting research in the areas of sports performance, aging and exercise, unloading (space flight and bed rest), pediatric exercise and clinical exercise physiology. The main equipment supported by this grant was an ultrasound unit for cardiac and skeletal muscle imaging at the whole organ level, microscope system for micro imaging of skeletal muscle tissue, running treadmill for energy expenditure assessment, autoclave for sterilization, and upgrade to our dual x‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) system that was utilized for body composition measurements. The equipment was involved in several human metabolic and skeletal muscle research projects as highlighted above. In particular, this equipment served a support role for other large‐scale clinical projects funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and corporate sponsors.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Trappe, Scott A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TMTI Task 1.6 Genetic Engineering Methods and Detection
A large number of GE techniques can be adapted from other microorganisms to biothreat bacteria and viruses. Detection of GE in a microorganism increases in difficulty as the size of the genetic change decreases. In addition to the size of the engineered change, the consensus genomic sequence of the microorganism can impact the difficulty of detecting an engineered change in genomes that are highly variable from strain to strain. This problem will require comprehensive databases of whole genome sequences for more genetically variable biothreat bacteria and viruses. Preliminary work with microarrays for detecting synthetic elements or virulence genes and analytic bioinformatic approaches for whole genome sequence comparison to detect genetic engineering show promise for attacking this difficult problem but a large amount of future work remains.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Slezak, T.; Lenhoff, R.; Allen, J.; Borucki, M.; Vitalis, E. & Gardner, S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel
This report provides an overview of U.S. foreign assistance to Israel. It includes a review of past aid programs, data on annual assistance, and an analysis of current issues.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Sharp, Jeremy M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
United Nations System Funding: Congressional Issues
This report tracks the process by which Congress provides the funding for U.S. assessed contributions to the regular budgets of the United Nations, its agencies, and U.N. peacekeeping operation accounts, as well as for U.S. voluntary contributions to U.N. system programs and funds. It includes information on the President's request and the congressional response, as well as congressional initiatives during this legislative process. Basic information is provided to help the reader understand this process.
Date:
December 4, 2009
Creator:
Browne, Marjorie Ann & Nakamura, Kennon H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA): Background, Programs, and Funding
This report begins with discussion of the issue and scope of child abuse and neglect, followed by a discussion of the manner and scope of the work of the child protective services (CPS) agency in receiving and responding to allegations of child abuse or neglect, and then looks at some identified risk factors for poor child and family outcomes among all children in families investigated for abuse or neglect.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Stoltzfus, Emilie
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change: EU and Proposed U.S. Approaches to Carbon Leakage and WTO Implications
This report discusses climate change and issues related to carbon leakage by examining the European Union's (EU's) cap-and-trade program with a review and analysis of various EU efforts to address the concerns of energy-intensive, trade-exposed industries. Additionally, it considers similar provisions enacted or proposed by the U.S. and analyzes potential World Trade Organization (WTO) implications in relation to U.S. trade agreements.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Parker, Larry & Grimmett, Jeanne J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Consumers and Food Price Inflation
The heightened commodity price volatility of 2008 and the subsequent acceleration in U.S. food price inflation raised concerns and generated many questions about farm and food price movements by Members of Congress and their constituents. This report responds to those concerns by addressing the nature and measurement of retail food price inflation.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Schnepf, Randy & Richardson, Joe
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cooperative R&D: Federal Efforts to Promote Industrial Competitiveness
This report provides background and rationale on collaborative R&D, and discusses federal initiative in cooperative R&D.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Schacht, Wendy H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electoral College Reform: 111th Congress Proposals and Other Current Developments
This report examines and analyzes alternative proposals for change to the electoral college system, presents pro and con arguments, and identifies and analyzes 111th Congress proposals and contemporary alternative reform developments.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Neale, Thomas H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Budget: Current and Upcoming Issues
This report provides information about The Current and Upcoming Issues on Federal Budget. The Federal Budget implements congress's " power of the purse".
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Austin, D. Andrew & Levit, Mindy R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Functional Evaluation of the DOZA DKG-05D Electronic Dosimeter System
The DOZA DKG-05D electronic personal dosimeter (EPD) was the subject of a limited type-test evaluation in support of Plutonium Production Reactor Agreement (PPRA) Implementation. The primary goal of this evaluation was to provide confidence in the functionality of the dosimeter and identify potential weaknesses in PPRA applications. The tests were based on IEC-61526, recommendations of the International Electrotechnical Commission pertaining to EPDs. All tests were performed in Pacific Northwest National Laboratory’s (PNNL) Radiological Calibrations and Standards Facility in the 318 building. The first testing category was functional considerations. The tests found that the mechanical characteristics of the DKG-05D support usability. However, user controls are not intuitive and straightforward, and the user instructions were unclear and difficult to follow. The unit functioned in a variety of humidity conditions. In high temperature conditions it performed well. However, in cold conditions the display began to fade, which limits its usefulness below about 5 °C. The vendor claims that the unit functions to -20 °C, and it may be correctly recording doses at that low temperature, but the doses cannot be read in real time. Testing found that battery life is generally good, operating for 200 hours on a full charge. This is far …
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Piper, Roman K. & Scherpelz, Robert I.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 111th Congress
This report discusses Congressional debate of comprehensive immigration reform and other immigration-related issues that have seen legislative action or are of significant congressional interest.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Bruno, Andorra; Ester, Karma; Haddal, Chad C.; Kim, Yule; Lee, Margaret Mikyung; Siskin, Alison et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Income of Americans Aged 65 and Older, 1968 to 2008
This report presents data collected by the Census Bureau in the Current Population Survey from 1969 through 2009 about the employment status and the sources and amounts of income received by people aged 65 and older.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Purcell, Patrick
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Waste Management: Key Attributes, Challenges, and Costs for the Yucca Mountain Repository and Two Potential Alternatives
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "High-level nuclear waste--one of the nation's most hazardous substances--is accumulating at 80 sites in 35 states. The United States has generated 70,000 metric tons of nuclear waste and is expected to generate 153,000 metric tons by 2055. The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, as amended, requires the Department of Energy (DOE) to dispose of the waste in a geologic repository at Yucca Mountain, about 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. However, the repository is more than a decade behind schedule, and the nuclear waste generally remains at the commercial nuclear reactor sites and DOE sites where it was generated. This report examines the key attributes, challenges, and costs of the Yucca Mountain repository and the two principal alternatives to a repository that nuclear waste management experts identified: storing the nuclear waste at two centralized locations and continuing to store the waste on site where it was generated. GAO developed models of total cost ranges for each alternative using component cost estimates provided by the nuclear waste management experts. However, GAO did not compare these alternatives because of significant differences in their inherent characteristics that …
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sick Leave: Usage Rates and Leave Balances for Employees in Major Federal Retirement Systems
None
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Standard Measurement & Verification Plan for Lighting Equipment Retrofit or Replacement Projects
This document provides a framework for a standard Measurement and Verification (M&V) plan for lighting projects. It was developed to support cost-effective retrofits (partial and complete replacements) of lighting systems and is intended to provide a foundation for an M&V plan for a lighting retrofit utilizing a "best practice" approach, and to provide guidance to site owners, contractors, and other involved organizations on what is essential for a robust M&V plan for lighting projects. This document provides examples of appropriate elements of an M&V plan, including the calculation of expected energy savings. The standard M&V plan, as provided, also allows for consistent comparison with other similar lighting projects. Although intended for lighting retrofit applications, M&V plans developed per this framework document may also be used for other non-lighting technology retrofits and new installations.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Richman, Eric E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Overview and Issues
This report discusses the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) of 1986, which was enacted to improve absentee registration and voting for this group of voters and to consolidate existing laws.
Date:
November 4, 2009
Creator:
Coleman, Kevin J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library