Income and Poverty Among Older Americans in 2008 (open access)

Income and Poverty Among Older Americans in 2008

This report describes the sources and amounts of income received by the 37.8 million Americans aged 65 and older who lived in non-institutional settings in 2008. The report also describes how the proportion of total income received from each source differs between high-income individuals and households and low-income individuals and households.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Purcell, Patrick
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Job Loss and Infrastructure Job Creation Spending During the Recession (open access)

Job Loss and Infrastructure Job Creation Spending During the Recession

This report takes an in-depth look at job creation estimates, including the limitations of the methodology often used to derive them and the difficulties associated with developing job estimates for green infrastructure in particular. The report views these topics in the context of the 2007-2008 recession and its aftermath.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Levine, Linda
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A multi-channel gel electrophoresis and continuous fraction collection apparatus for high throughput protein separation and characterization (open access)

A multi-channel gel electrophoresis and continuous fraction collection apparatus for high throughput protein separation and characterization

To facilitate a direct interface between protein separation by PAGE and protein identification by mass spectrometry, we developed a multichannel system that continuously collects fractions as protein bands migrate off the bottom of gel electrophoresis columns. The device was constructed using several short linear gel columns, each of a different percent acrylamide, to achieve a separation power similar to that of a long gradient gel. A Counter Free-Flow elution technique then allows continuous and simultaneous fraction collection from multiple channels at low cost. We demonstrate that rapid, high-resolution separation of a complex protein mixture can be achieved on this system using SDS-PAGE. In a 2.5 h electrophoresis run, for example, each sample was separated and eluted into 48-96 fractions over a mass range of 10-150 kDa; sample recovery rates were 50percent or higher; each channel was loaded with up to 0.3 mg of protein in 0.4 mL; and a purified band was eluted in two to three fractions (200 L/fraction). Similar results were obtained when running native gel electrophoresis, but protein aggregation limited the loading capacity to about 50 g per channel and reduced resolution.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Choi, Megan; Nordmeyer, Robert A.; Cornell, Earl; Dong, Ming; Biggin, Mark D. & Jin, Jian
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
On Skew-Symmetric Splitting and Entropy Conservation Schemes for the Euler Equations (open access)

On Skew-Symmetric Splitting and Entropy Conservation Schemes for the Euler Equations

None
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Sjogreen, B & Yee, H C
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Production of ra225 Precursor for ac225/bi213 Generators. Final Crada Report. (open access)

Production of ra225 Precursor for ac225/bi213 Generators. Final Crada Report.

Russian subcontractors shipped two small deliveries of Ra225 to PNNL for evaluation. The activity was close to the requisite amount in the subcontract. The first labeled properly; the second did not. This showed that the Russians could supply Ra225 to the US; however they proved unable to meet future demands for larger amounts of activity. The US DOE attempts to get Ra225 from Russian should be terminated; the Russians, under Rosatom, are not interested in this business.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Ehst, D. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Small Business Innovation Research Program (open access)

Small Business Innovation Research Program

None
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Supply of purified Th228 for Ra224 generators. Final CRADA Report . (open access)

Supply of purified Th228 for Ra224 generators. Final CRADA Report .

CRADA was terminated when it was determined that the Russians could not perform the terms of the subcontract. It became apparent that the Russians would not be a reliable source of Th228, as a precursor in the decay chain which leads to Ra224. Their government policies will prohibit the export of Th228 in quantities needed for commercial cancer therapy.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Ehst, D. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Technology development for Sr-89 production with 100kW medical isotope production system (MIPS-100). Final CRADA Report. (open access)

Technology development for Sr-89 production with 100kW medical isotope production system (MIPS-100). Final CRADA Report.

None
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Ehst, D. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Register, Volume 34, Number 40, Pages 6703-6912, October 02, 2009 (open access)

Texas Register, Volume 34, Number 40, Pages 6703-6912, October 02, 2009

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Texas. Secretary of State.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Theory of Electron-Ion Collisions (open access)

Theory of Electron-Ion Collisions

Collisions of electrons with atoms and ions play a crucial role in the modeling and diagnostics of fusion plasmas. In the edge and divertor regions of magnetically confined plasmas, data for the collisions of electrons with neutral atoms and low charge-state ions are of particular importance, while in the inner region, data on highly ionized species are needed. Since experimental measurements for these collisional processes remain very limited, data for such processes depend primarily on the results of theoretical calculations. Over the period of the present grant (January 2006 – August 2009), we have made additional improvements in our parallel scattering programs, generated data of direct fusion interest and made these data available on The Controlled Fusion Atomic Data Center Web site at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In addition, we have employed these data to do collsional-radiative modeling studies in support of a variety of experiments with magnetically confined fusion plasmas.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Griffin, Donald C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Using dissolved noble gas and isotopic tracers to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater resources in a small, high elevation catchment to predicted climate changes (open access)

Using dissolved noble gas and isotopic tracers to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater resources in a small, high elevation catchment to predicted climate changes

We use noble gas concentrations and multiple isotopic tracers in groundwater and stream water in a small high elevation catchment to provide a snapshot of temperature, altitude, and physical processes at the time of recharge; and to determine subsurface residence times of different groundwater components. They identify three sources that contribute to groundwater flow: (1) seasonal groundwater recharge with short travel times, (2) water from bedrock aquifers that have elevated radiogenic {sup 4}He, and (3) upwelling of deep fluids that have 'mantle' helium and hydrothermal carbon isotope signatures. Although a bimodal distribution in apparent groundwater age indicates that groundwater storage times range from less than a year to several decades, water that recharges seasonally is the largest likely contributor to stream baseflow. Under climate change scnearios with earlier snowmelt, the groundwater that moves through the alluvial aquifer seasonally will be depleted earlier, providing less baseflow and possible extreme low flows in the creek during summer and fall. Dissolved noble gas measurements indciate recharge temperatures are 5 to 11 degrees higher than would be expected for direct influx of snowmelt, and that excess air concentrations are lower than would be expected for recharge through bedrock fractures. Instead, recharge likely occurs over …
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: Singleton, M. J. & Moran, J. E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
VH-71/VXX Presidential Helicopter Program: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

VH-71/VXX Presidential Helicopter Program: Background and Issues for Congress

This report discusses the VH-71 program, which is intended to provide 23 new presidential helicopters to replace the current fleet of 19 aging presidential helicopters.
Date: October 2, 2009
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Argonne National Laboratory Site Environmental Report for Calendar Year 2008. (open access)

Argonne National Laboratory Site Environmental Report for Calendar Year 2008.

This report discusses the status and the accomplishments of the environmental protection program at Argonne National Laboratory for calendar year 2008. The status of Argonne environmental protection activities with respect to compliance with the various laws and regulations is discussed, along with the progress of environmental corrective actions and restoration projects. To evaluate the effects of Argonne operations on the environment, samples of environmental media collected on the site, at the site boundary, and off the Argonne site were analyzed and compared with applicable guidelines and standards. A variety of radionuclides were measured in air, surface water, on-site groundwater, and bottom sediment samples. In addition, chemical constituents in surface water, groundwater, and Argonne effluent water were analyzed. External penetrating radiation doses were measured, and the potential for radiation exposure to off-site population groups was estimated. Results are interpreted in terms of the origin of the radioactive and chemical substances (i.e., natural, fallout, Argonne, and other) and are compared with applicable environmental quality standards. A U.S. Department of Energy dose calculation methodology, based on International Commission on Radiological Protection recommendations and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's CAP-88 Version 3 (Clean Air Act Assessment Package-1988) computer code, was used in preparing this …
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Golchert, N. W.; Davis, T. M. & Moos, L. P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessment Context High-Level Overview of the WMA C Performance Assessment (open access)

Assessment Context High-Level Overview of the WMA C Performance Assessment

This report addresses the high-level overview of the WMA C performance assessment.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Connelly, M. P.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ballast Water Management to Combat Invasive Species (open access)

Ballast Water Management to Combat Invasive Species

This report provides background on various approaches to ballast water management and reviews current ballast water management laws and programs.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Buck, Eugene H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
CFD MODELING AND ANALYSIS FOR A-AREA AND H-AREA COOLING TOWERS (open access)

CFD MODELING AND ANALYSIS FOR A-AREA AND H-AREA COOLING TOWERS

Mechanical draft cooling towers are designed to cool process water via sensible and latent heat transfer to air. Heat and mass transfer take place simultaneously. Heat is transferred as sensible heat due to the temperature difference between liquid and gas phases, and as the latent heat of the water as it evaporates. Mass of water vapor is transferred due to the difference between the vapor pressure at the air-liquid interface and the partial pressure of water vapor in the bulk of the air. Equations to govern these phenomena are discussed here. The governing equations are solved by taking a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. The purpose of the work is to develop a three-dimensional CFD model to evaluate the flow patterns inside the cooling tower cell driven by cooling fan and wind, considering the cooling fans to be on or off. Two types of the cooling towers are considered here. One is cross-flow type cooling tower located in A-Area, and the other is counterflow type cooling tower located in H-Area. The cooling tower located in A-Area is mechanical draft cooling tower (MDCT) consisting of four compartment cells as shown in Fig. 1. It is 13.7m wide, 36.8m long, and 9.4m …
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Lee, S.; Garrett, A. & Bollinger, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIVIDUAL CHEMICAL REACTIONS CONSUMING ACID DURING NUCLEAR WASTE PROCESSING AT THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE - 136B (open access)

CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIVIDUAL CHEMICAL REACTIONS CONSUMING ACID DURING NUCLEAR WASTE PROCESSING AT THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE - 136B

Conversion of legacy radioactive high-level waste at the Savannah River Site into a stable glass waste form involves a chemical pretreatment process to prepare the waste for vitrification. Waste slurry is treated with nitric and formic acids to achieve certain goals. The total quantity of acid added to a batch of waste slurry is constrained by the catalytic activity of trace noble metal fission products in the waste that can convert formic acid into hydrogen gas at many hundreds of times the radiolytic hydrogen generation rate. A large block of experimental process simulations were performed to characterize the chemical reactions that consume acid prior to hydrogen generation. The analysis led to a new equation for predicting the quantity of acid required to process a given volume of waste slurry.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Koopman, D.; Pickenheim, B.; Lambert, D.; Newell, J. & Stone, M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Charm Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Reforming Module Final Technical Report (open access)

Charm Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Reforming Module Final Technical Report

Background Creation of a hydrogen infrastructure is an important prerequisite of widespread fuel cell commercialization, especially for the automotive market. Hydrogen is an attractive fuel since it offers an opportunity to replace petroleum-based fuels, but hydrogen occurs naturally only in chemical compounds like water or hydrocarbons that must be chemically converted to produce it. While an ultimate goal is to produce hydrogen through renewable energy sources, steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas is currently the most economical solution to initiate the transition to a hydrogen economy. Centralized hydrogen generation using large industrial SMR plants is already in place to serve customers. Yet, because of the weight and size of cylinders needed to contain hydrogen gas or liquid, transportation of hydrogen may only be economical for short distances. Consequently, distributed natural gas reforming, which trades off the economies of scale of large plants for simplified delivery logistics, is an attractive alternative that could address immediate problems with the lack of hydrogen infrastructure.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Pollica, Darryl; Cross, James C; Sharma, Atul; Shi, Yanlong; Clawson, Lawrence; O'Brien, Chris et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
"Don't Ask, Don't Tell": A Legal Analysis (open access)

"Don't Ask, Don't Tell": A Legal Analysis

In 1993, after many months of study, debate, and political controversy, Congress passed and President Clinton signed legislation establishing a revised "[p]olicy concerning homosexuality in the armed forces." The new legislation reflected a compromise regarding the U.S. military's policy toward members of the armed forces who engage in homosexual conduct. This compromise, colloquially referred to as "Don't Ask, Don't Tell (DADT)," holds that "[t]he presence in the armed forces of persons who demonstrate a propensity or intent to engage in homosexual acts would create an unacceptable risk to the high standards of morale, good order and discipline, and unit cohesion which are the essence of military capability." Service members are not to be asked about, nor allowed to discuss, their sexual orientation. This compromise notwithstanding, the issue has remained both politically and legally contentious. This report provides a legal analysis of the various constitutional challenges that have been brought against DADT.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Feder, Jody
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The effect of pi-stacking, h-bonding, and electrostatic interactions on the ionization energies of nucleic acid bases: adenine-adenine, thymine-thymine and adenine-thymine dimers (open access)

The effect of pi-stacking, h-bonding, and electrostatic interactions on the ionization energies of nucleic acid bases: adenine-adenine, thymine-thymine and adenine-thymine dimers

A combined theoretical and experimental study of the ionized dimers of thymine and adenine, TT, AA, and AT, is presented. Adiabatic and vertical ionization energies(IEs) for monomers and dimers as well as thresholds for the appearance of the protonated species are reported and analyzed. Non-covalent interactions stronglyaffect the observed IEs. The magnitude and the nature of the effect is different for different isomers of the dimers. The computations reveal that for TT, the largestchanges in vertical IEs (0.4 eV) occur in asymmetric h-bonded and symmetric pi- stacked isomers, whereas in the lowest-energy symmetric h-bonded dimer the shiftin IEs is much smaller (0.1 eV). The origin of the shift and the character of the ionized states is different in asymmetric h-bonded and symmetric stacked isomers. Inthe former, the initial hole is localized on one of the fragments, and the shift is due to the electrostatic stabilization of the positive charge of the ionized fragment by thedipole moment of the neutral fragment. In the latter, the hole is delocalized, and the change in IE is proportional to the overlap of the fragments' MOs. The shifts in AAare much smaller due to a less effcient overlap and a smaller dipole moment. The ionization …
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Bravaya, Ksenia B.; Kostko, Oleg; Ahmed, Musahid & Krylov, Anna I.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Egypt: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

Egypt: Background and U.S. Relations

This report provides an overview of Egyptian politics and current issues in U.S.-Egyptian relations. It briefly provides a political history of modern Egypt, an overview of its political institutions, and a discussion of the prospects for democratization in Egypt. U.S.-Egyptian relations are complex and multi-faceted, and this report addresses the following current topics: the Arab-Israeli peace process, Iraq, terrorism, democratization and reform, human rights, trade, and military cooperation.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Sharp, Jeremy M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Compensation: SEC Regulations and Congressional Proposals (open access)

Executive Compensation: SEC Regulations and Congressional Proposals

This report provides information about the SEC Regulations and Congressional Proposals on Executive Compensation. Concern about share holder value, corporate governance and social impact of escalating pay for corporate executives has led to controversy.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Micheal, Seitzinger V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress (open access)

Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress

This report discusses the relationship between the United States and Japan, including Japanese efforts to support the U.S. in the wake of the September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks and the two countries' economic ties, especially with regards to the recent economic downturn. This report also discusses the general political atmosphere of Japan, including the recent and ongoing political turmoil in Tokyo.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Cooper, William H.; Manyin, Mark E. & Konishi, Weston S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Latin America: Terrorism Issues (open access)

Latin America: Terrorism Issues

This report discusses the issue in relation to the U.S. State Department's April 2009 Country Report on Terrorism; Colombian President Hugo Chávez's sympathies with terrorist groups and lack of cooperation on antiterrorism efforts; growing U.S. concern over activities of terrorist groups Hezbollah and Hamas in the tri-border area of Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay; and various legislative initiatives related to Latin American terrorism issues being considered by the 112th Congress.
Date: September 2, 2009
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library