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135,844 Matching Results
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PNL In Vivo Phantom Library Calibration Program
None
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Olsen, P. C.; Nichols, L. L.; Sisk, D. R. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)) & Loesch, R. M. (USDOE, Washington, DC (United States))
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent experimental studies on Hadron showers produced in high energy muon-nucleus interactions
The Fermilab Tevatron Muon Experiment has analyzed the hadron showers of events resulting from the scattering of a muon beam (< E{sub {mu}} > = 490 GeV) off H{sub 2}, D{sub 2} and Xenon targets. The topics which will be discussed are: (1) space-time evolution of the hadronization process; (2) leading hadron distributions in the shadowing region; (3) rates and characteristics of 3-jet events. 23 refs.
Date:
May 1, 1992
Creator:
Morfin, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Two-photon couplings of quarkonia with arbitrary angular momenta
The observation of a large {gamma}{gamma} width for the {sup 1}D{sub 2} q{bar q} state {pi}{sub 2}(1670) suggests that the {gamma}{gamma} couplings of many orbitally-excited light q{bar q} states may be experimentally accessible. In this talk we present {gamma}{gamma} helicity amplitudes for q{bar q} states with general angular momenta {sup 1}l{sub j} and {sup 3}l{sub j}, and note some relations and selection rules that may be useful in spectroscopic classification of orbital excitations. 14 refs.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Barnes, T. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States) Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
(Theoretical studies in elementary particle physics)
This report discusses research in: spin physics; transverse polarization and jet production; fundamental QCD; intermediate vector boson production; and hadron collisions. (LSP)
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Collins, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fifth in situ vitrification engineering-scale test of simulated INEL buried waste sites
In September 1990, an engineering-scale in situ vitrification (ISV) test was conducted on sealed canisters containing a combined mixture of buried waste materials expected to be present at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA). The test was part of a Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) program to assist INEL in treatability studies of the potential application of ISV to mixed transuranic wastes at the INEL SDA. The purpose of this test was to determine the effect of a close-packed layer of sealed containers on ISV processing performance. Specific objectives included determining (1) the effect of releases from sealed containers on hood plenum pressure and temperature, (2) the release pressure ad temperatures of the sealed canisters, (3) the relationships between canister depressurization and melt encapsulation, (4) the resulting glass and soil quality, (5) the potential effects of thermal transport due to a canister layer, (6) the effects on particle entrainment of differing angles of approach for the ISV melt front, and (7) the effects of these canisters on the volatilization of voltatile and semivolatile contaminants into the hood plenum.
Date:
June 1, 1992
Creator:
Bergsman, T.M.; Shade, J.W. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)) & Farnsworth, R.K. (EG and G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls, ID (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Error Analysis of Acceleration Control Loops of a Synchrotron
For beam control during acceleration, it is conventional to derive the frequency from an external reference, be it a field marker or an external oscillator, to provide phase and radius feedback loops to ensure the phase stability, radial position and emittance integrity of the beam. The open and closed loop behaviors of both feedback control and their response under the possible frequency, phase and radius errors are derived from fundamental principles and equations. The stability of the loops is investigated under a wide range of variations of the gain and time delays. Actual system performance of the AGS Booster is analyzed and compared to commissioning experiences. Such analysis is useful for setting design criteria and tolerances for new proton synchrotrons. 4 refs., 13 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Zhang, S. Y. & Weng, W. T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Research and development of methods and tools for achieving and maintaining consensus processes in the face of change within and among government oversight agencies: Volume 1
This progress report summarizes our research activities under our consensus grant. In year four of the grant, we continued to capitalize on and benefit from historical events which drove our early emphasis on group process studies. Following our work on various procedures for bringing together groups such as the State and Tribal Government Working Group and the Stakeholders' Forum (both of which provide input to the Five-Year Waste Plan), we continue to observe these groups and collect data. We also began a configuration study involving the complex modeling of DOE's Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management (EM). Related to group process studies is the issue of the information requirements for individuals making decisions in consensus groups. Our information studies examined the requirements for decision-related information, frameworks for such information, and the effectiveness of information portrayed for decision making. However, we were able not only to continue studying consensus groups in action and related information issues, but also to focus considerable attention on the fundamental side of our research. The fundamental or basic research conducted in year four included: (1) expanding our literature database; (2) beginning the writing of the literature review summary document and the consensus guide; (3) developing …
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DOE Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) system studies digest
The Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) has sponsored system studies to support the evaluation of alternative configurations and operations for the Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System (CRWMS) and the development of system requirements and design specifications. These studies are generally directed toward evaluating the impacts of alternatives to the monitored retrievable storage (MRS) and fuel rod consolidation, waste form and characteristics sequences, cask and canister concepts, allocation of waste acceptance rights, and system throughput rates. The objectives of this document are: To present major system issues and related system element issues in a structured manner; to discuss key results of major system studies and explain the basis for certain current system assumptions; to summarize the scope and results of completed system studies that are still relevant at the time this document is published; and to provide the background needed for identifying and prioritizing system issues to be resolved. Consistent with the objectives, the document does not include low-level subsystem studies addressing system element issues that do not interact with overall system issues. The document is expected to be updated as major new system studies are completed and significant new results are available.
Date:
June 1, 1992
Creator:
McLeod, N. B. (Johnson and Associates Inc., Fairfax, Virginia (United States)); Nguyen, T. D.; Drexelius, R. (USDOE Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, Washington, DC (United States)) & McKee, R. W. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Research on oil recovery mechanisms in heavy oil reservoirs
The goal of the Stanford University Petroleum Research Institute is to conduct research directed toward increasing the recovery of heavy oils. Presently, SUPRI is working in five main directions: To assess the influence of different reservoir conditions (temperature and pressure) on the absolute and relative permeability to oil and water and on capillary pressure; To evaluate the effect of different reservoir parameters on the in-situ combustion process. This project includes the study of the kinetics of the reactions; To develop and understand the mechanisms of the process using commercially available surfactants for reduction of gravity override and channeling of steam; To develop and improve techniques of formation evaluation such as tracer tests and pressure transient tests; and To provide technical support for design and monitoring of DOE sponsored or industry initiated field projects.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Brigham, W.E.; Aziz, K. & Ramey, H.J. Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solder fatigue reduction in point focus photovoltaic concentrator modules
Solder fatigue tests have been conducted on point focus photovoltaic concentration cell assemblies to identify a baseline fatigue life and to quantify the fatigue life improvements that result using a copper-molybdenum-copper low-expansion insert between the solar cell and copper heat spreader. Solder microstructural changes and fatigue crack growth were identified using cross sections and ultrasonic scans of the fatigue solder joints. The Coffin-Manson and Total Strain fatigue models for low-cycle fatigue were evaluated for use in fatigue life predictions. Since both of these models require strain calculations, two strain calculation methods were compared: hand-calculated shear strain and a finite element method shear strain. At present, the available theoretical models for low-cycle solder fatigue are limited in their ability to predict failure; consequently, extensive thermal cycling is continuing to define the fatigue life for point focus photovoltaic cell assemblies. 9 refs., 9 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Hund, T. D. & Burchett, S. N.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ion-optical studies for improved ion transmission in multistage isotope-ratio mass spectrometers
Theoretical and experimental ion-optical studies of multistage isotope-ratio mass spectrometers were conducted to determine what improvement in ion transmission efficiency might be attainable through design changes. The computer program GIOS (General Ion Optical Systems) was used to perform theoretical calculations of focusing properties and ion transmission efficiency. Actual transmission through multiple-sector instruments was determined from measurements of the ion beam vertical profile at the focus of each stage. For existing mass spectrometers with tandem magnets of normal geometry, our studies determined a feasible design change that significantly increases ion transmission through the analyzer. The use of a cylindrical einzel lens or an electrostatic quadrupole lens near the focal point between the magnets provides vertical focusing of the ion beam to achieve the improved transmission. We also established a new mass spectrometer design that give 100% transmission through tandem magnetic analyzers and through a third-stage electrostatic analyzer without the use of an intermediate focusing lens. Non-normal magnetic field boundaries provide ion beam focusing in the vertical plant to achieve this complete transmission. 19 refs., 27 figs., 3 tabs.
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
Stoffels, J.J. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)) & Laue, H.J. (Purdue Univ., Lafayette, IN (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An overview of acoustic telemetry
Acoustic telemetry has been a dream of the drilling industry for the past 50 years. It offers the promise of data rates which are one-hundred times greater than existing technology. Such a system would open the door to true logging-while-drilling technology and bring enormous profits to its developers. The basic idea is to produce an encoded sound wave at the bottom of the well, let it propagate up the steel drillpipe, and extract the data from the signal at the surface. Unfortunately, substantial difficulties arise. The first difficult problem is to produce the sound wave. Since the most promising transmission wavelengths are about 20 feet, normal transducer efficiencies are quire low. Compounding this problem is the structural complexity of the bottomhole assembly and drillstring. For example, the acoustic impedance of the drillstring changes every 30 feet and produces an unusual scattering pattern in the acoustic transmission. This scattering pattern causes distortion of the signal and is often confused with signal attenuation. These problems are not intractable. Recent work has demonstrated that broad frequency bands exist which are capable of transmitting data at rates up to 100 bits per second. Our work has also identified the mechanism which is responsible for …
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
Drumheller, D. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fermi molecular dynamics
classical many body models supplemented by repulsive momentum-dependent potentials to simulate the Pauli and Heisenberg principles have been use with some success for nuclear and atomic bound state and collision problems. They are capable of describing mean ground state properties, hydrodynamics, shocks (if warranted by the physics), viscosity, correlations, clustering, fragmentation, etc. We have become interested in the Feldmeier Gaussian packet formulation since it is based on a variational principle using trial wave functions. We discuss some limitations of the model and discuss further directions of investigation.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Wilets, L. & Beck, W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Seismic hazard evaluation for the high-flux isotope reactor (HFIR) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
This study investigates the probabilistic hazard of earthquake-induced ground shaking at the HFIR facility, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. These results will be used to calculate plant response and potential effects in a Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA). For this purpose, several guidelines apply to this work. First, both the frequency of exceedance and the uncertainty in frequency of exceedance of various ground motion levels must be represented. These are required by the PRA so that the frequency and uncertainty of various possible plant states can be expressed. Second, there is a deliberate attempt to provide an unbiased distribution of frequencies of exceedance, i.e. to present results that are neither conservative nor unconservative. This is consistent with the goals of a PRA, to provide unbiased estimates of plant effects from which appropriate decisions (for instance about evaluating existing levels of seismic design) can be reached. Recent intensive studies of seismic hazard in the central and eastern United States (CEUS) have been completed by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). These studies represent major efforts to characterize the seismic hazard for nuclear power plants in the CEUS, and use the most recent, up-to-date understandings of seismicity and ground motion relations for the region. With …
Date:
September 1, 1991
Creator:
McGuire, R.K. & Toro, G.R. (Risk Engineering, Inc., Golden, CO (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electric power monthly, October 1991. [CONTAINS GLOSSARY]
This publication provides monthly statistics at the national, Census division, and State levels for net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, quantity and quality of fuel, cost of fuel, electricity sales, revenue, and average revenue per kilowatthour of electricity sold. Data on net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, quantity and cost of fuel are also displayed at the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) region level. Additionally, statistics at the company and plant level are published in the EPM on capability of new plants, net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, quantity and quality of fuel, and cost of fuel. 4 figs., 63 tabs.
Date:
October 11, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Object-oriented data handling system for an automated chemistry laboratory
The environmental-remediation efforts at DOE complexes require characterizing problems at each site before cleanup action. Characterization will require the chemical analysis of millions of samples at a significant cost. Automation of the required chemical analyses methods provides a cost-effective solution. An object-oriented approach was deemed necessary to allow for modularization, maintainability, reusability, and flexibility of the software and hardware. Each chemical analysis method is implemented as a Standard Analysis Method or SAM. A SAM is, in essence, a black box'' into which a sample enters at one end and chemical or physical information exits'' at the other. 7 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Medvick, P.A.; Mniszewski, S.M. & Beugelsdijk, T.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
F/H Area ETF effluent (H-016 outfall), ceriodaphnia survival/reproduction test, test date: March 21, 1991
This toxicity test was conducted to determine if the effluent from the F/H area at Savannah River Plant affects the survival or reproduction of the test organisms during a seven day period. The test involved exposing the test organisms to a series of dilutions of the effluent. At each dilution the survival and reproduction of ten test organisms was recorded. Each effluent dilution was compared to a control set of test organisms. Survival data were analyzed by Fisher's Exact Test and the Trimmed Spearman-Karber test to determine the effluent concentration necessary to cause statistically significant (p = 0.05) mortality. Reproduction data was analyzed for normality, homogeneity of variance and equality of replicates among dilutions to determine the appropriate statistical test for analysis of statistical differences in reproduction among dilutions. Results are summarized.
Date:
August 1, 1991
Creator:
Specht, Winona L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Physical characterization of magmatic liquids. [Ultrasonic and Brillouin Scattering Studies of Natural and Synthetic Silicates and Oxides]
This report describes a research project that was conducted from August 15, 1985 to February 28, 1992. The project was based on the ultrasonic studies of natural and synthetic silicate melts, and the study of Brillouin scattering of synthetic silicates and oxides. Measurements of the compressional wave velocity and attenuation can be established using the ultrasonic methods. Temperature dependences of silicates can be established by the Brillouin scattering. (MB)
Date:
June 5, 1992
Creator:
Manghnani, M.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nonlinear optical properties of new KTiOPO sub 4 isostructures
The atomic structures of the nonlinear optical materials potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO{sub 4}, or KTP) and potassium titanyl arsenate (KTiOAsO{sub 4}) feature one-dimensional channels through which the potassium ions are relatively free to migrate. Ion exchange results when these materials are immersed in molten salts containing alkali metal ions. Sodium, lithium and silver all exchange readily for K{sup +} single crystals of both KTP and KTA to yield the exchanged derivatives Na{sub .95}K{sub .05}TiOPO{sub 4} (NaTP), Na{sub .83}K{sub .17}TiOAsO{sub 4} (NaTA), Ag{sub .85}K{sub .15}TiOPO{sub 4} (AgTP), Ag{sub .98}K{sub .02}TiOAsO{sub 4} (AgTA), Li{sub .45}K{sub .55}TiOPO{sub 4} (KLTP), and Li{sub .46}K{sub .54}TiOAsO{sub 4} (KLTA), which are all KTP isostructures. The optical nonlinearities (measured as SHG intensities) of the limiting compositions in the NaTA, KLTP, and KLTA systems are similar to that of KTP, but are much smaller in NaTP, AgTP and AgTA. Single crystal X-ray data have revealed differences in coordination of the mobile cations to oxygen atoms linking the TiO{sub 6} groups in these compounds, and these differences correlate with changes in optical nonlinearity. The observed nonlinearities can be rationalized if they are viewed as being dependent on the degree to which delocalized charge-transfer excited state character can be mixed into …
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Phillips, M. L. F.; Harrison, W. T. A. & Stucky, G. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conduct of operations: The foundation of safety -- An overview
This paper discusses issues and approaches dealing with conceptualizing, implementing, and maintaining configuration control commensurate with the conduct of operations approach defined by DOE ORDER 5480.19. Specific topics reviewed will include key elements of assessments to determine the status quo such as assessment criteria, assessment personnel, and assessment scope; administrative programs to maintain the status quo such as organizational definition, responsibilities, interfaces, and priorities; oversight to determine control effectiveness via compliance and performance assessment.
Date:
May 1, 1992
Creator:
Willett, D.J. & Hertel, N.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Some general properties of stimulated Raman propagation with pump depletion, transiency and dispersion
This note considers some of the properties of the Stokes pulse that grows from a specified seed pulse in the presence of a strong pump pulse as it propagates through a dispersive atomic vapor. We first present an generic dimensionless form for the coupled equations that govern the propagation of pump and Stokes fields or collinear plane-wave pulses. By treating the two fields we permit pump depletion. We include transient atomic response (as embodied in the Raman coherence), but neglect changes in atomic populations. (Thus our equations pertain to the regime in which atoms are more numerous than photons). The equations employ a gain length, a dispersion time {tau}{sub dis}, and a Raman coherence time (or memory time) {tau}{sub R} as basic parameters: these two times, together with a single-photon stationary-atom detuning {Delta}, subsume the details of a particular atomic Raman transition and particular operating conditions. (The effects of Doppler shifts enters the equations through the coherence time). We discuss some general properties of these generic Raman propagation equations, and present illustrations of their solutions in the absence of dispersion. We comment on departures from exponential growth. We than show examples of behavior when dispersion is present and the pump …
Date:
August 2, 1991
Creator:
Shore, B. W.; Lowder, S. & Johnson, M. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Graphic values for some organic constitutents of beneficiated coal samples
Graphic techniques exist which can accurately predict values for calorific value, organic sulfur, and possibly other constituents of the organic portion of beneficiated coal sample fractions. These techniques also permit a determination of coal rank to be made without the use of the approximations required in the standard procedure. Fractions of IBC-101 with varying ash contents were produced by froth flotation. The various fractions were analyzed by the coal analysis laboratory and the particular data type was plotted in each case vs. the individual ash content of each fraction, using Lotus 123 and Freelace software packages. Such plots for calorific value and organic sulfur have, so far, been made. These curves and the information they contain are discussed in this report. A comparison of the graphic mineral matter value with the usual one calculated from the Parr approximation has been made. Eventually, the data may lead to an effective way to estimate inorganic carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and other organic constitents of coal. All data will be made available to researchers.
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
Kohlenberger, L. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
(Technical and engineering support for the Office of Industrial Programs)
As of April 19, 1991, technical, operational and analytic support and assistance to the offices and divisions of the Office of Renewable Energy, under contract DE-AC01-86CE30844 was completed. The overall work effort, initiated February 20, 1986, was characterized by timely, comprehensive, high quality, professional responsiveness to a broad range of renewable energy program operational support requirements. These are no instances of failure to respond, nor unacceptable response, during the five-year period. The technology program areas covered are Solar Buildings Technology, Wind Energy Technology, Photovoltaic Energy Technology, Geothermal Energy Technology, Biofuels and Municipal Waste Technology, Solar Thermal Technology, Hydropower Energy Technology, Ocean Energy Technology, and Electric Energy Systems and Energy Storage. The analytical and managerial support provided to the office and staff of the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Renewable Energy enabled a comprehensive evaluation of program and policy alternatives, and the selection and execution of appropriate courses of action from amongst those alternatives. Largely through these means the Office has been able to maintain continuity and a meaningful program thrust through the vacillations of policies and budgets that it has experienced over that it has experienced over the past five years. Appended are summaries of support activities within each of the …
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Superconductivity: Past, present, and future
This paper provides an overview of superconductor research and development activities, with emphasis on the potential of high-{Tc} materials for future applications. Superconductor applications are grouped under the following categories: electronics/instrumentation, bulk material/castings, research devices, industrial/commercial, electric power, and transportation/propulsion. Near-term applications are typically based on thin film and cast forms of high-{Tc} materials, while large-scale applications requiring long lengths of wire are considered intermediate to long term. As a major side benefit of high-{Tc} superconductor research, renewed interest is being focused on the use of low-{Tc} materials for large-scale applications.
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
Uherka, K.L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library