The objective of proposed research is development of catalysts with enhanced slurry phase activity and better selectivity to fuel range products, through a more detailed understanding and systematic studies of the effects of pretreatment procedures and promoters/binders (silica) on catalyst performance.

Sorbent injection is a low capital cost, low operating cost approach to SO{sub 2} control targeted primarily at older boilers for which conventional fuel gas desulfurization is not economically viable. Duct injection is one variation of this concept in which the sorbent, either a dry powder or a slurry, is injected into the cooler regions of the boiler, generally downstream of the air heaters. The attractiveness of duct injection is tied to the fact that it avoids much of the boiler heat transfer equipment and thus has minimal impact of boiler performance. Both capital and operating cost are low. This program has as its objectives three performance related issues to address: (1) experimentally identify limits on sorbent performance. (2) identify and test sorbent performance enhancement strategies. (3) develop a compute model of the duct injection process. Two major tasks are described: a laboratory-scale global experiment and development of process model. Both are aimed at understanding and quantifying the rate-limiting processes which control SO{sub 2} capture by lime slurry during boiler duct injection. 29 refs., 35 figs., 4 tabs.

The principal meeting attended during this trip was the Japan International Tribology Conference Nagoya 1990. The conference encompassed a wide range of topics, including the tribology of ceramics, the tribology in high-performance automobiles, and many aspects of lubrication technology. Associated forums were also held on the tribology of advanced ceramics, on solid lubrication, and on automotive lubricants. Presentations made during the latter forum discussed anticipated trends in engine development and anticipated improvements in lubricants required for the next generation of engines. In addition to meetings, site visits were made to five industrial organizations to discuss ceramic tribology. Nippon Steel Corporation and Toshiba Corporation are both very active in the ceramic area, Nippon Steel from their interest in research on new materials and Toshiba from both an interest in new materials and in support of their work in electronic devices. Two engine manufacturers were also visited, Toyota Motor Corporation, and Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. These companies were somewhat reserved in their discussion of progress in the utilization of ceramics in automobile engines.

This report covers the project progress of grant DE-FG02-86ER60422 for the period March 1, 1990--October 1, 1990. The research program includes three tasks: General Circulation Models (GCM) intercomparison and improvement, climate data-model statistics, and China project science coordination. This work has been performed in collaboration with our subcontractor, Dr. Wei-Chyung Wang, SUNY/Albany. 8 refs.

None

The need to accurately model the superplastic forming process which is highly rate and temperature dependent motivated the evaluation of Bammann's internal variable, viscoplasticity material model. The model is based upon the concepts of unified creep plasticity, but employs a yield surface for efficient implementation into large-scale numerical computer codes. It has proven elsewhere to be quite successful in describing large strain, thermal-mechanical behavior of crystalline materials. Features of the model enable it to simulate the apparent strain-rate behavior exhibited by many metals above one half the melt temperature. It is the efficient incorporation of features that make the model attractive for use in finite element modeling of metal deformation processes. Although this model was implemented into the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's NIKE2D finite element program in 1986, there have been no known reports of successful use by NIKE2D users. The purpose of this report is to provide the user the proper format to input model parameters, a procedure for determining appropriate values for material constants from experimental data, and supplemental information on the model relevant to the implementation in the NIKE2D finite element program. Detailed accounts of the theoretical aspects of the model can be found in the cited …

A 5cm SSC superconducting dipole that develops 6.6 tesla at 5790 A is proposed. The two layer magnet has 12% more transfer function than the present design as a result of using thin collars and close in'' iron. The thin collars provide precise positioning of the coils; they also provide minimum prestress (perhaps 2000 psi) as aid for magnet assembly. A welded skin around the iron provides the final prestress and shapes and the coil geometry. A prestressed aluminum bar placed between the vertically split iron yokes provides precise control of the gap between yokes halves and is designed to allow gap to close tightly during cooldown so that there is no decrease of prestress. In order to reduce the effect of iron saturation on the field multipoles the iron ID has been optimized to an elliptical shape. The coil inner layer is a 30 strand cable with 1.3:1 cu/sc. The outer layer is a 36 strand cable wit 1.8:1 cu/sc. At the operating field of 6.6 tesla the current density in the copper is 666 A/mm{sup 2} and 760 A/mm{sup 2} in the inner and outer layers respectively. The magnet short sample performance is limited by the inner layer. …

The Microwave Tokamak Experiment (MTX) has a substantial number of fast diagnostics, especially for electrons, as part of its mission for pulsed, high-power electron cyclotron heating. As part of its contribution to ITER R D, these diagnostics are being used to characterize disruptions in MTX. This report is the first of two, with the second planned for submittal in September 1990, at the end of the ITER conceptual design activity. Here, we analyze the characteristics of disruptions during normal operation of MTX, discuss some new data pertaining to the Granetz limit,'' and describe preliminary data on ramped density shorts which will be used for fast measurements on density limit disruptions. The final report will discuss measurements using the fast diagnostics to characterize the disruption.

This document contains responses and planned actions that address the findings of the Tiger Team Assessment of Brookhaven National Laboratory, June 1990. In addition, the document contains descriptions of the management and organizational structure to be used in conducting planned actions, root causes for the problems identified in the findings, responses, planned actions, schedules and milestones for completing planned actions, and, where known, costs associated with planned actions.

Since June 1989 most of my research has been devoted to early Universe cosmology. The four focal points have been: Galaxy and large-scale structure formation with cosmic strings. Quantum field theoretical effects near cosmic strings and their observational signatures. Dynamics of inflationary Universe models. Quantum particle production and formation of topological defects during phase transitions.

The SRS reactor tanks are constructed of type 304 stainless steel, with 0.5 inch thick walls. An ultrasonic (UT) in-service inspection program has been developed for examination of these tanks, in accordance with the ISI Plan for the Savannah River Production Reactors Process Water System (DPSTM-88-100-1). Prior to initiation of these inspections, criteria for the disposition of any indications that might be found are required. A working group has been formed to review available information on the SRS reactor tanks and develop acceptance criteria. This working group includes nationally recognized experts in the nuclear industry. The working group has met three times and produced three documents describing the proposed acceptance criteria, the technical basis for the criteria and a proposed initial sampling plan. This report transmits these three documents, which were prepared in accordance with the technical task plan and quality assurance plan for this task, task 88-001-A- 1. In addition, this report summarizes the acceptance criteria and proposed sampling plan, and provides further interpretation of the intent of these three documents where necessary.

The traveler presented invited lectures Parallelizing the Multiple Scattering KKR and KKR-CPA Codes'' at a workshop on Parallel Codes and Algorithms for Electronic Structure of Solids,'' held at the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) Daresbury Laboratory, and SCF-KKR-CPA Calculations'' at a meeting on KKR'' and related scattering theory, held at the University of Bristol. The Daresbury meeting reviewed the use of massively parallel computers in condensed matter physics, an area in which ORNL is playing a leading role. The Bristol meeting highlighted the great progress that has been made in recent years in the first principles theory and calculation of the properties of materials based on multiple-scattering Green function methods. This is an area in which, historically, ORNL has had a strong presence. The traveler collaborated with scientists at SERC Daresbury Laboratory on the use of the massively parallel INTEL i860 supercomputer in the calculation of the electronic and ground state properties of alloys and high {Tc} superconductors. At the Universities of Warwick and Bristol, the traveler collaborated with Dr. J. B. Staunton and Prof. B. L. Gyorffy on spin, charge, and pairing fluctuations in the Hubbard model.

The Hanford Site Waste Management and Environmental Restoration Integration Plan'' describes major actions leading to waste disposal and site remediation. The primary purpose of this document is to provide a management tool for use by executives who need to quickly comprehend the waste management and environmental restoration programs. The Waste Management and Environmental Restoration Programs have been divided into missions. Waste Management consists of five missions: double-shell tank (DST) wastes; single-shell tank (SST) wastes (surveillance and interim storage, stabilization, and isolation); encapsulated cesium and strontium; solid wastes; and liquid effluents. Environmental Restoration consists of two missions: past practice units (PPU) (including characterization and assessment of SST wastes) and surplus facilities. For convenience, both aspects of SST wastes are discussed in one place. A general category of supporting activities is also included. 20 refs., 14 figs., 7 tabs.

This report covers the progress made since June 1, 1990, the beginning of this grant. The objective of the six-month period covered by this grant is to prepare for the field operations in the South Pacific Ocean. The coulometer and gas chromatograph systems, which will be used for the measurements of the total CO{sub 2} concentration and pCO{sub 2} aboard research ships, are being calibrated presently. Various spare parts needed for the expedition are being ordered, and the Pure-Air generators and hydrogen generators are being serviced. Our preparation is on schedule. We have participated in two meetings where the problems associated with instrumentation and calibration were actively discussed among the participants of the DOE CO{sub 2} program.

This report lists the Geologic Spatial Analysis (GSA) programs. Information for each program includes: author, function, inputs, outputs, and linkages.

This document presents our proposal to continue the activities of Boston University researchers in high energy physics research. We have a broad program of participation in both non-accelerator and accelerator-based efforts. High energy research at Boston University has a special focus on the physics program of the Superconducting Supercollider. We are active in research and development for detector subsystems, in the design of experiments, and in study of the phenomenology of the very high energy interactions to be observed at the SSC. The particular areas discussed in this paper are: colliding beams physics; accelerator design physics; MACRO project; proton decay project; theoretical particle physics; muon G-2 project; fast liquid scintillators; SSCINTCAL project; TRD project; massively parallel processing for the SSC; and physics analysis and vertex detector upgrade at L3.

This report highlights activities, events, and analyses of interest to public and private sector organizations associated with the natural gas industry. Volume and price data are presented each month for natural gas production, distribution, consumption, and interstate pipeline activities. Producer-related activities and underground storage data are also reported. 7 figs., 33 tabs.

The chemical and physical properties of {sup 218}Po immediately following its formation from {sup 222}Rn decay are important in determining its behavior in indoor atmospheres and plays a major part in determining its potential health effects. In 88% of the decays, a singly charged positive ion of {sup 218}Po is obtained at the end of its recoil path. The neutralization rates for Po-218 by the small ion recombination, electron transfer or electron scavenging mechanisms were previously reported. We have measured the small ion recombination rate in high purity gases to determine the negative small ion production rate as a function of the ionization potential of the gas. Our previous studies have also shown that radiolysis of water vapor by the recoiling Po ion produces high local concentrations of hydroxyl ({center dot}OH) radicals. These radicals can lead to oxidation of reactive trace gases and the neutral polonium molecule can become incorporated in ultrafine particles formed by the nucleation of low vapor pressure compounds produced by this radical oxidation process. The hydroxyl radical production rate and the production of particles are currently being studied. 12 refs., 1 fig.

The SRS reactor tanks are constructed of type 304 stainless steel, with 0.5 inch thick walls. An ultrasonic (UT) in-service inspection program has been developed for examination of these tanks, in accordance with the ISI Plan for the Savannah River Production Reactors Process Water System (DPSTM-88-100-1). Prior to initiation of these inspections, criteria for the disposition of any indications that might be found are required. A working group has been formed to review available information on the SRS reactor tanks and develop acceptance criteria. This working group includes nationally recognized experts in the nuclear industry. The working group has met three times and produced three documents describing the proposed acceptance criteria, the technical basis for the criteria and a proposed initial sampling plan. This report transmits these three documents, which were prepared in accordance with the technical task plan and quality assurance plan for this task, task 88-001-A- 1. In addition, this report summarizes the acceptance criteria and proposed sampling plan, and provides further interpretation of the intent of these three documents where necessary.

The described glass sampling program is designed to achieve two objectives: To demonstrate Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) ability to control and verify the radionuclide release properties of the glass product; To confirm DWPF`s readiness to obtain glass samples during production, and SRL`s readiness to analyze and test those samples remotely. The DWPF strategy for control of the radionuclide release properties of the glass product, and verification of its acceptability are described in this report. The basic approach of the test program is then defined.

The SIGMA-PI ({Sigma}{Pi}) method as implemented in the SIGPI computer code, is designed to accurately and efficiently evaluate the probability of Boolean expressions in disjunctive normal form given the base event probabilities. The method is not limited to problems in which base event probabilities are small, nor to Boolean expressions that exclude the compliments of base events, nor to problems in which base events are independent. The feasibility of implementing the {Sigma}{Pi} method on a personal computer has been evaluated, and a version of the SIGPI code capable of quantifying simple Boolean expressions with independent base events on the personal computer has been developed. Tasks required for a fully functional personal computer version of SIGPI have been identified together with enhancements that could be implemented to improve the utility and efficiency of the code.

The four argon spill trough bellows were leak tested with helium during the week of March 12, 1990. Three passed without incident, but the fourth was found to have a leak in the weld at one of the ring/clamps. The hole was approximately 1/32-inch in diameter (a likely result of a welding burn through) and located on an inflexible portion of the bellows, the ring/clamp. Frank Juravic, who conducted the tests, suggested using grey structural epoxy to plug the leak. The epoxy is metallic with some inherent flexibility. The epoxy was applied and the bellows retested in the same manner as before. The repair was a success as the bellows proved to be leaktight. The bellows were then put in their original shipping crates and placed in storage at Lab C. Included in this report is the manufacturer's spec sheets on the bellows, a copy of the Quality Control Report form and a sketch of the test setup with an explanation of the procedure. On the bellows data sheet entitled 'Analysis of Stress in Bellows', the analysis output is obtained through a theoretical bellows program that uses quadratic equations to approximate characteristic curves for such data as axial, lateral and …

Bacteria induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the laboratory and in nature by altering their chemical environment. Geologists are recognizing the possibility that bacterially induced precipitates may form significant mineral deposits, unfortunately, there are currently no sound criteria by which they can be recognized in recent sediments, or in the rock record. Cultures of aerobic and facultative bacteria from cyanobacterial mats on Andros Island, Bahamas, and Baffin Bay, Texas, induced the precipitation of calcium carbonate under controlled conditions. Crusts, the largest features formed, are composed of 5--200{mu}m diameter bundles which are, in turn, composed of numerous individual crystals. The smallest observed features are 0.1--0.4{mu}m spheres and rods which comprise some individual crystals and crystal bundles. Crystal bundles resembling rhombohedra, tetragonal disphenoids, tetragonal dipyramids, and calcite dumbbells appear to be uniquely bacterial in origin, and they have all been observed in recent sediments. Swollen rods, discs, curved dumbbells, and 50--200{mu}m optically continuous crystals resembling brushes may be uniquely bacterial in origin, however, they have not been reported by other laboratories nor observed in natural settings. Presence of any of these forms in recent sediments should be taken as strong evidence for bacterial influence. Spheres and aragonite dumbbells have also been …

The objective of proposed research is development of catalysts with enhanced slurry phase activity and better selectivity to fuel range products, through a more detailed understanding and systematic studies of the effects of pretreatment procedures and promoters/binders (silica) on catalyst performance.