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Medicare: Payments to HMOs and Other Private Plans Under the Medicare+Choice Program
This report describes how payments will be calculated under the Medicare+Choice program established under the new law.
Date:
September 18, 1997
Creator:
Smith, Madeleine T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Aquaculture and the Federal Role
Aquaculture is broadly defined as the production of fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants in a controlled environment. This report discusses the growth of U.S. aquaculture in the decade preceding 1993, and the subsequent debate about what role, if any, the Federal Government should play in supporting the industry. Relevant legislation and policies are also discussed.
Date:
September 9, 1993
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H. & Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pesticide Legislation: Food Quality Protection Act of 1996
The 104th congress enacted significant changes to the Federal Insecticide, fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), governing U.S. sale and use of pesticide products, and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), which limits pesticide residues on food. The vehicle of these changes was H.R. 1627, the "Food Quality Protection Act of 1996" (FQPA), enacted August 3, 1996, as Public Law 104-170. Under FIFRA, the new law will facilitate registrations and reregistrations of pesticides for special (so-called"minor") uses and authorize collection of maintenance fees of support pesticide reregistration. Food safety provisions will establish a single standard of safety for pesticide residue on raw and processed foods; provide information through large food retail stores to consumers about the health risks of pesticide residues and how to avoid them; preempt state and local food safety laws if they are based on concentrations of pesticide residues below recently established federal residue limits(called"tolerances"); and ensure that tolerances protect the health of infants and children.
Date:
September 11, 1996
Creator:
Schierow, Linda-Jo
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Attorneys' Fees in the State Tobacco Litigation Cases
In the past few years, many states have filed complaints against the tobacco industry in state court to recover Medicaid costs paid by the states to treat their citizens for tobacco related illnesses. The states are also attempting to recover other damages, such as punitive damages, against the tobacco industry. For various reasons, the states have hired private attorneys to assist the state Attorneys General in prosecuting these cases. In most cases, the retention of private counsel has included a fee agreement specifying the amount of compensation that these attorneys will receive for their services. These agreements are not uniform among the states, but most tend to provide some form of contingency fee arrangement. Some of these states have developed a sliding scale contingency fee schedule which varies with the amount of time spent on the litigation and whether a trial has begun. This report briefly summarizes the different fee agreements that the states have with private counsel.
Date:
September 23, 1997
Creator:
Contrubis, John
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Animal Agriculture: Issues for the 106th Congress
This report discusses a variety of animal agriculture issues that generated debate during the 106th Congress, including low livestock prices, especially for hogs. Economic difficulties have revived questions such as the impacts of consolidation in the livestock industry, and the price effects of animal imports from Canada and Mexico. This report also discusses a number of legislative proposals to assist livestock producers and enforce sanitary and phytosanitary standards, as well as continuing trade disputes and negotiations with China, the European Union, New Zealand, and Australia.
Date:
September 2, 1999
Creator:
Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Clean Air Option: Cash for Clunkers
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 encourage states to pursue market-based approaches to improve air quality. An Accelerated Vehicle Retirement (AVR) program, commonly referred to as "Cash for Clunkers," is designed to provide an economic incentive for the owners of highly polluting vehicles to retire their automobiles permanently from use and to provide greater flexibility for private industry to reduce emissions by sponsoring such a program. The implementation of AVR programs can be controversial. This report discusses the AVR program debate and includes information on completed AVR pilot projects in selected states.
Date:
September 16, 1996
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and Motor Vehicles: An Analysis of Current and Proposed Emission Standards
The extent to which emissions from motor vehicles and the amount of sulfur in commercial gasoline should be regulated has become a controversial issue. The EPA is proposing national limits on gasoline sulfur levels which would become effective in 2004. This report provides background information on the regulation of vehicle emissions in the United States, analyzes key elements of the National Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) program and the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Tier 2 proposal, summarizes major views on the proposal that have been expressed by the automobile industry, the oil refining industry, and some environmental organizations, and discusses relevant legislative activity in the 106th Congress.
Date:
September 2, 1999
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Marine Mammal Protection Act Amendments of 1994
This report summarizes provisions of the Marine Mammal Protection Act Amendments of 1994 and outlines this Act's implementation schedule for use by Members of Congress and their staff.
Date:
September 28, 1994
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) is an area rich in fauna, flora, and oil potential, where development has been debated for over 36 years. Current law forbids oil and gas leasing. This report discusses debate over whether or not to open the ANWR up for development and includes discussion of various legislative options under consideration.
Date:
September 5, 1996
Creator:
Corn, M. Lynne; Kumins, Lawrence C. & Baldwin, Pamela
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Budget Reconciliation in the 105th Congress: Achieving a Balanced Budget by 2002
Achievement of a balanced federal budget by 2002 was a high priority for the 105th Congress and the President. After months of negotiations and debate, starting in February 1997 and ending in July 1997, congressional leaders and the White House forged a consensus on legislation to accomplish this goal. The legislation, signed into law by President Clinton on August 5, 1997, sets “caps” on discretionary spending, constrains entitlement programs, and on balance reduces federal taxes.
Date:
September 11, 1997
Creator:
Koitz, David Stuart & Nuschler, Dawn
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Senate's Byrd Rule Against Extraneous Matter in Reconciliation Measures
Reconciliation is an expedited process under the 1974 Congressional Budget Act used to change mainly entitlement and revenue laws in order to implement budget resolution policies.
Date:
September 9, 1998
Creator:
Keith, Robert
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief Overview of Recent Practices
This report provides information on the history of continuing resolutions; the nature, scope, and duration of CRs during the last 30 years; the various types of CRs that have been enacted; and an overview of those instances when budget authority has lapsed and a funding gap has resulted.
Date:
September 26, 1997
Creator:
Streeter, Sandy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Small Business Innovation Research Program
In 1982, the Small Business Innovation Development Act (P.L. 97-219) established small business innovation research (SBIR) programs within the major federal research and development (R&D) agencies. The intent of the effort was to increase government funding of small, high technology companies for the performance of R&D with commercial potential. Each federal department with an R&D budget of $100 million or more is required to set aside part of this amount to finance the SBIR activity. From its inception in FY1983 through FY1998, approximately $8.6 billion in awards have been made for 50,468 projects. The original program has been extended several times and is now scheduled to sunset October 1, 2000. H.R. 2392, as reported from the House Committee on Small Business and discharged from the House Committee on Science, would reauthorize the SBIR activity through September 30, 2007.
Date:
September 27, 1999
Creator:
Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Federal Regulatory Structure for Egg Safety: Fact Sheet
This report discusses the federal role in regulating egg safety. Although the egg industry is primarily responsible for ensuring the safety of its products, four federal agencies hold statutory responsibilities for egg safety.
Date:
September 21, 1999
Creator:
Vogt, Donna U.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Online Privacy Protection: Issues and Developments
It is routinely acknowledged that the success of the Internet and electronic commerce depends upon the resolution of issues related to the privacy of online personal information. This paper discusses some potential threats to the privacy of online personal information, and efforts by businesses, governments, and citizens to respond to them. The paper also provides an overview of the legal framework for the protection of personal information. Individuals and businesses increasingly rely upon computers to transact business and to access the Internet. Online users may voluntarily disclose personal information, such information is often collected by Web sites for commercial purposes. The proliferation of online personal information has focused the attention of citizens, businesses, and governments on the issue.
Date:
September 28, 1999
Creator:
Stevens, Gina Marie
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
House Administrative Reorganization: 104th Congress
This report discusses the management responsibility for financial, security, and legislative operations.
Date:
September 13, 1996
Creator:
Rundquist, Paul S. & Tong, Lorraine H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Out-of-State Money in the Congressional Elections of 1992, 1994, and 1996: Trends and Policy Issues
None
Date:
September 26, 1997
Creator:
Cantor, Joseph E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fast-Track Trade Negotiating Authority: A Comparison of 105th Congress Legislative Proposals
This report provides a side-by-side comparison of H.R. 2621 and S. 2400, as reported, 105th Congress bills that would provide the President with trade negotiating authority and accord certain resulting agreements and implementing bills expedited -- or "fast-track" -- legislative consideration.
Date:
September 15, 1998
Creator:
Grimmett, Jeanne J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The House Amendment Tree
This report discusses the House amendment tree, a chart that depicts the maximum number and types of amendments.
Date:
September 15, 1998
Creator:
Oleszek, Walter J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Censure of the President by the Congress
Exploring a possible compromise between an impeachment and taking no congressional action, certain Members of Congress and congressional commentators have suggested a congressional “censure” of the President to express the Congress’ disapproval of the President’s conduct which has been the subject of an ongoing independent counsel investigation. This report provides and overview and discussion of the legal basis and congressional precedents regarding a congressional “censure” of the President.
Date:
September 9, 1998
Creator:
Maskell, Jack
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution
None
Date:
September 30, 1997
Creator:
Huckabee, David C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Prescription Drug User Fee Act of 1992: Effects on Bringing New Drugs to Market
None
Date:
September 12, 1997
Creator:
Cantor, David J
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Clean Water Act and TMDLs
Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires states to identify waters that are impaired by pollution, even after application of pollution controls. For those waters, states must establish a total maximum daily load (TMDL) of pollutants to ensure that water quality standards can be attained. Implementation of this provision has been dormant until recently, when states and EPA were prodded by numerous lawsuits. The TMDL issue has become controversial, in part because of requirements and costs now facing states to implement a 25-year-old provision of the law. Congressional activity to reauthorize the Act, a possibility in the 2nd Session of the 105th Congress, could include TMDL issues, but the direction for any such action is unclear at this time.
Date:
September 11, 1997
Creator:
Copeland, Claudia
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Terrorism: U.S. Response to Bombings in Kenya and Tanzania: A New Policy Direction?
None
Date:
September 1, 1998
Creator:
Perl, Raphael F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library