The multipulse Thomson scattering diagnostic on the DIII-D tokamak (open access)

The multipulse Thomson scattering diagnostic on the DIII-D tokamak

This paper describes the design and operation of a 40-spatial channel Thomson scattering system that uses multiple 20 Hz Nd:YAG lasers to measure the electron temperature and density profiles periodically throughout an entire plasma discharge. Interference filter polychromators disperse the scattered light which is detected by silicon avalanche photodiodes. The measurable temperature range from 10 eV to 20 keV and the minimum detectable density is about 2 {times} 10{sup 18} m{sup {minus}3}. Laser control and data acquisition are performed in real-time by a VME-based microcomputer. Data analysis is performed by a MicroVAX 3400. Unique features of this system include burst mode'' operation, where multiple lasers are fired in rapid succession (< 10 KHz), real-time analysis capability, and laser beam quality and alignment monitoring during plasma operation. Results of component testing, calibration, and plasma operation are presented. 8 refs. 6 figs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Carlstrom, T. N.; Campbell, G. L.; DeBoo, J. C.; Evanko, R. G.; Evans, J.; Greenfield, C. M. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Prospects of physics at CDF with the SVX (open access)

Prospects of physics at CDF with the SVX

During next physics run CDF will strongly enhance its heavy flavor tagging capabilities with the installation of a silicon vertex detector (SVX), that will allow precise measurements of secondary decay vertices in the plane transverse to the beam (impact parameter resolution {approx equal} 12 {mu}m). We expect this detector to have a significant impact on b-physics (c{tau}{sub B} {approx equal} 350 {mu}m) and top search. In the following we will discuss CDF prospects for top search and for CP violation asymmetry measurements in the B-sector. 16 refs., 5 figs., 1 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Dell'Agnello, S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Photoinduced Charge Separation by Polymer-Bound Chromophores (open access)

Photoinduced Charge Separation by Polymer-Bound Chromophores

This project has examined the photodynamic behavior of water-soluble polymers that have covalently linked hydrophobic chromophores spaced along the chains. These polymeric systems have been examined for photoinduced charge separation with electron-accepting ions having different total charge. Focus has been on the excited singlet (S{sub 1}) state formed by laser flash absorption. The effects of pH and ionic strength -- factors that govern the conformational nature of the polymer in solution -- have been studied. A second major effort has been to study photoinduced redox processes involving excited states of water-soluble variants of anthracene and acridine. 27 refs., 16 figs., 2 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Rodgers, M. A. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Physical fitness training reference manual for security force personnel at fuel cycle facilities possessing formula quantities of special nuclear materials (open access)

Physical fitness training reference manual for security force personnel at fuel cycle facilities possessing formula quantities of special nuclear materials

The recommendations contained throughout this NUREG are being provided to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) as a reference manual which can be used by licensee management as they develop a program plan for the safe participation of guards, Tactical Response Team members (TRTs), and all other armed response personnel in physical fitness training and in physical performance standards testing. The information provided in this NUREG will help licensees to determine if guards, TRTs, and other armed response personnel can effectively perform their normal and emergency duties without undue hazard to themselves, to fellow employees, to the plant site, and to the general public. The recommendations in this NUREG are similar in part to those contained within the Department of Energy (DOE) Medical and Fitness Implementation Guide which was published in March 1991. The guidelines contained in this NUREG are not requirements, and compliance is not required. 25 refs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Arzino, P. A.; Caplan, C. S. & Goold, R. E. (California State Univ., Hayward, CA (United States). Foundation)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Continuum damping of low-n toroidicity-induced shear Alfven eigenmodes (open access)

Continuum damping of low-n toroidicity-induced shear Alfven eigenmodes

The effect of resonant continuum damping is investigated for the low-mode-number, toroidicity-induced, global shear Alfven eigenmodes, which can be self-excited by energetic circulating alpha particles in an ignited tokamak plasma. Resonant interaction with the shear Alfven continuum is possible for these eigenmodes, especially near the plasma periphery, leading to significant dissipation, which is typically larger than direct bulk plasma dissipation rates. Two perturbation methods are developed for obtaining the Alfven resonance damping rate from the ideal fluid zeroth-order shear Alfven eigenvalue and eigenfunction. In both methods the real part of the frequency is estimated to zeroth order, and the imaginary part, which includes the damping rate, is then obtained by perturbation theory. One method, which is applicable when the eigenfunction is nearly real, can readily be incorporated into general MHD codes. In the second method, the zeroth-order eigenfunctions may be complex; however, the application of this method to general MHD codes needs more detailed development. Also, an analytical estimate is found for the next-order real frequency shift of the fluid global Alfven mode. Analytical and numerical studies of this continuum damping effect indicate that it can substantially reduce the alpha particle-induced growth rate. Thus, either it is possible to prevent …
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Berk, H.L.; Van Dam, J.W.; Guo, Z. & Lindberg, D.M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Configuration Management Program Plan (open access)

Configuration Management Program Plan

Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC) has established a configuration management (CM) plan to execute the SRS CM Policy and the requirements of the DOE Order 4700.1. The Reactor Restart Division (RRD) has developed its CM Plan under the SRS CM Program and is implementing it via the RRD CM Program Plan and the Integrated Action Plan. The purpose of the RRD CM program is to improve those processes which are essential to the safe and efficient operation of SRS production reactors. This document provides details of this plan.
Date: September 25, 1991
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Liquefaction of coals using ultra-fine particle, unsupported catalysts: In situ generation by rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions (open access)

Liquefaction of coals using ultra-fine particle, unsupported catalysts: In situ generation by rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions

The program objective is to generate ultra-fine catalyst particles (20 to 400 {Angstrom} in size) and quantify their potential for improving coal dissolution in the solubilization stage of two-stage catalytic-catalytic liquefaction systems. In the first quarterly report for this program the concept behind our approach was detailed, the structure of the program was presented, key technical issues were identified, preliminary designs were outlined, and technical progress was discussed. All progress made during the second quarter of this program related to experiment design of the proposed supercritical expansion technique for generating ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles. This second quarterly report, therefore, presents descriptions of the final designs for most system components; diagnostic approaches and designs for determining particles size and size distributions, and the composition of the pre-expansion supercritical solution; and the overall technique progress made during this reporting period. 6 refs., 15 figs., 1 tab.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Utility FGD survey, January--December 1988 (open access)

Utility FGD survey, January--December 1988

This report summarizes the status of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) technology as of December 1988. It highlights the status of the electric utility power industry, projected growth of coal-fired power generation, and the current status and future trends in FGD application. Also discussed is the implementation status of other control technologies such as fluidized bed boilers, which utilities may opt for instead of FGD systems. 15 refs., 2 figs., 10 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Hance, S.L.; McKibben, R.S. & Jones, F.M. (IT Corp., Cincinnati, OH (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Complex temporal and spatial patterns in nonequilibrium systems (open access)

Complex temporal and spatial patterns in nonequilibrium systems

Dynamical systems methods are being developed and used to characterize the formation and evolution of temporal and spatial patterns in systems maintained far from equilibrium. In particular, experiments and analyses are considering electrodeposition of fractal metallic clusters, pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems, and the primary instabilities of some fluid flows. Novel reactors have been developed to search for chemical patterns (spatial variations in the chemical composition), and sustained patterns have been found in several different one- and two-dimensional geometries. Bifurcations in these patterns are studied by varying control parameters, e.g., the concentrations of the feed chemicals or the temperature. The observed two-dimensional chemical patterns range from the stationary patterns, similar to those predicted by Turing in 1952 but not observed until 1990, to chemical turbulence, which is characterized by large numbers of defects and a rapid decay of spatial correlations. These provide general insights into the formation of spatiotemporal patterns in nonequilibrium systems.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Swinney, H. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Writer's Guide for technical procedures (open access)

Writer's Guide for technical procedures

A primary objective throughout the Department of Energy (DOE) complex is that operations be conducted in a deliberate and controlled manner with emphasis upon recognition and maintenance of the facility-specific safety envelope. One critical element of maintaining the safety envelope is procedures. DOE is providing guidance through this and other writer's guides to assist procedure writers across the DOE complex in producing accurate, complete, and usable procedures that promote safe and efficient operations in keeping with such DOE Orders as 5480.19, Conduct of Operations for DOE Facilities'', 5480.5, Safety of Nuclear facilities'', and 5480.6, Safety of Department of Energy-Owned Nuclear Reactors''. This Writer's Guide addresses the content, format, and style of technical procedures (procedures that prescribe production, operation of equipment and facilities, and maintenance activities) and is intended to be applied in a manner appropriate to the individual facility, 15 refs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Proposed research on advanced accelerator concepts (open access)

Proposed research on advanced accelerator concepts

This report summarizes technical progress and accomplishments during the proposed three-year research on advanced accelerator concepts supported by the Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG02-88ER40465. A vigorous theoretical program has been pursued in critical problem areas related to advanced accelerator concepts and the basic equilibrium, stability, and radiation properties of intense charged particle beams. Broadly speaking, our research has made significant contributions in the following three major areas: Investigations of physics issues related to particle acceleration including two-beam accelerators and cyclotron resonance laser (CRL) accelerators; Investigations of RF sources including the free- electron lasers, cyclotron resonance masers, and relativistic magnetrons; Studies of coherent structures in electron plasmas and beams ranging from a low-density, nonrelativistic, pure electron plasma column to high-density, relativistic, non-neutral electron flow in a high-voltage diode. The remainder of this report presents theoretical and computational advances in these areas.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Davidson, R.C. & Wurtele, J.S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Liquefaction of coals using ultra-fine particle, unsupported catalysts: In situ generation by rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions (open access)

Liquefaction of coals using ultra-fine particle, unsupported catalysts: In situ generation by rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions

The purpose of this program is to design and fabricate an experimental ultra-fine particle generation system; use this system to generate ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles; and to access the ability of these ultra-fine catalyst particles to improve the performance of the solubilization stage of two-stage, catalytic-catalytic liquefaction processes. The effort applied to this program during this reporting period was devoted to experimental design and fabrication tasks.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A cryogenic system design for the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) (open access)

A cryogenic system design for the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER)

A conceptual design for ITER was completed last year. The author developed a suitable cryogenic system for ITER as part of this conceptual design effort. An overview of the design is reported. Emphasis is on the fact that cryogenics is a mature science, and a system supporting ITER needs can be made from time-proven components without loss of efficiency or reliability. Because of the large size of the ITER cryogenic system, large numbers of compressors and expanders must be used. Very high reliability is assured by arranging these components in parallel banks where servicing of individual components can be done without interruption of operations. This and other ideas based on the author's experience with Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF) operations are described. 5 refs., 3 figs.
Date: September 25, 1991
Creator: Slack, D.S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of TRAC and RELAP5 reactor system calculations for a DEGB LOCA in K-14. 1 (open access)

Comparison of TRAC and RELAP5 reactor system calculations for a DEGB LOCA in K-14. 1

A comparison of TRAC and RELAP5 predictions of steady-state and DEGB LOCA results (FI phase) for K-14.1 has been made. Both codes had been previously benchmarked against 1985 L Reactor AC Flow data and were under configuration control. The purpose of the code-to-code comparison is to provide insight on the transient uncertainty in TRAC plenum and tank bottom plenum pressures. The comparisons focus on LOCA results between 0.5 and 2.0 s, which is the primary period of interest for Flow Instability (FI) limits.
Date: September 1, 1990
Creator: Griggs, D.P. (Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States)) & Liebmann, M.L. (Wais and Associates (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Seismic hazard evaluation for the high-flux isotope reactor (HFIR) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (open access)

Seismic hazard evaluation for the high-flux isotope reactor (HFIR) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

This study investigates the probabilistic hazard of earthquake-induced ground shaking at the HFIR facility, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. These results will be used to calculate plant response and potential effects in a Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA). For this purpose, several guidelines apply to this work. First, both the frequency of exceedance and the uncertainty in frequency of exceedance of various ground motion levels must be represented. These are required by the PRA so that the frequency and uncertainty of various possible plant states can be expressed. Second, there is a deliberate attempt to provide an unbiased distribution of frequencies of exceedance, i.e. to present results that are neither conservative nor unconservative. This is consistent with the goals of a PRA, to provide unbiased estimates of plant effects from which appropriate decisions (for instance about evaluating existing levels of seismic design) can be reached. Recent intensive studies of seismic hazard in the central and eastern United States (CEUS) have been completed by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). These studies represent major efforts to characterize the seismic hazard for nuclear power plants in the CEUS, and use the most recent, up-to-date understandings of seismicity and ground motion relations for the region. With …
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: McGuire, R.K. & Toro, G.R. (Risk Engineering, Inc., Golden, CO (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A replaceable reflective film for solar concentrators (open access)

A replaceable reflective film for solar concentrators

The 3M Company manufactures a silvered acrylic film called ECP-305 that is regarded as the preferred reflective film for use on stretched-membrane heliostats. However, ECP-305 will degrade in time, due to both corrosion of the silver layer and delamination at the film's silver-to-acrylic interface, and will eventually need to be replaced. 3M uses a very aggressive adhesive on this film, and once it is laminated, replacement is very difficult. The purpose of this investigation was the development of a replaceable reflector, a reflective film that can be easily removed and replaced. A replaceable reflector was successfully configured by laminating ECP-305 to the top surface of a smooth, dimensionally stable polymer film, with a removable adhesive applied to the underside of the polymer film. Several stages of screening and testing led to the selection of a 0.010-inch thick polycarbonate (GE 8030) as the best polymer film and a medium tack tape (3M Y-9425) was selected as the best removable adhesive. To demonstrate the feasibility of the replaceable reflector concept and to provide a real-time field test, the chosen construction was successfully applied to the 50-m{sup 2} SKI heliostat at the Central Receiver Test Facility at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque. 4 …
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oak Ridge Reservation Environmental report for 1990 (open access)

Oak Ridge Reservation Environmental report for 1990

The first two volumes of this report are devoted to a presentation of environmental data and supporting narratives for the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) and surrounding environs during 1990. Volume 1 includes all narrative descriptions, summaries, and conclusions and is intended to be a stand-alone'' report for the ORR for the reader who does not want to review in detail all of the 1990 data. Volume 2 includes the detailed data summarized in a format to ensure that all environmental data are represented in the tables. Narratives are not included in Vol. 2. The tables in Vol. 2 are addressed in Vol. 1. For this reason, Vol. 2 cannot be considered a stand-alone report but is intended to be used in conjunction with Vol. 1.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Wilson, A.R. (ed.)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dilepton (e sup + e sup minus ) production recent pp and pd studies with DLS at Berkeley (open access)

Dilepton (e sup + e sup minus ) production recent pp and pd studies with DLS at Berkeley

The use of dileptons as probes of hot, dense hadronic matter is described. Preliminary results on dileptons produced in p-p and p-d interactions at the Bevalac are presented along with potential ramifications for existing model calculations of dileptons at these energies. Future directions of the dilepton program at Berkeley are outlined. 14 refs., 3 figs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Schroeder, L. S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced photovoltaic concentrator system low-cost prototype module (open access)

Advanced photovoltaic concentrator system low-cost prototype module

This report describes the continued development of an extruded lens and the development of a PV receiver, both of which will be used in the Solar Engineering Applications Corporation (SEA) 10X concentrator. These efforts were pare of a pre-Concentrator Initiative Program. The 10X concentrator consists of an inexpensive, extruded linear Fresnel lens which focuses on one-sun cells which are adhesive-bonded to an anodized aluminum heat sink. Module sides are planned to be molded along with the lens and are internally reflective for improved on- and off-track performance. End caps with molded-in bearings complete the module. Ten modules are mounted in a stationary frame for simple, single-axis tracking in the east-west direction. This configuration an array, is shipped completely assembled and requires only setting on a reasonably flat surface, installing 4 fasteners, and hooking up the wires. Development of the 10-inch wide extruded lens involved one new extrusion die and a series of modifications to this die. Over 76% lens transmission was measured which surpassed the program goal of 75%. One-foot long receiver sections were assembled and subjected to evaluation tests at Sandia National Laboratories. A first group had some problem with cell delamination and voids but a second group performed …
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Kaminar, N.R.; McEntee, J. & Curchod, D. (Solar Engineering Applications Corp., San Jose, CA (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The laser switched linac and development of a high brilliance electron source (open access)

The laser switched linac and development of a high brilliance electron source

This task originated in 1987 to explore the possibility of accelerating short bursts of electrons by pulsed power. The principal effort of our group was to demonstrate that electrons can be accelerated by picosecond-long electrical pulses which are compressed in a radial transmission line. This goal has new been achieved and our results are presented in this paper. We have achieved a gradient of 45 MV/m across a 250 {mu}m accelerating gap and have accelerated 10{sup 6} electrons in a 1 ps long pulse. The beam emerges from a 500 {mu}m hole and can be refocused to this transverse dimension. The efficiency of the system, is of order {eta} = 2 {times} 10{sup {minus}6} due to the small number of electrons accelerated. If we identify the gap spacing with one half wavelength of the accelerating r.f.,''our device is equivalent to a 600 GHz structure. The principal limitation in the accelerating gradient comes from the H.V. hold-off properties of the semiconductor disks that are used as photoconductive switches. We believe that with better materials a factor of 10 can be gained in the gradient. Similarly, the electron yield can be increased by at least three orders of magnitude if proper photocathodes …
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Melissinos, A.C.; Bamber, C.; Blalock, T.; Fry, A. & Wilson, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Weldon Spring quarry construction staging area and water treatment plant site remedial action characterization report for the Weldon Spring Site Remedial Action Project, Weldon Spring, Missouri (open access)

Weldon Spring quarry construction staging area and water treatment plant site remedial action characterization report for the Weldon Spring Site Remedial Action Project, Weldon Spring, Missouri

The quarry construction staging area (QCSA) and water treatment plant (WTP) are located in the areas that border the western edge of the Weldon Spring quarry (WSQ). These facilities were constructed to support bulk waste removal from the WSQ. This area was contaminated with U-238, Ra-226, and Th-230 and was remediated prior to construction in order to allow release of the area for use without radiological restrictions. This report documents the methods of characterization, the remediation activities, and the post remedial action sampling methods and analytical results. 4 refs., 6 figs., 4 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Preliminary economic evaluation of the Alkox process (open access)

Preliminary economic evaluation of the Alkox process

A new chemical process has been invented at Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories for converting alkanes to alcohols. This new chemistry has been named the Alkox Process.'' Pacific Northwest Laboratory prepared a preliminary economic analysis for converting cyclohexane to cyclohexanol, which may be one of the most attractive applications of the Alkox process. A process flow scheme and a material balance were prepared to support rough equipment sizing and costing. The results from the economic analysis are presented in the non-proprietary section of this report. The process details, including the flow diagram and material balance, are contained in separate section of this report that is proprietary to Battelle. 7 refs., 4 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Silva, L.J.; Lilga, M.A.; Camaioni, D.M. & Snowden, L.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual hydrologic data summary for the White Oak Creek Watershed: Water Year 1990 (October 1989--September 1990) (open access)

Annual hydrologic data summary for the White Oak Creek Watershed: Water Year 1990 (October 1989--September 1990)

This report summarizes, for the Water Year 1990 (October 1989-- September 1990), the dynamic hydrologic data collected on the Whiteoak Creek (WOC) Watershed's surface and subsurface flow systems. These systems affect the quality or quantity of surface water and groundwater. The collection of hydrologic data is one component of numerous, ongoing Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) environmental studies and monitoring programs and is intended to 1. characterize the quantity and quality of water in the flow system, 2. plan and assess remedial action activities, and 3. provide long-term availability of data and assure quality. Characterizing the hydrology of the WOC watershed provides a better understanding of the processes which drive contaminant transport in the watershed. Identifying of spatial and temporal trends in hydrologic parameters and mechanisms that affect the movement of contaminants supports the development of interim corrective measures and remedial restoration alternatives. Hydrologic monitoring supports long-term assessment of the effectiveness of remedial actions in limiting the transport of contaminants across Waste Area Grouping boundaries and ultimately to the off-site environment. The majority of the data summarized in this report are available from the Remedial Action Programs Data and Information Management System data base. Surface water data available within the …
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Borders, D. M.; Gregory, S. M.; Clapp, R. B.; Frederick, B. J.; Moore, G. K.; Watts, J. A. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Technical basis, supporting information, and strategy for development and implementation of DOE policy for natural phenomena hazards (open access)

Technical basis, supporting information, and strategy for development and implementation of DOE policy for natural phenomena hazards

Policy for addressing natural phenomenon comprises a hierarchy of interrelated documents. The top level of policy is contained in the code of Federal Regulations which establishes the framework and intent to ensure overall safety of DOE facilities when subjected to the effects of natural phenomena. The natural phenomena to be considered include earthquakes and tsunami, winds, hurricanes and tornadoes, floods, volcano effects and seiches. Natural phenomena criteria have been established for design of new facilities; evaluation of existing facilities; additions, modifications, and upgrades to existing facilities; and evaluation criteria for new or existing sites. Steps needed to implement these four general criteria are described. The intent of these criteria is to identify WHAT needs to be done to ensure adequate protection from natural phenomena. The commentary provides discussion of WHY this is needed for DOE facilities within the complex. Implementing procedures identifying HOW to carry out these criteria are next identified. Finally, short and long term tasks needed to identify the implementing procedure are tabulated. There is an overall need for consistency throughout the DOE complex related to natural phenomena including consistent terminology, policy, and implementation. 1 fig, 6 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1991
Creator: Murray, R. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library