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15,742 Matching Results
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Expected Harmonics (Version 1.0) in BNL-built LHC Dipoles
None
Date:
January 1, 1998
Creator:
A., Jain
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogeologic characterization of the cretaceous-tertiary Coastal Plain sequence at the Savannah River Site
Several hydrostratigraphic classification schemes have been devised to describe the hydrogeology at the Savannah River Site SRS. Central to these schemes is the one-to-one fixed relationship between the hydrostratigraphic units and the lithostratigraphic units currently favored for the Site. This fixed relationship has proven difficult to apply in studies of widely separated locations at the Site due to the various facies observed in the updip Coastal Plain sequence. A detailed analysis and synthesis of the geophysical, core, and hydrologic data available from more than 164 deep wells from 23 cluster locations both on the Site and in the surrounding region was conducted to provide the basis for a hydrostratigraphic classification scheme which could be applied to the entire SRS region. As a result, an interim hydrostratigraphic classification was developed that defines the regional hydrogeologic characteristics of the aquifers underlying the Site (Aadland et al., 1990). The hydrostratigraphic code accounts for and accommodates the rapid lateral variation in lithofacies observed in the region, and eliminates all formal'' connection between the hydrostratigraphic nomenclature and the lithostratigraphic nomenclature. The code is robust and can be made as detailed as is needed to characterize the aquifer units and aquifer zones described in Site-specific studies. …
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Aadland, R. K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrostratigraphy of the General Separations Area, Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina
Detailed analysis and synthesis of geophysical, core, and hydrologic data from 230 wells were used to delineate the hydrostratigraphy and aquifer characteristics of the General Separations Area at SRS. The study area is hydrologically bounded on the north and northwest by Upper Three Runs Creek (UTRC) and on the south by Fourmile Branch (FB). The Cretaceous-Tertiary sedimentary sequence underlying the study area is divided into two Aquifer Systems; in ascending order, Aquifer Systems I and 11. The study concentrated on Aquifer System U, which includes all the Tertiary sediments above the Black Mingo Group (Paleocene) to the water table. This report includes a series of lithostratigraphic cross-sections, piezometric gradient profiles, head ratio contour maps, aquifer isopach maps, and potentiometric surface maps which illustrate the aquifer characteristics of the study area.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Aadland, R. K.; Harris, M. K.; Lewis, C. M.; Gaughan, T. F. & Westbrook, T. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrostratigraphy of the General Separations Area, Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina
Detailed analysis and synthesis of geophysical, core, and hydrologic data from 230 wells were used to delineate the hydrostratigraphy and aquifer characteristics of the General Separations Area at SRS. The study area is hydrologically bounded on the north and northwest by Upper Three Runs Creek (UTRC) and on the south by Fourmile Branch (FB). The Cretaceous-Tertiary sedimentary sequence underlying the study area is divided into two Aquifer Systems; in ascending order, Aquifer Systems I and 11. The study concentrated on Aquifer System U, which includes all the Tertiary sediments above the Black Mingo Group (Paleocene) to the water table. This report includes a series of lithostratigraphic cross-sections, piezometric gradient profiles, head ratio contour maps, aquifer isopach maps, and potentiometric surface maps which illustrate the aquifer characteristics of the study area.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Aadland, R. K.; Harris, M. K.; Lewis, C. M.; Gaughan, T. F. (Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States)) & Westbrook, T. M. (Dames and Moore, Atlanta, GA (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lithological and hydrological characteristics of the tertiary hydrostratigraphic systems of the general separations area at the Savannah River Site
The General Separations Area (GSA) is an approximately 15-square-mile area near the geographic center of the Savannah River Site (SRS). The SRS is located in the Upper Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic province of South Carolina on the Aiken Plateau at an elevation of approximately 300 feet above mean sea level. The sedimentary sequence of the GSA comprises unconsolidated sediments ranging in age from Cretaceous to Holocene with isolated zones of consolidated sediments. The Tertiary sediments are composed of sand, silt, clay, and calcareous materials of varying composition. The alpha-numeric hydrostratigraphic nomenclature proposed by Aadland (1990) is used herein. The Tertiary-age lithostratigraphic sequence at the GSA is composed predominantly of terrigenous clastics interspersed with carbonate-rich clastics and limestones. The calcareous lithologies are discontinuous and divided into a lower and upper zone. 15 refs., 2 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Aadland, R.K. (Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (USA)); Harris, M.K. & Westbrook, T.M. (Dames and Moore, Atlanta, GA (USA))
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dealing with duplicate regulations and conflicting jurisdictions
There are a number of situations where mixed wastes are regulated by dual regulations and regulators. This presentation attempts to show where such duplication exists and how it evolved historically through legislative actions. The presentation includes a discussion of strategies that have been used to deal with the problems that result from duplicate regulations and jurisdictional conflicts. The RCRA and AEA regulations are really more similar than dissimilar. There are significant issues that must be worked through with the regulators. It is most important to work with your regulators early in process. The following are suggestions for dealing with the regulators. (1) Know the regulations in advance of discussions. (2) Begin dialogue with the regulator(s) as early as possible and get to know the people you will be dealing with -- and let them know you. (3) Explain the technical/regulatory issues/problems that you face at your facility in sufficient detail that they are clearly understood, and work with the regulator(s) to reasonably address them in the language/requirements of the permit. (4) Always attempt to comply with the regulations first before going in with a variance request -- document your efforts, and be honest with your assessment of issues. (5) Don't …
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Aamodt, P. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fundamental studies of fusion plasmas. Final report
Lodestar has carried out a vigorous research program in the areas of rf, edge plasma and divertor physics, with emphasis largely geared towards improving the understanding and performance of ion-cyclotron heating and current drive (ICRF) systems. Additionally, a research program in the field of edge plasma and divertor modeling was initiated. Theoretical work on high power rf sheath formation for multi-strap rf arrays was developed and benchmarked against recent experimental data from the new JET A2 antennas. Sophisticated modeling tools were employed to understand the sheath formation taking into account realistic three-dimensional antenna geometry. A novel physics explanation of an observed anomaly in the low power loading of antennas was applied to qualitatively interpret data on DIII-D in terms of rf sheaths, and potential applications of the idea to develop a near-field sheath diagnostic were explored. Other rf-wave related topics were also investigated. Full wave ICRF modeling studies were carried out in support of ongoing and planned tokamaks experiments, including the investigation of low frequency plasma heating and current drive regimes for IGNITOR. In a cross-disciplinary study involving both MHD and ICRF physics, ponderomotive feedback stabilization by rf was investigated as a potential means of controlling external kink mode disruptions. …
Date:
January 30, 1998
Creator:
Aamodt, R.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Soviet-American gallium experiment at Baksan
A gallium solar neutrino detector is sensitive to the full range of the solar neutrino spectrum, including the low-energy neutrinos from the fundamental proton-proton fusion reaction. If neutrino oscillations in the solar interior are responsible for the suppressed {sup 8}B flux measured by the Homestake {sup 37}Cl experiment and the Kamiokande water Cherenkov detector, then a comparison of the gallium, chlorine, and water results may make possible a determination of the neutrino mass difference and mixing angle. A 30-ton gallium detector is currently operating in the Baksan laboratory in the Soviet Union, with a ratio of expected solar signal to measured background (during the first one to two {sup 71}Ge half lives) of approximately one. 28 refs.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Abazov, A. I.; Abdurashitov, D. N.; Anosov, O. L.; Danshin, S. N.; Eroshkina, L. A.; Faizov, E. L. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
First Results From the Soviet-American Gallium Experiment
The Soviet-American Gallium Experiment is the first experiment able to measure the dominant flux of low energy p-p solar neutrinos. Four extractions made during January to May 1990 from 30 tons of gallium have been counted and indicate that the flux is consistent with 0 SNU and is less than 72 SNU (68% CL) and less than 138 SNU (95% CL). This is to be compared with the flux of 132 SNU predicted by the Standard Solar Model. 10 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Abazov, A. I.; Abdurashitov, D. N.; Anosov, O. L.; Eroshkina, L. A.; Faizov, E. L.; Gavrin, V. N. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Results From the Soviet-American Gallium Experiment
A radiochemical {sup 71}Ga-{sup 71}Ge experiment to determine the primary flux of neutrinos from the Sun has begun operation at the Baksan Neutrino Observatory. The number of {sup 71}Ge atoms extracted from thirty tons of gallium was measured in five runs during the period of January to July 1990. Assuming that the extraction efficiency for {sup 71}Ge atoms produced by solar neutrinos is the same as from natural Ge carrier, we observed the capture rate to be 20 + 15/{minus}20 (stat) {plus minus} 32 (syst) SNU, resulting in a limit of less than 79 SNU (90% CL). This is to be compared with 132 SNU predicted by the Standard Solar Model.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Abazov, A. I.; Anosov, O. L.; Faizov, E. L.; Gavrin, V. N.; Kalikhov, A. V.; Knodel, T. V. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal Treatment of Wastes in an Advanced Cyclonic Combustor
IGT is developing an advanced waste combustion concept, based on cyclonic combustion principles, for application to a wide range of industrial wastes. In IGT's cyclonic combustor, a mixture of fuel and combustion air is fed tangentially at a relatively high velocity into a cylindrical chamber. The waste is injected either tangentially with the fuel or separately in a tangential, radial, or axial configuration. This approach provides high combustion intensity with internal recirculation of combustion products, which results in extremely stable and complete combustion, even at relatively low temperatures. IGT has performed three successful test programs involving cyclonic waste combustion for industrial clients. In one program, industrial wastewaters containing 40% to 50% organics and inorganics with heating values of 1600 to 3270 Btu/lb were combusted to 99.9% completion at only 2000{degrees}F. The low combustion temperature minimized the supplemental fuel required. In another program, simulated low-Btu industrial off-gases (55 to 65 BTu/SCF) were successfully combusted with stable combustion at 1900{degrees}F using air and waste preheat. Supplemental fuel was unnecessary because of the mixing that occurs in the cyclonic combustor. The conversion of fuel-bonded nitrogen to NO{sub x} was as low as 5%, and CO levels were in the range of 25 to …
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Abbasi, H. A.; Khinkis, M. J. & Kunc, W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of Natural Gas Injection Technology for NO Sub X Reduction From Municipal Waste Combustors
Natural gas injection (NGI) technology for reducing NO{sub x} emissions from municipal waste combustors (MWCs) is being developed. The approach involves the injection of natural gas, together with recirculated flue gases (for mixing), above the grate to provide reducing combustion conditions that promote the destruction of NO{sub x} precursors, as well as NO{sub x}. Extensive development testing was subsequently carried out in a 2.5 {times} 10{sup 6} Btu/h (0.7 MWth) pilot-scale MWC firing actual MSW. Both tests, using simulated combustion products and actual MSW, showed that 50% to 70% NO{sub x} reduction could be achieved. These results were used to define the key operating parameters. A full-scale system has been designed and retrofitted to a 100-ton/day Riley/Takuma mass burn system at the Olmsted County Waste-to-Energy facility. The system was designed to provide variation in the key parameters to not only optimize the process for the Olmsted unit, but also to acquire design data for MWCs of other sizes and designs. Extensive testing was conducted to December 1990 and January 1991 to evaluate the effectiveness of NGI. This paper concentrates on the METHANE de-NO{sub x} system retrofit and testing. The results show simultaneous reductions of 60% in NO{sub x}, 50% in …
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Abbasi, H. A.; Khinkis, Mark J.; Penterson, Craig A.; Zone, F.; Dunnette, R.; Nakazato, K. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of natural gas reburning for control of NO sub x from municipal waste combustors
The Gas Research Institute (GRI) and the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT), in cooperation with Riley Stoker Corporation (Riley), USA, and Takuma Company Ltd. (Takuma), Japan, have developed a gas reburn process for application to municipal waste combustors (MWCs). The reburn process is based on extensive full-scale MWC in-furnace characterization and furnace gas simulation experimental testing. The approach, based on the use of recirculated flue gas to inject and mix natural gas in the reburn zone and control the stoichiometry, was developed and tested in a pilot-scale MWC firing actual municipal waste at a rate of 5.5 metric tons/day. The furnace simulation and the pilot tests define the key process parameters and show that 50% to 70% NO{sub x} reduction can be achieved. A full-scale reburn system has been designed and retrofitted into a full-scale 100-ton/day commercial Riley/Takuma MWC. Field evaluation began in December 1990. This paper describes the results of the development studies and the plans for full-scale system testing. Although the results of full-scale testing are not available for inclusion in this transcript, they will be presented with conclusions at the conference. 2 refs., 10 figs., 5 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Abbasi, H.; Tarman, P.B. (Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)) & Linz, D.G. (Gas Research Inst., Chicago, IL (United States))
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of novel copper-based sorbents for hot-gas cleanup
The objective of this investigation is to evaluate several novel copper-based binary oxides for their suitability as regenerable sorbents for hot gas cleanup application in the temperature range of 650{degree} to 850{degree}C (1200{degree}--1550{degree}F). To achieve this objective, several novel copper-based binary oxide sorbents will be prepared. Experimental tests will be conducted at ambient pressure to determine the stability, sulfidation capacity, regenerability, and sulfidation kinetics of the novel sorbents. Tests will also be conducted at high pressure for the determination of the sulfidation reactivity, regenerability, and durability of the sorbents. The attrition characteristics of the sorbents will also be determined.
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Abbasian, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Stabilization and/or regeneration of spent sorbents from coal gasification
The objective of this investigation is to determine the effects of SO{sub 2} partial pressure and reaction temperature on the conversion of sulfide containing solid wastes from coal gasifiers to stable and environmentally acceptable calcium-sulfate, while preventing the release of sulfur dioxide through undesirable side reactions during the stabilization step. An additional objective of this program is to investigate the use of the Spent Sorbent Regeneration Process (SSRP) to regenerate spent limestone, from a fluidized-bed gasifier with in-bed sulfur capture, for recycling to the gasifier. To achieve these objectives, selected samples of partially sulfided sorbents will be reacted with oxygen at a variety of operating conditions under sufficient SO{sub 2} partial pressure to prevent release of sulfur from the solids during stabilization that reduces the overall sorbent utilization. Partially sulfided limestone will also be regenerated with water to produce calcium hydroxide and release sulfur as H{sub 2}S. The regenerated sorbent will be dewatered, dried and pelletized. The reactivity of the regenerated sorbent toward H{sub 2}S will also be determined. During this quarter sulfidation tests were conducted in a quartz fluidized-bed reactor in which the selected calcium-based sorbents were first calcined and then were reacted with hydrogen sulfide at ambient pressure …
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Abbasian, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experience with certifying borated stainless steel as a shipping cask basket material
The original cask designs for a cask demonstration project featured fuel baskets constructed of borated stainless steel (bss) as a structural material. The project is intended to demonstrate casks that can be used for both shipping and storing spent nuclear fuel assemblies. The baskets were intended to maintain the fuel assemblies in a subcritical array for both normal and accident conditions. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission, however, judged bss to be unacceptable as a structural material. The cask designs were subsequently modified. The knowledge gained during this cask demonstration project may be applicable to development of bss as a basket material in future cask design. 6 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Abbott, D.G. (EG and G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls, ID (USA)) & Nickell, R.E. (Applied Science and Technology, Inc., Poway, CA (USA))
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Multiphoton physics with x-rays: Two photon K-shell ionization of chlorine
A calculation of the two X-ray K-shell photoionization cross section of chlorine will be presented and the feasibility of an experiment will be discussed.
Date:
January 1, 1993
Creator:
Abdallah, J.; Collins, L. A.; Csanak, G.; Kyrala, G. A. & Schappert, G. T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cyclotron subharmonics resonant (CSR) heating
The cyclotron subharmonics resonant (CSR) heating mechanism is studied using particle simulation codes with an emphasis on the relationship between CSR and the nonlinear Landua damping.
Date:
January 1, 1994
Creator:
Abe, H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electricity Restructuring Background: Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA)
This report provides background information on PUHCA, including its history and impact. It also discusses how PUHCA reform fits into the current electric utility industry restructuring debate. This report will be updated as events warrant. For related information on electricity restructuring, see the CRS Electronic Briefing Book.
Date:
January 7, 1999
Creator:
Abel, Amy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Elucidation of fundamental properties of helium in metals by nuclear magnetic resonance techniques
The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) properties of very high density {sup 3}He in metals are discussed in the context of the corresponding properties in relatively high density bulk {sup 3}He. In particular, the effects of the {sup 3}He diffusion on the contribution of the {sup 3}He-{sup 3}He dipolar interaction to the lineshape and to the spin-lattice relaxation parameter (T{sub 1}) are described. It is shown that the temperature dependence of the lineshape and of T{sub 1} are independent sources of information about helium density and also about helium diffusivity. Moreover, T{sub 1} is shown to be a sensitive indicator of melting transitions in bulk {sup 3}He. Palladium tritide is presented as a model system for NMR studies of {sup 3}He in metals. Experimental NMR studies of this system reveal behavior analogous to what has been observed for bulk helium. Evidence for a {sup 3}He phase transition near 250 K is provided by the temperature dependence of T{sub 1}. Assuming this to be a melting transition, a density is obtained from the bulk helium EOS that is in good agreement with theory and with swelling measurements on related metal tritides. {sup 3}He NMR measurements have also provided information about the density …
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Abell, G.C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of an electrochemical hydrogen separator
The electrochemical hydrogen separator (EHS), under development at ERC, has several attractive features: The operating temperature (150[degree]C--200[degree]C) is higher than those associated with the currently available devices and is compatible with the low temperature shift reactors. The EHS can operate at atmospheric as well as elevated pressures and the product H[sub 2] is available at the feed stream pressure. High hydrogen recovery factor: 90% H[sub 2] recovery from feed streams containing less than 10% hydrogen is feasible. High hydrogen purity: The product H[sub 2] purity is >99% (dry basis) and is virtually independent of H[sub 2] concentration in the feed gas. The process is continuous. Low energy cost: Depending upon the operating conditions, the energy requirement varies between 2 to 6 kWh/1000 SCF of recovered hydrogen.
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
Abens, S.; Fruchtman, J. & Kush, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Behavior of W and WSi(x) Contact Metallization on n- and p- Type GaN
Sputter-deposited W-based contacts on p-GaN (N{sub A} {approximately} 10{sup 18} cm{sup {minus}3}) display non-ohmic behavior independent of annealing temperature when measured at 25 C. The transition to ohmic behavior occurs above {approximately} 250 C as more of the acceptors become ionized. The optimum annealing temperature is {approximately} 700 C under these conditions. These contacts are much more thermally stable than the conventional Ni/Au metallization, which shows a severely degraded morphology even at 700 C. W-based contacts may be ohmic as-deposited on very heavily doped n-GaN, and the specific contact resistance improves with annealing up to {approximately} 900 C.
Date:
January 5, 1999
Creator:
Abernathy, C. R.; Cao, X. A.; Cole, M. W.; Eizenberg, M.; Lothian, J. R.; Pearton, S. J. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Inductively Coupled Plasma Etching of III-Nitrides in Cl(2)/Xe,Cl(2)/Ar and Cl(2)/He
The role of additive noble gases He, Ar and Xe to C&based Inductively Coupled Plasmas for etching of GaN, AIN and InN were examined. The etch rates were a strong function of chlorine concentration, rf chuck power and ICP source power. The highest etch rates for InN were obtained with C12/Xe, while the highest rates for AIN and GaN were obtained with C12/He. Efficient breaking of the 111-nitrogen bond is crucial for attaining high etch rates. The InN etching was dominated by physical sputtering, in contrast to GaN and AIN. In the latter cases, the etch rates were limited by initial breaking of the III-nitrogen bond. Maximum selectivities of -80 for InN to GaN and InN to AIN were obtained.
Date:
January 5, 1999
Creator:
Abernathy, C.R.; Cho, H.; Donovan, S.M.; Hahn, Y.B.; Hays, D.C.; Jung, K.B. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Depth Measurement of Moving Slurry at the Wet End of a Paper Machine
The paper industry has long had a need to better understand and control its papermaking process upstream, specifically at the wet end in the forming section of a paper machine. A vision-based system is under development that addresses this need by automatically measuring and interpreting the pertinent paper web parameters at the wet end in real time. The wet-end characterization of the paper web by a vision system involves a four-dimensional measurement of the slurry in real time. These measurements include the two-dimensional spatial information, the intensity profile, and the depth profile. This paper describes the real-time depth profile measurement system for the high-speed moving slurry. A laser line-based measurement method is used with a high-speed programmable camera to directly measure slurry height. The camera is programmed with a profile algorithm, producing depth data at fast sampling rates. Analysis and experimentation have been conducted to optimize the system for the characteristics of the slurry and laser line image. On-line experimental results are presented.
Date:
January 24, 1999
Creator:
Abidi, B. R.; Goddard, J. S., Jr.; Hunt, M. A.; Sari-Sarraf, H. & Turner, J. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library