This report presents work done on a laboratory combustor in an attempt to identify mechanisms that govern the simultaneous capture of alkali and sulfur species using sorbent injection techniques. The mechanisms of capture fall into two broad categories i.e. Physical transport of alkali species (in vapor or condensed phase) to the sorbent surface and surface reaction between the alkali species and the sorbents. Water solubility, though not specific, has been used to get an indication of relative significance of these two broad mechanisms. It is assumed that the physically adsorbed alkali species on sorbents are predominantly water soluble while the chemically reacted alkali content is predominantly water insoluble. In order to infer possible dominant mechanisms, specific parameters has been varied during experimentation. Such parameters include, speciation, particle time-temperature history, and furnace burning conditions.

Research continues on the flow properties of wet solids. During this period we have made: progress in the analysis of the accuracy of the technique, progress in firming the foundations of LIPA for Solid-Liquid Mixtures, progress in the construction of better prototype skimmers, continued progress in chemically manufacturing both more red europium imbedded CaF{sub 2} and Green liquid Flowlite, and progress in understanding the coupling of LIPA chemicals snd dynamic range and timing. (VC)

The objective is to develop and test various integrated solar heating, cooling and domestic hot water systems, and to evaluate their performance. Systems composed of new, as well as previously tested, components are carefully integrated so that effects of new components on system performance can be clearly delineated. The SEAL-DOE program includes six tasks which have received funding for the 1991--92 fifteen-month period. These include: (1) a project employing isothermal operation of air and liquid solar space heating systems, (2) a project to build and test several generic solar water heaters, (3) a project that will evaluate advanced solar domestic hot water components and concepts and integrate them into solar domestic hot water systems, (4) a liquid desiccant cooling system development project, (5) a project that will perform system modeling and analysis work on solid desiccant cooling systems research, and (6) a management task. The objectives and progress in each task are described in this report.

This project is divided into four tasks. Task 1 is the Development of a Management Plan. Task 2, Evaluation of Mechanisms in FGD Sorbent and Ash Interactions, focuses on the characteristics of binary mixtures of these distinct powders. Task 3, Evaluation of Mechanisms in Conditioning Agents and Ash, is designed to examine the effects of various conditioning agents on fine ash particles to determine the mechanisms by which these agents alter the physical properties of the ash. Tasks 2 and 3 began with an extensive literature search and the assembly of existing theories. The results of the work performed under Tasks 2 and 3 will be included in a Flue Gas Conditioning Model that will be issued under Task 4. The Final Report for the project will also be prepared under Task 4. This quarterly report covers four months in order to synchronize the reporting periods for this project with US Government quarters. Work performed on the project during the past quarter consisted almost entirely of the review of literature pertaining to the objectives of Tasks 2 and 3. The primary results of that review are discussed at length in Topical Reports 1 and 2, submitted January 9, 1992. As …

Spin physics activities at medium and high energies became significantly active when polarized targets and polarized beams became accessible for hadron-hadron scattering experiments. My overview of spin physics will be inclined to the study of strong interaction using facilities at Argonne ZGS, Brookhaven AGS (including RHIC), CERN, Fermilab, LAMPF, an SATURNE. In 1960 accelerator physicists had already been convinced that the ZGS could be unique in accelerating a polarized beam; polarized beams were being accelerated through linear accelerators elsewhere at that time. However, there was much concern about going ahead with the construction of a polarized beam because (i) the source intensity was not high enough to accelerate in the accelerator, (ii) the use of the accelerator would be limited to only polarized-beam physics, that is, proton-proton interaction, and (iii) p-p elastic scattering was not the most popular topic in high-energy physics. In fact, within spin physics, [pi]-nucleon physics looked attractive, since the determination of spin and parity of possible [pi]p resonances attracted much attention. To proceed we needed more data beside total cross sections and elastic differential cross sections; measurements of polarization and other parameters were urgently needed. Polarization measurements had traditionally been performed by analyzing the spin of …

Savannah River Site supernatant liquid waste samples are periodically taken and analyzed for corrosive and inhibiting species concentrations as part of the waste tank chemistry control program. These samples are taken at or near the surface of the waste. This is the preferred location for sampling since the liquid phase at this location is the most corrosive liquid phase in the tank as a result of the highest nitrate to nitrite ratio and the lowest hydroxide concentration. This report discusses the sampling of high-level radioactive wastes at the Savannah River Site.

The project objective is to produce sufficient information on the physical and chemical nature of Coolside waste to design and construct physically stable and environmentally safe landfills. No additional swell on samples reported last month has been observed. The permeability of a specimen remolded near 100% of standard dry density and optimum moisture content and aged 14 days was 7.43 [times] 10[sup [minus]6] cm/sec. Unconfined compressive strength tests and unconsolidated undrained triaxial tests were also performed and are reported. Work has been initiated toward filling the field lysimeters. Materials, equipment and supplies are being specified and ordered including 30,000 lbs of Ottawa sand to serve as the base layer in the lysimeters.

During this last quarter, evaluations were complete on the motor materials after 500-hr exposures to refrigerants CFC-123, HFC-134a and HCFC-22 at 90{degrees}C. Materials were also evaluated after exposure to nitrogen at 127{degrees}C to determine effect of the thermal exposure. Other exposures were started during this quarter with refrigerants HCFC-124, HFC-125, HFC-143a, HFC-32 and HFC-152a. One 500 hr exposure is set up per week and one is analyzed the same week. This will enable Trane to complete the 500 hour exposures by the end of the year.

The universal drift instability and other drift instabilities driven by density and temperature gradients in a toroidal system are investigated in both linear and nonlinear regimes via particle simulation. Runs in toroidal and cylindrical geometry show dramatic differences in plasma behavior, primarily due to the toroidicity-induced coupling of rational surfaces through the poloidal mode number m. In the toroidal system studied, the eigenmodes are seen to possess (i) an elongated, nearly global radial extent (ii) a higher growth rate than in the corresponding cylindrical system, (iii) an eigenfrequency nearly constant with radius, (iv) a global temperature relaxation and enhancement of thermal heat conduction. Most importantly, the measured Xi shows an increase with radius and an absolute value on the order of that observed in experiment. On the basis of our observations, we argue that the increase in Xi with radius observed in experiment is caused by the global nature of heat convection in the presence of toroidicity-induced mode coupling.

High Efficiency Mist Eliminators (HEME) and High Efficiency Particulate Airfilters (HEPA) are to be used in the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at the Savannah River Plant to remove volatile and semi-volatile effluents from the off-gases generated during the vitrification process. When removed, these filters are likely to contain radioactive contaminants, organics, and hazardous materials, which make their disposal by normal methods impractical. Hence, an alternative disposal method is needed. The alternative disposal method evaluated in this study is dissolution of the filters with caustic and acid solutions. Dissolution converts the waste into an aqueous stream, which can be transferred to the Tank Farm and disposed of by normal means. This process was shown to be effective on a small scale in earlier studies, but the results were not well documented and the studies were not performed on fouled filters.

Permanent magnets that are levitated and rotating over a bulk high-temperature superconductor (HTS) form the basis of many superconducting bearing designs. Experiments have shown that the rotational-loss coefficient of friction'' for thrust bearings of this type can be as low as 8 [times] 10[sup [minus]6]. While the loss mechanisms of such bearings are not well understood, the azimuthal homogeneity of the rotating permanent magnet is believed to play an important role in determining the loss. One possible loss mechanism is magnetic hysteresis in the HTS, where the energy loss E per cycle is derived from the critical state model and given by E = K ([Delta]B[sup 3]/J[sub c]) where K is a geometric coefficient, [Delta]B is the variation in magnetic field at the surface of the HTS experienced during a rotation of the levitated magnet, and J[sub c] is the critical current density of the HTS. It is clear that a small decrease in [Delta]B (i.e., decreasing the azimuthal inhomogeneity of the rotating magnetic field) could have profound effects on decreasing E and the rotational coefficient of friction. The role of [Delta]B is also expected to be significant in reducing losses from eddy currents and other mechanisms. Low rotational losses …

During the period 7/9/92-10/8/92 a total of 80 samples (30 DOE Sample Bank samples and 50 other Penn State samples) of various sizes, not including DECS-17, were distributed. Fifteen of these samples were provided to DOE contractors. Six orders for a total of 80 30-gram bags of DECS-17 have been filled. All of these bags have been distributed to DOE dispersed catalyst contractors or those approved by DOE to receive the samples. A total of 188 data printouts were distributed. In addition, 15 special data requests were fulfilled by either search/sort and printout or creation of a data disk, resulting in distribution of limited information on over 1089 samples. Several preliminary requests for Sample Bank and Data Base information and price quotations have also been handled.

The aim of the research project is to explore what can be learned about turbulence from the theoretical and computational viewpoints, using the dynamical systems approach to turbulence.

This handbook was created by the staff of the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) for new Research Assistants, to introduce them to OTA policy and provide guidelines for Research Assistant activities.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a county commissioner court is authorized to promulgate regulations creating a "smoke-free" environment or designate restricted areas in county buildings or facilities for smoking (RQ-363)

During the period 7/9/92-10/8/92 a total of 80 samples (30 DOE Sample Bank samples and 50 other Penn State samples) of various sizes, not including DECS-17, were distributed. Fifteen of these samples were provided to DOE contractors. Six orders for a total of 80 30-gram bags of DECS-17 have been filled. All of these bags have been distributed to DOE dispersed catalyst contractors or those approved by DOE to receive the samples. A total of 188 data printouts were distributed. In addition, 15 special data requests were fulfilled by either search/sort and printout or creation of a data disk, resulting in distribution of limited information on over 1089 samples. Several preliminary requests for Sample Bank and Data Base information and price quotations have also been handled.

Savannah River Site supernatant liquid waste samples are periodically taken and analyzed for corrosive and inhibiting species concentrations as part of the waste tank chemistry control program. These samples are taken at or near the surface of the waste. This is the preferred location for sampling since the liquid phase at this location is the most corrosive liquid phase in the tank as a result of the highest nitrate to nitrite ratio and the lowest hydroxide concentration. This report discusses the sampling of high-level radioactive wastes at the Savannah River Site.

This report presents work done on a laboratory combustor in an attempt to identify mechanisms that govern the simultaneous capture of alkali and sulfur species using sorbent injection techniques. The mechanisms of capture fall into two broad categories i.e. Physical transport of alkali species (in vapor or condensed phase) to the sorbent surface and surface reaction between the alkali species and the sorbents. Water solubility, though not specific, has been used to get an indication of relative significance of these two broad mechanisms. It is assumed that the physically adsorbed alkali species on sorbents are predominantly water soluble while the chemically reacted alkali content is predominantly water insoluble. In order to infer possible dominant mechanisms, specific parameters has been varied during experimentation. Such parameters include, speciation, particle time-temperature history, and furnace burning conditions.

This note is mainly about the offline corrections for the target polarization measurements of E-960. For the sake of minimizing the number of separate documents, I have also included my recent thoughts about the target constant, in Sec. 6. The E-960 data-taking was done in two separate runs. With respect to having an operative NMR system, the runs dated from 27-AUG-87 to 10-DEC-87 and from 14-AUG-88 to 6-OCT-88.These runs will be referred to as the ``1987`` and ``1988`` runs, respectively. Because of the press of intervening projects, I have been unable until now to give my attention to the 1988 run of E-960. The information developed below in Secs. 3--5 is the result of my (belated) attempt to do so. A draft memo dated January 4, 1988 was previously distributed, which concerned the polarization correction factors for the 1987 run. I have reproduced the material from that memo in Sec. 2, for the sake of completeness. Also, since the analysis of the 1988 run has raised some questions about the appropriateness of the older analysis, I have augmented the material from that memo with some of the background observations and calculations that underlay its conclusions, to facilitate a comparison of …

The objective is to develop and test various integrated solar heating, cooling and domestic hot water systems, and to evaluate their performance. Systems composed of new, as well as previously tested, components are carefully integrated so that effects of new components on system performance can be clearly delineated. The SEAL-DOE program includes six tasks which have received funding for the 1991--92 fifteen-month period. These include: (1) a project employing isothermal operation of air and liquid solar space heating systems, (2) a project to build and test several generic solar water heaters, (3) a project that will evaluate advanced solar domestic hot water components and concepts and integrate them into solar domestic hot water systems, (4) a liquid desiccant cooling system development project, (5) a project that will perform system modeling and analysis work on solid desiccant cooling systems research, and (6) a management task. The objectives and progress in each task are described in this report.

This project revolves around understanding the fundamental processes involved in the catalytic removal of harmful oxygenated organics present in coal liquids. We are modelling the complex type of sulfided Mo catalyst proposed for these reactions with simple single crystal surfaces. These display a controlled range and number of reaction sites and can be extensively characterized by surface science techniques. We then investigate the reaction pathways for representative simple oxygenates upon these surfaces. We have made considerable progress in characterizing the adsorption site of sulfur on the Mo(110) surface. The sulfur is probably located in the quasi-fourfold center hollow site on the surface at a vertical distance of about 1.5{Angstrom} above the topmost metal layer. At present the calculations assume no reconstruction of the metal layer and this tentative finding may change when we allow the metal to reconstruct. We have also progressed in our understanding of the reactions of furan on these surfaces. The data is therefore consistent with propane adsorption being hindered relative to either ethylene or furan, but the release of hydrogen from adsorbed furan is a higher energy process than the equivalent process for a simple hydrocarbon. The effect of preadsorbed S on furan and hydrocarbon adsorption …

This investigation was sponsored by the Los Alamos National Laboratory in an effort to understand better the phenomenon of stress assisted diffusion in cracked structures operating in corrosive environments. Work done on the extension of the existing ``Coupled Thermomechanical Diffusion`` theory to enable the prediction of diffusion of a solute species in stressed solids in the presence of cracks is presented here. Mathematical formalism is provided to support the intuitive notion that a singular solution for the concentration field can exist in crack tip neighborhoods driven by singular solutions for stresses that have been obtained within the framework of classical Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics. It has been shown that under certain limiting assumptions, a singular solution for the concentration profile of the kind 1/{radical}r emerges from the governing equations. Both steady state and transient solutions were obtained. A numerical simulation using quarter point finite elements was carried out and the results obtained also indicated the presence of this singularity. A singular solution for the concentration profiles of diffusing species in crack tip neighborhoods was obtained by Gdoutos and Aifantis. The order of the singularity obtained in their investigation was different from that discovered in the present work as were the …