Use of that portion of the characteristic curve of photographic film in which transmission is linear with log exposure eliminates the distributional error and thus makes possible the assessment of total mass of an inhomogeneously distributed cell consistent without scanning or measuring the cell's projected area. Measurement consists of obtaining the difference in output of a photocell receiving the total light transmitted by a photomicrograph of the cell, and a photomicrograph of the microscope field illumination against which the cell was photographed. A method of making such measurements is given, and its basis is described.

The use of diffusion theory to attempt to reproduce the chemical data of Hicks and Stevenson for the spatial distribution of neutrons in a solid block of uranium that is bombarded by 190 Mev neutrons is described.

The demands of the scientific programs of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory at the Nevada Test Site have necessitated the development of special drill hole survey techniques. These techniques, in general, have made possible the attainment of greater survey accuracies than are ordinarily obtained by the drilling industry in the course of normal survey work. For drill holes requiring a moderately high degree of location accuracy, standard survey equipment, manufactured by Eastman Oil Well Survey Company was adapted by LRL to meet this need. Where an extremely high degree of survey accuracy and control of drilling effort is necessary, such as in the drilling and survey of line-of-sight holes, special optical equipment was developed. The modifications of equipment, refinements in procedures, and special techniques necessary to adapt this equipment to meet the more demanding accuracy requirements of scientific programs are discussed. The overall techniques of survey, equipment used, and the accuracies obtained together with results of completed surveys showing a comparison with standard land survey methods are also discussed and illustrated in some detail.

Abstract: The reactor kinetics equations are combined into a single integral equation whose kernel describes the time-dependent characteristics of the reactor including six delayed groups of neutrons. Numerical solutions of the integral equation are given for constant, linear, and ∫sin²kx dx reactivities. An approximate solution of the integral equation is obtained which provides a basis for the formulation and solution of the reactor system control problem using the methods of servomechanisms theory. The reactor frequency response function, a product of the approximate solution, is calculated and plot given.

This paper is concerned with the spectral theory of closed operators in Hilbert space determined by the Laplace operator and certain general boundary conditions. Using the method of J.W. Calkin, we treat the case of a bounded domain in E(m) with C(1,1) boundary, and, in addition, extend the method to cover the case for which the operator L in the boundary condition is not necessarily self-adjoint. It is shown that there exists an appropriate linear close of functions [formula] such that the operator in the Hilbert space [formula] and [formula] is self-adjoint. In potential theoretic terms it is the set of all sums p + h, where p is the potential due to a charge g in G and h is the potential due to a surface charge f on ∂G and h is a potential due to a surface charge f on G, where g and f are, respectively, square integrable over G and ∂G

Abstract: "Probes were used to measure certain properties of the cloud of positive ions and electrons ejected from a pulsed ion source having two hydrogen-loaded electrodes. Time-of-flight measurements show: the presence of H+ ions with 50 ev directed energy; an increase of this energy with increasing pulse current in the source; a higher peak yield of ions with higher peak currents in the source; and higher yields and higher ion energies up to 110 ev have been recorded with the use of a pulsed magnetic field impressed upon the source. The neutral positive ion-electron beam from the source has been projected against an increasing magnetic field and the reflected and transmitted signals have been recorded and compared as a function of the magnetic field. Probe signals from the plasma as it encounters the magnetic field are oscillatory, suggesting that magnetohydrodynamic phenomena are presented."

Thesis analyzing a lead-glass photon spectrometer and its use in studying the absorption of photons and antinucleons.

Thesis discussing "a technique for determining the generation times of individual yeast cells...the effect of x-radiation on the generation times of individual cells and their progeny..." and "attempts to synchronize cell division in a population of cells."

The work reported here is a continuation of that reported in UCRL-1962. Approximate breakdown voltages and spark damage estimates have been made for the metals Ag, Ti, Aluminum Alloy 52-SO, Stainless Steel 316 and various combinations of Inconel and Cu.

From abstract: "This report consists of papers presented of papers presented at a meeting held in late 1954 to review all the work related to coil design and fabrication."

From general background: "In the experiment to be described, various targets were bombarded with protons in the 40-140 Mev region, and the R-ray spectra were detected and analyzed."

Abstract: "A completely Lagrangian scheme for differencing hydrodynamical equations in two dimensions is described. The method conserves mass exactly. The advantages of Lagrangian over Eulerian schemes are briefly mentioned. An appendix gives the generalization to three dimensions."

Antiproton-production and nucleon-interaction cross sections were investigated for antiprotons in the energy range 0.5 to 1.0 Bev. The antiprotons were distinguished from other particles produced at the Bevatron by a system of scintillation- and velocity-selecting Cerenkov counters. The excitation function and momentum distribution were recorded for antiproton production in carbon and compared with statistical model expectations.

"The object of this note is to outline an Omnitron source scheme where the sheath voltage of the Omnitron is not carried over into the reactor region."

Two types of apparatus are described for measuring the absorption spectra of metal-ammonia solutions with the Gary Model 14 Spectrophotometer. One apparatus was used for dilute solutions at -70'; the other was used for more concentrated solutions and had provision for holding the solutions at any temperature between their boiling points and -70'.

If a piston with constant velocity moves into a shock tube containing material at rest and at uniform density, the result is well known and trivial. The shock propagates with uniform speed, the state and speed of the material behind the shock is constant. One can ask if similar flows exist for cylindrical of spherical symmetry. Quickly one rules out the possibility of a solution which retains all the properties of this trivial solution. One asks if there are any solutions such that the material behind the shock is not accelerated. Indeed, there are. In the following, it is shown that for a y-law gas, there is a family of densities such that if a piston moves into the material with uniform velocity, the material behind the shock is not accelerated. Further, these are the only densities with this property. In the case of planar symmetry, the trivial case mentioned above is a member of the family, as is to be expected.

Certain aspects of mating behavior in two different types of Drosophila melanogaster females (Basc and Bv) and wildtype males (Samarkand) have been investigated and compared.

The absolute differential cross sections for elastic scattering of 31-Mev He3 ions on Be, Al, Cu, Sn(nat), Sn120, and Bi have been measured in the angular range of approximately 10 to 120 deg in the center-of-mass system. Thin self-supporting foil targets were chosen to span the parameter A 1/3, where A is the target mass number. The first excited states of the isotopes of the above elements had sufficient energy separation from the ground state to enable elastic scattering to be resolved from inelastic scattering. The detection system, consisting of Cal(Tl) scintillation crystals, was capable of 3%pulse-height resolution and 1 degree angular resolution. Characteristically, the light-element angular distributions show strong diffraction effects. The differential cross section divided by the Rutherford cross section decreases exponentially at large angles for the heavy elements, and the differential cross sections break away from Rutherford behavior at angles which increase almost linearly with increase of atomic number of the target nucleus. A comparison of the results for natural tin, and tin enriched to 85% in Sn120, indicated that within the experimental uncertainties over the measured angular interval, there were no pronounced isotopic effects. The data are presented both in tabular and graphical form to allow …

One of the techniques by which highly ionized plasmas can be generated in the laboratory makes use of strong, electromagnetically driven shock waves propagating into a cold gas. In this paper the phenomenon is analyzed as a one-dimensional single-fluid hydromagnetic problem, neglecting dissipation behind the wave. We hypothesize that the rarefaction wave remains attached to the front. In the limit of essentially complete ionization behind the front the problem can be solved analytically as long as the transverse magnetic field there remains small compared with the longitudinal field.

One of the techniques by which highly ionized plasmas can be generated in the laboratory makes use of strong, electromagnetically driven shock waves propagating into a cold gas. In this paper the phenomenon is analyzed as a one-dimensional single-fluid hydromagnetic problem, neglecting dissipation behind the wave.

Quarterly report of the Chemistry Division at the University of California Radiation Laboratory providing updates for each department about current findings and ongoing research.

Abstract: "Choline chloride and six analogs have been exposed in the dry, crystalline state to high-energy electron and gamma radiation. This investigation has confirmation the abnormal radiation sensitivity of choline chloride. Its G values (molecules decomposed/100 ev) were found to be: e- -radiation, 20; y-radiation, 175. These high values indicate a chain mechanism for the solid-state reaction. The G values for the choline analogs were found to range from 1 to 18 for the electron irradiations and from 1 to 32 for the gamma irradiations. Betaine hydrochloride approaches choline chloride in instability toward high-energy electrons but is far more stable in the presence of y-rays."

A phase shift analysis is an attempt to translate experimental measurements (observables) into well-determined scattering amplitudes, since these are the quantities that can be readily compared with theoretical predictions, In this sense, the phase shift analysis should contain as little theory as possible. The scattering amplitudes (or phase shifts) constitute an experimental statement, and the phase shift analysis should logically be done by the experimental groups who measure the observables.

The neutron-deficient yttrium isotopes Y82, Y83, and Y84 have been produced by irradiations with the Berkeley heavy-ion linear accelerator. Where possible, identifications were made by establishing genetic relationships with known daughter or granddaughter activities. The half-life of Y84 determined by direct decay is 39+-1 min. By a series of timed chemical separations, the following half-lives have been established: Y82, 9+-3 min; Y83, 8+-2 min. No information pertaining to the radiations emitted in the decay of three yttrium isotopes, other than Y84, has been obtained. The gamma-ray spectra of Y84 and Sr83 are shown.