Development of Key Technologies for White Lighting Based on Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) (open access)

Development of Key Technologies for White Lighting Based on Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)

This program was organized to focus on materials development issues critical to the acceleration of solid-state lighting, and was split into three major thrust areas: (1) study of dislocation density reduction for GaN grown on sapphire using 'cantilever epitaxy', and the impact of dislocation density on the performance of state-of-the-art high-power LEDs; (2) the evaluation of in situ techniques for monitoring gas phase chemistry and the properties of GaN-based layers during metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOCVD), and (3) feasibility for using semiconductor nanoparticles ('quantum dots') for the down-conversion of blue or ultraviolet light to generate white light. The program included a partnership between Lumileds Lighting (epitaxy and device fabrication for high power LEDs) and Sandia National Laboratories (cantilever epitaxy, gas phase chemistry, and quantum dot synthesis). Key findings included: (1) cantilever epitaxy can provide dislocation density reduction comparable to that of more complicated approaches, but all in one epitaxial growth step; however, further improvements are required to realize significant gains in LED performance at high drive currents, (2) in situ tools can provide detailed knowledge about gas phase chemistry, and can be used to monitor and control epitaxial layer composition and temperature to provide improved yields (e.g., a fivefold increase …
Date: March 31, 2004
Creator: Goetz, Werner; Imler, Bill; Kim, James; Kobayashi, Junko; Kim, Andrew; Krames, Mike et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A robust, coupled approach for atomistic-continuum simulation. (open access)

A robust, coupled approach for atomistic-continuum simulation.

This report is a collection of documents written by the group members of the Engineering Sciences Research Foundation (ESRF), Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project titled 'A Robust, Coupled Approach to Atomistic-Continuum Simulation'. Presented in this document is the development of a formulation for performing quasistatic, coupled, atomistic-continuum simulation that includes cross terms in the equilibrium equations that arise due to kinematic coupling and corrections used for the calculation of system potential energy to account for continuum elements that overlap regions containing atomic bonds, evaluations of thermo-mechanical continuum quantities calculated within atomistic simulations including measures of stress, temperature and heat flux, calculation used to determine the appropriate spatial and time averaging necessary to enable these atomistically-defined expressions to have the same physical meaning as their continuum counterparts, and a formulation to quantify a continuum 'temperature field', the first step towards constructing a coupled atomistic-continuum approach capable of finite temperature and dynamic analyses.
Date: September 1, 2004
Creator: Aubry, Sylvie; Webb, Edmund Blackburn, III; Wagner, Gregory John; Klein, Patrick A.; Jones, Reese E.; Zimmerman, Jonathan A. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
In-situ scanning probe microscopy of electrodeposited nickel. (open access)

In-situ scanning probe microscopy of electrodeposited nickel.

The performance characteristics and material properties such as stress, microstructure, and composition of nickel coatings and electroformed components can be controlled over a wide range by the addition of small amounts of surface-active compounds to the electroplating bath. Saccharin is one compound that is widely utilized for its ability to reduce tensile stress and refine grain size in electrodeposited nickel. While the effects of saccharin on nickel electrodeposition have been studied by many authors in the past, there is still uncertainty over saccharin's mechanisms of incorporation, stress reduction, and grain refinement. In-situ scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a tool that can be used to directly image the nucleation and growth of thin nickel films at nanometer length scales to help elucidate saccharin's role in the development and evolution of grain structure. In this study, in-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) techniques are used to investigate the effects of saccharin on the morphological evolution of thin nickel films. By observing mono-atomic height nickel island growth with and without saccharin present we conclude that saccharin has little effect on the nickel surface mobility during deposition at low overpotentials where the growth occurs in a layer-by-layer mode. Saccharin was …
Date: October 1, 2004
Creator: Kelly, James J. & Dibble, Dean C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Next generation spindles for micromilling. (open access)

Next generation spindles for micromilling.

There exists a wide variety of important applications for micro- and meso-scale mechanical systems in the commercial and defense sectors, which require high-strength materials and complex geometries that cannot be produced using current MEMS fabrication technologies. Micromilling has great potential to fill this void in MEMS technology by adding the capability of free form machining of complex 3D shapes from a wide variety and combination of traditional, well-understood engineering alloys, glasses and ceramics. Inefficiencies in micromilling result from the relationships between a cutting tool's breaking strength, the applied cutting force, and the metal removal rate. Because machining times in mesofeatures scale inversely to the part size, a feature 1/10th as large will take 10 times as long to machine. Also, required chip sizes of 1 m or less are cut with tools having edge radius of 2-3 m, the cutting edge effectively has a highly negative rake angle, cutting forces are increased significantly causing chip loads to be further reduced and the machining takes even longer than predicted above. However, cutting forces do not increase with cutting speed, so faster spindles with reduced tool runout are the path to achieve efficient mesoscale milling. This research explored the development of new …
Date: December 1, 2004
Creator: Pathak, Jay P. (Machine Tool Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL); Payne, Scott W. T. (Machine Tool Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL); Gill, David Dennis; Ziegert, John C. (Machine Tool Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL) & Jokiel, Bernhard, Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Some attributes of a language for property-based testing. (open access)

Some attributes of a language for property-based testing.

Property-based testing is a testing technique that evaluates executions of a program. The method checks that specifications, called properties, hold throughout the execution of the program. TASpec is a language used to specify these properties. This paper compares some attributes of the language with the specification patterns used for model-checking languages, and then presents some descriptions of properties that can be used to detect common security flaws in programs. This report describes the results of a one year research project at the University of California, Davis, which was funded by a University Collaboration LDRD entitled ''Property-based Testing for Cyber Security Assurance''.
Date: November 1, 2004
Creator: Neagoe, Vicentiu (University of California, Davis, CA) & Bishop, Matt (University of California, Davis, CA)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 210: Storage Areas and Contaminated Material, Nevada Test Site, Nevada (open access)

Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 210: Storage Areas and Contaminated Material, Nevada Test Site, Nevada

Corrective Action Unit 210, Storage Areas and Contaminated Material, is identified in the Federal Facilities Agreement and Consent Order. This Corrective Action Unit consists of four Corrective Action Sites located in Areas 10, 12, and 15 of the Nevada Test Site. This report documents that the closure activities conducted meet the approved closure standards.
Date: June 1, 2004
Creator: United States. National Nuclear Security Administration. Nevada Site Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Potential application of microsensor technology in radioactive waste management with emphasis on headspace gas detection. (open access)

Potential application of microsensor technology in radioactive waste management with emphasis on headspace gas detection.

Waste characterization is probably the most costly part of radioactive waste management. An important part of this characterization is the measurements of headspace gas in waste containers in order to demonstrate the compliance with Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) or transportation requirements. The traditional chemical analysis methods, which include all steps of gas sampling, sample shipment and laboratory analysis, are expensive and time-consuming as well as increasing worker's exposure to hazardous environments. Therefore, an alternative technique that can provide quick, in-situ, and real-time detections of headspace gas compositions is highly desirable. This report summarizes the results obtained from a Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) project entitled 'Potential Application of Microsensor Technology in Radioactive Waste Management with Emphasis on Headspace Gas Detection'. The objective of this project is to bridge the technical gap between the current status of microsensor development and the intended applications of these sensors in nuclear waste management. The major results are summarized below: {sm_bullet} A literature review was conducted on the regulatory requirements for headspace gas sampling/analysis in waste characterization and monitoring. The most relevant gaseous species and the related physiochemical environments were identified. It was found that preconcentrators might be needed in order for …
Date: September 1, 2004
Creator: Davis, Chad Edward; Thomas, Michael Loren; Wright, Jerome L.; Pohl, Phillip Isabio; Hughes, Robert Clark; Wang, Yifeng et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis and control of distributed cooperative systems. (open access)

Analysis and control of distributed cooperative systems.

As part of DARPA Information Processing Technology Office (IPTO) Software for Distributed Robotics (SDR) Program, Sandia National Laboratories has developed analysis and control software for coordinating tens to thousands of autonomous cooperative robotic agents (primarily unmanned ground vehicles) performing military operations such as reconnaissance, surveillance and target acquisition; countermine and explosive ordnance disposal; force protection and physical security; and logistics support. Due to the nature of these applications, the control techniques must be distributed, and they must not rely on high bandwidth communication between agents. At the same time, a single soldier must easily direct these large-scale systems. Finally, the control techniques must be provably convergent so as not to cause undo harm to civilians. In this project, provably convergent, moderate communication bandwidth, distributed control algorithms have been developed that can be regulated by a single soldier. We have simulated in great detail the control of low numbers of vehicles (up to 20) navigating throughout a building, and we have simulated in lesser detail the control of larger numbers of vehicles (up to 1000) trying to locate several targets in a large outdoor facility. Finally, we have experimentally validated the resulting control algorithms on smaller numbers of autonomous vehicles.
Date: September 1, 2004
Creator: Feddema, John Todd; Parker, Eric Paul; Wagner, John S. & Schoenwald, David Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Modeling Free Convection Flow of Liquid Hydrogen within a Cylindrical Heat Exchanger Cooled to 14 K (open access)

Modeling Free Convection Flow of Liquid Hydrogen within a Cylindrical Heat Exchanger Cooled to 14 K

None
Date: May 8, 2004
Creator: Green, Michael A.; Yang, S. W.; Green, M. A. & Lau, W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Medical waste management plan. (open access)

Medical waste management plan.

This plan describes the process for managing research generated medical waste at Sandia National Laboratories/California. It applies to operations at the Chemical and Radiation Detection Laboratory (CRDL), Building 968, and other biosafety level 1 or 2 activities at the site. It addresses the accumulation, storage, treatment and disposal of medical waste and sharps waste. It also describes the procedures to comply with regulatory requirements and SNL policies applicable to medical waste.
Date: December 1, 2004
Creator: Lane, Todd W. & VanderNoot, Victoria A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Temperature rise of the mask-resist assembly during LIGA exposure. (open access)

Temperature rise of the mask-resist assembly during LIGA exposure.

Deep X-ray lithography on PMMA resist is used in the LIGA process. The resist is exposed to synchrotron X-rays through a patterned mask and then is developed in a liquid developer to make high aspect ratio microstructures. The limitations in dimensional accuracies of the LIGA generated microstructure originate from many sources, including synchrotron and X-ray physics, thermal and mechanical properties of mask and resist, and from the kinetics of the developer. This work addresses the thermal analysis and temperature rise of the mask-resist assembly during exposure in air at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) synchrotron. The concern is that dimensional errors generated at the mask and the resist due to thermal expansion will lower the accuracy of the lithography. We have developed a three-dimensional finite-element model of the mask and resist assembly that includes a mask with absorber, a resist with substrate, three metal holders, and a water-cooling block. We employed the LIGA exposure-development software LEX-D to calculate volumetric heat sources generated in the assembly by X-ray absorption and the commercial software ABAQUS to calculate heat transfer including thermal conduction inside the assembly, natural and forced convection, and thermal radiation. at assembly outer and/or inner surfaces. The calculations of assembly …
Date: November 1, 2004
Creator: Ting, Aili
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
SQUID-Detected MRI at 132 Microtesla with T1 Contrast Weighted at10 Microtelsa-300 mT (open access)

SQUID-Detected MRI at 132 Microtesla with T1 Contrast Weighted at10 Microtelsa-300 mT

None
Date: August 9, 2004
Creator: Lee, SeungKyun; Moessle, Michael; Myers, Whittier; Kelso, Nathan; Trabesinger, Andreas H.; Pines, Alex et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Estimation of the parameter covariance matrix for aone-compartment cardiac perfusion model estimated from a dynamic sequencereconstructed using map iterative reconstruction algorithms (open access)

Estimation of the parameter covariance matrix for aone-compartment cardiac perfusion model estimated from a dynamic sequencereconstructed using map iterative reconstruction algorithms

In dynamic cardiac SPECT estimates of kinetic parameters ofa one-compartment perfusion model are usually obtained in a two stepprocess: 1) first a MAP iterative algorithm, which properly models thePoisson statistics and the physics of the data acquisition, reconstructsa sequence of dynamic reconstructions, 2) then kinetic parameters areestimated from time activity curves generated from the dynamicreconstructions. This paper provides a method for calculating thecovariance matrix of the kinetic parameters, which are determined usingweighted least squares fitting that incorporates the estimated varianceand covariance of the dynamic reconstructions. For each transaxial slicesets of sequential tomographic projections are reconstructed into asequence of transaxial reconstructions usingfor each reconstruction inthe time sequence an iterative MAP reconstruction to calculate themaximum a priori reconstructed estimate. Time-activity curves for a sumof activity in a blood region inside the left ventricle and a sum in acardiac tissue region are generated. Also, curves for the variance of thetwo estimates of the sum and for the covariance between the two ROIestimates are generated as a function of time at convergence using anexpression obtained from the fixed-point solution of the statisticalerror of the reconstruction. A one-compartment model is fit to the tissueactivity curves assuming a noisy blood input function to give weightedleast squares …
Date: January 1, 2004
Creator: Gullberg, Grant T.; Huesman, Ronald H.; Reutter, Bryan W.; Qi,Jinyi & Ghosh Roy, Dilip N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Relation between structural and optical properties of InN andInxGa1-xN thin films (open access)

Relation between structural and optical properties of InN andInxGa1-xN thin films

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and opticalmeasurements obtained from InN and In1-xGaxNfilms (0<x<0.54)grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy are presented. Energy gaps measuredbyabsorption, PR, and PL for InN films grown on c-plane Al2O3 were in therange of 0.7 eV. No In or otherinclusions were observed in these films,ruling out the possibility of a strong Mie scattering mechanism. IntheIn1-xGaxN films the relationship between the structural properties andthe optical properties, inparticular the presence or absence of a Stokesshift between absorption and PL, is discussed. TEM studiesshow that highquality layers do not have a Stokes shift. Some films had compositionalordering; thesefilms also showed a shift between absorption edge andluminescence peak.
Date: July 20, 2004
Creator: Liliental-Weber, Z.; Zakharov, D. N.; Jasinski, J.; Yu, K. M.; Wu, J. W.; Ager, J. W., III et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Soft X-ray synchrotron radiation investigations of actinidematerials systems utilizing X-ray emission spectroscopy and resonantinelastic X-ray scattering (open access)

Soft X-ray synchrotron radiation investigations of actinidematerials systems utilizing X-ray emission spectroscopy and resonantinelastic X-ray scattering

Synchrotron radiation (SR) methods have been utilized with increasing frequency over the past several years to study topics in actinide science, ranging from those of a fundamental nature to those that address a specifically-targeted technical need. In particular, the emergence of microspectroscopic and fluorescence-based techniques have permitted investigations of actinide materials at sources of soft x-ray SR. Spectroscopic techniques with fluorescence-based detection are useful for actinide investigations since they are sensitive to small amounts of material and the information sampling depth may be varied. These characteristics also serve to simplify both sample preparation and safety considerations. Examples of investigations using these fluorescence techniques will be described along with their results, as well as the prospects for future investigations utilizing these methodologies.
Date: January 3, 2004
Creator: Shuh, D.K.; Butorin, S.M.; Guo, J.-H. & Nordgren, J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE): Cloud and Rain Characteristics in the Australian Monsoon (open access)

Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE): Cloud and Rain Characteristics in the Australian Monsoon

The impact of oceanic convection on its environment and the relationship between the characteristics of the convection and the resulting cirrus characteristics is still not understood. An intense airborne measurement campaign combined with an extensive network of ground-based observations is being planned for the region near Darwin, Northern Australia, during January-February, 2006, to address these questions. The Tropical Warm Pool – International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE) will be the first field program in the tropics that attempts to describe the evolution of tropical convection, including the large scale heat, moisture, and momentum budgets, while at the same time obtaining detailed observations of cloud properties and the impact of the clouds on the environment. The emphasis will be on cirrus for the cloud properties component of the experiment. Cirrus clouds are ubiquitous in the tropics and have a large impact on their environment but the properties of these clouds are poorly understood. A crucial product from this experiment will be a dataset suitable to provide the forcing and testing required by cloud-resolving models and parameterizations in global climate models. This dataset will provide the necessary link between cloud properties and the models that are attempting to simulate them. The experiment is a …
Date: May 30, 2004
Creator: May, P. T.; Jakob, C. & Mather, J. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alignment of the MINOS FD (open access)

Alignment of the MINOS FD

The results and procedure of the alignment of the MINOS Far Detector are presented. The far detector has independent alignments of SM1 and SM2. The misalignments have an estimated uncertainty of {approx}850 {micro}m for SM1 and {approx}750 {micro}m for SM2. The alignment has as inputs the average rotations of U and V as determined by optical survey and strip positions within modules measured from the module mapper. The output of this is a module-module correction for transverse mis-alignments. These results were verified by examining an independent set of data. These alignment constants on average contribute much less then 1% to the total uncertainty in the transverse strip position.
Date: November 1, 2004
Creator: Becker, B. & Boehnlein, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Scalable fault tolerant algorithms for linear-scaling coupled-cluster electronic structure methods. (open access)

Scalable fault tolerant algorithms for linear-scaling coupled-cluster electronic structure methods.

By means of coupled-cluster theory, molecular properties can be computed with an accuracy often exceeding that of experiment. The high-degree polynomial scaling of the coupled-cluster method, however, remains a major obstacle in the accurate theoretical treatment of mainstream chemical problems, despite tremendous progress in computer architectures. Although it has long been recognized that this super-linear scaling is non-physical, the development of efficient reduced-scaling algorithms for massively parallel computers has not been realized. We here present a locally correlated, reduced-scaling, massively parallel coupled-cluster algorithm. A sparse data representation for handling distributed, sparse multidimensional arrays has been implemented along with a set of generalized contraction routines capable of handling such arrays. The parallel implementation entails a coarse-grained parallelization, reducing interprocessor communication and distributing the largest data arrays but replicating as many arrays as possible without introducing memory bottlenecks. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated by several series of runs for glycine chains using a Linux cluster with an InfiniBand interconnect.
Date: October 1, 2004
Creator: Leininger, Matthew L.; Nielsen, Ida Marie B. & Janssen, Curtis L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Validation data for models of contaminant dispersal : scaling laws and data needs. (open access)

Validation data for models of contaminant dispersal : scaling laws and data needs.

Contaminant dispersal models for use at scales ranging from meters to miles are widely used for planning sensor locations, first-responder actions for release scenarios, etc. and are constantly being improved. Applications range from urban contaminant dispersal to locating buried targets from an exhaust signature. However, these models need detailed data for model improvement and validation. A small Sandia National Laboratories Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program was funded in FY04 to examine the feasibility and usefulness of a scale-model capability for quantitative characterization of flow and contaminant dispersal in complex environments. This report summarizes the work performed in that LDRD. The basics of atmospheric dispersion and dispersion modeling are reviewed. We examine the need for model scale data, and the capability of existing model test methods. Currently, both full-scale and model scale experiments are performed in order to collect validation data for numerical models. Full-scale experiments are expensive, are difficult to repeat, and usually produce relatively sparse data fields. Model scale tests often employ wind tunnels, and the data collected is, in many cases, derived from single point measurements. We review the scaling assumptions and methods that are used to relate model and full scale flows. In particular, we …
Date: September 1, 2004
Creator: O'Hern, Timothy John & Ceccio, Steven Louis (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Integrating automated shading and smart glazings with daylightcontrols (open access)

Integrating automated shading and smart glazings with daylightcontrols

None
Date: February 13, 2004
Creator: Selkowitz, Stephen & Lee, Eleanor
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Solution Verification Linked to Model Validation, Reliability, and Confidence (open access)

Solution Verification Linked to Model Validation, Reliability, and Confidence

The concepts of Verification and Validation (V&amp;V) can be oversimplified in a succinct manner by saying that 'verification is doing things right' and 'validation is doing the right thing'. In the world of the Finite Element Method (FEM) and computational analysis, it is sometimes said that 'verification means solving the equations right' and 'validation means solving the right equations'. In other words, if one intends to give an answer to the equation '2+2=', then one must run the resulting code to assure that the answer '4' results. However, if the nature of the physics or engineering problem being addressed with this code is multiplicative rather than additive, then even though Verification may succeed (2+2=4 etc), Validation may fail because the equations coded are not those needed to address the real world (multiplicative) problem. We have previously provided a 4-step 'ABCD' quantitative implementation for a quantitative V&amp;V process: (A) Plan the analyses and validation testing that may be needed along the way. Assure that the code[s] chosen have sufficient documentation of software quality and Code Verification (i.e., does 2+2=4?). Perform some calibration analyses and calibration based sensitivity studies (these are not validated sensitivities but are useful for planning purposes). Outline the …
Date: June 16, 2004
Creator: Logan, R W & Nitta, C K
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
P3 microengine development at Washington State University. (open access)

P3 microengine development at Washington State University.

There is a pressing need for miniaturized power systems for a variety of applications requiring a long life in the field of operations. Such power systems are required to be capable of providing power for months to years of operation, which all but eliminates battery technologies and technologies that bring their own fuel systems (except for nuclear fuel systems, which have their own drawbacks) due to constraints of having the all of the chemical fuel necessary for the entire life of the operational run available at the starting point of the operation. Alternatively, harvesting energy directly from the local environment obviates this need for bringing along all of the fuel necessary for operation. Instead, locally available energy, either in the form of chemical, thermal, light, or motion can be harvested and converted into electrical energy for use in sensor applications. The work from this LDRD is focused on developing a thermal engine that can take scavenged thermal gradients and convert them into direct electrical energy. The converter system is a MEMS based external combustion engine that uses a modified Stirling cycle to generate mechanical work on a piezoelectric generator. This piezoelectric generator then produced an AC voltage and current that …
Date: December 1, 2004
Creator: Whalen, Scott (Washington State University, Pullman, WA) & Apblett, Christopher Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Matrixed business support comparison study. (open access)

Matrixed business support comparison study.

The Matrixed Business Support Comparison Study reviewed the current matrixed Chief Financial Officer (CFO) division staff models at Sandia National Laboratories. There were two primary drivers of this analysis: (1) the increasing number of financial staff matrixed to mission customers and (2) the desire to further understand the matrix process and the opportunities and challenges it creates.
Date: November 1, 2004
Creator: Parsons, Josh D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Final report : compliant thermo-mechanical MEMS actuators, LDRD #52553. (open access)

Final report : compliant thermo-mechanical MEMS actuators, LDRD #52553.

Thermal actuators have proven to be a robust actuation method in surface-micromachined MEMS processes. Their higher output force and lower input voltage make them an attractive alternative to more traditional electrostatic actuation methods. A predictive model of thermal actuator behavior has been developed and validated that can be used as a design tool to customize the performance of an actuator to a specific application. This tool has also been used to better understand thermal actuator reliability by comparing the maximum actuator temperature to the measured lifetime. Modeling thermal actuator behavior requires the use of two sequentially coupled models, the first to predict the temperature increase of the actuator due to the applied current and the second to model the mechanical response of the structure due to the increase in temperature. These two models have been developed using Matlab for the thermal response and ANSYS for the structural response. Both models have been shown to agree well with experimental data. In a parallel effort, the reliability and failure mechanisms of thermal actuators have been studied. Their response to electrical overstress and electrostatic discharge has been measured and a study has been performed to determine actuator lifetime at various temperatures and operating …
Date: December 1, 2004
Creator: Walraven, Jeremy Allen; Baker, Michael Sean; Headley, Thomas Jeffrey & Plass, Richard Anton
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library