Gold beam injection efficiency decreases in proportional to the beam loss in the AGS Booster. A close look shows that large number of electrons, ions, and neutral particles are created when the gold beam scrapes wall. To investigate the neutral particle production due to the beam loss, local vacuum measurement was made during the 1998 run. It shows that the pressure created by the Booster Au{sup 31+} beam loss at injection has a 35 ms decay time constant. The beam loss created pressure bump in the ring is about 20 meters long. When 3 x 10{sup 9} Gold ions scrapes wall, a pressure higher than 10{sup -7} Torr was created. The beam lifetime calculated using these parameters is in agreement with the observed one.

Solar systems prove to be the environmentally and economically sound choice for heating water in U.S. Navy housing at Moanalua Terrace in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Hawaii is a perfect environment for solar water heating,'' according to Alan Ikeda, a Housing Management Specialist with the Pacific Naval Facility Engineering Command Housing Department in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. ''The sun shines most of the time, we don't have to worry about freezing, the state offers a 35% solar tax credit, and our local utility supports the purchase and installation of solar systems with generous rebates.'' The Hawaiian Electric Company's (HECO's) $1,500 per unit rebate for solar water heaters installed on new construction helped persuade the Navy to take advantage of Hawaii's solar resource and install solar water heaters on family housing units. At Moanalua Terrace, the Navy had demolished 752 units of family housing, which they are rebuilding in four phases. Designers decided to use the opportunity to give the solar systems a try. When the 100 homes in Phase I were built, money was not available for solar water heaters. However, Ikeda subsequently secured a $130,000 grant from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) to retrofit the …

A conceptual design is presented for a high power cupronickel pion production target. It forms a circular band in a horizontal plane with approximate dimensions of: 2.5 meters radius, 6 cm high and 0.6 cm thick. The target is continuously rotated at 3 m/s to carry heat away from the production region to a water cooling channel. Bunches of 16 GeV protons with total energies of 270 kl and repetition rates of 15 Hz are incident tangentially to arc of the target along the symmetry axis of a 20 Tesla solenoidal magnetic capture channel. The mechanical layout and cooling setup are described. Results are presented from realistic MARS Monte Carlo computer simulations of the pion yield and energy deposition in the target. ANSYS finite element calculations are beginning to give predictions for the resultant shock heating stresses.

Rate constants for the aqueous oxidation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) have been measured in aqueous phosphate-buffered solutions using Dickson-type vessels. The initial NDMA concentrations ranged from 2.5 to 2.8 ppm and reaction temperatures varied from 180 C to 220 C. Quantitation of NDMA was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using selected ion monitoring (SIM). NDMA loss with concomitant production of nitrite and nitrate confirmed that mineralization of NDMA occurred, and no intermediates amenable to GC-MS were formed during the oxidation experiments. First order reaction rate constants for the loss of NDMA were determined by the integral method and the results are as follows: k{sub 1} = 5.21 x 10{sup -7} s{sup -1} at 180 C, k{sub 1} = 1.14 x 10{sup -6} s{sup -1} at 190 C, k{sub 1} = 2.05 x 10{sup -6} s{sup -1} at 200 C, k{sub 1} = 4.53 x 10{sup -6} s{sup -1} at 210 C and k{sub 1} = 8.81 x 10{sup -6} s{sup -1} at 220 C. The Arrhenius equation for this data is listed below: ln (k) = 20.21 - 15716 (1/T). The activation energy for this process is calculated to be 130.7 {+-} 3.5 kJ/mole. Extrapolating to a temperature of 125 …

Using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 79 pb{sup -1}, D0 has searched for events containing multiple jets and large missing transverse energy in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.8 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. Observing no significant excess beyond what is expected from the standard model, they set limits on the masses of squarks and gluinos and on the model parameters m{sub 0} and m{sub 1/2}, in the framework of the minimal low-energy supergravity models of supersymmetry. For tan {beta} = 2 and A{sub 0} = 0, with {mu} < 0, they exclude all models with m{sub q} {approx} < 250 GeV/c{sup 2}. For models with equal squark and gluino masses, they exclude m < 260 GeV/c{sup 2}.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility operated by the University of California, serves as a national resource of scientific, technical, and engineering capabilities. The Laboratory's mission focuses on nuclear weapons and national security, and over the years has been broadened to include areas such as strategic defense, energy, the environment, biomedicine, technology transfer, the economy, and education. The Laboratory carries out this mission in compliance with local, state, and federal environmental regulatory requirements. It does so with the support of the Environmental Protection Department, which is responsible for environmental monitoring and analysis, hazardous waste management, environmental restoration, and assisting Laboratory organizations in ensuring compliance with environmental laws and regulations. LLNL comprises two sites: the Livermore site and Site 300. The Livermore site occupies an area of 3.28 square kilometers on the eastern edge of Livermore, California. Site 300, LLNL's experimental testing site, is located 24 kilometers to the east in the Altamont Hills, and occupies an area of 30.3 square kilometers. Environmental monitoring activities are conducted at both sites as well as in surrounding areas. This summary provides an overview of LLNL's environmental activities in 1998, including radiological and nonradiological surveillance, effluent, and compliance …

Magnetic elements for an accumulator storage ring for a 1 GeV Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) have been under design. The accumulation of very high intensity protons in a storage ring requires beam optical elements of very high purity to minimize higher order resonances in the presence of space charge. The parameters of the elements required by the accumulator lattice design have been reported. The dipoles have a 17cm gap and are 124cm long. The quadrupoles have a physical length to aperture diameter ratio of 40cm/21cm and of 45cm/31cm. Since the elements have a large aperture and short length, optimizing the optical effects of magnet ends is the major design challenge. Two dimensional (2D) computer computations can, at least on paper, produce the desired accuracy internal to magnets, i.e. constant dipole fields and linear quadrupole gradients over the desired aperture to 1 x 10{sup -4}. To minimize undesirable end effects three dimensional (3D) computations can be used to design magnet ends. However, limitations on computations can occur, such as necessary finite boundary conditions, actual properties of the iron employed, hysteresis effects, etc., which are slightly at variance with the assumed properties. Experimental refinement is employed to obtain the desired precision.

The RHIC spin program requires excellent polarimetry so that the knowledge of the beam polarization does not limit the errors on the experimental measurements. However, polarimetry of proton beams with energies higher than about 30GeV poses a difficult challenge. For polarization monitoring during operation, a fast and reliable polarimeter is required that produces a polarization measurement with a 10% relative error within a few minutes. The p-Carbon elastic scattering in the Coulomb-Nuclear-Scattering (CNI) region has a calculable and large analyzing power, but detecting the recoil carbon needs sophisticated detector system and a very thin target. Experiment has been planned in the AGS. This paper describes the experimental setup in the AGS.

The Booster Application Facility (BAF) will employ heavy ion beams of many different ion species and at beam energies ranging from 0.04 to 3.07 GeV/nucleon. Resonant extraction is required in order to deliver a continuous stream of particles. In this report we describe the beam requirements and the system design. The basic design is a third integer resonant extraction process which employs a single thin magnetic septum and a thick septum ejector magnet The expected extraction efficiency is about 85%, based on the thin septum thickness and the predicted step size of the resonant beam at the septum. This is more than sufficient for the low intensity low energy heavy ion beams needed for the BAF. In this report we will present a detailed discussion of the design of the various elements and a discussion of the detailed modeling of resonant extraction from the AGS Booster. The extraction process was modeled using a BNL version of MAD which allowed us to interactively observe detailed particle tracking of the process. This was a key tool to have in hand which permitted us to pose and answer various questions in a very short period of time.

A series of tests were undertaken to explore diamond tool wear in the intermittent cutting of brittle materials, specifically silicon. The tests were carried out on a plain way No. 3 Moore machine base equipped as a flycutter with a motorized Professional Instruments 4R air bearing spindle. The diamond tools were made by Edge Technologies with known crystal orientation and composition and sharpened with either an abrasive or chemical process, depending on the individual test. The flycutting machine configuration allowed precise control over the angle at which the tool engages the anisotropic silicon workpiece. In contrast, the crystallographic orientation of the silicon workpiece changes continuously during on-axis turning. As a result, it is possible to flycut a workpiece in cutting directions that are known to be easy or hard. All cuts were run in the 100 plane of the silicon, with a slight angle deliberately introduced to ensure that the 100 plane is engaged in ''up-cutting'' which lengthens the tool life. A Kistler 9256 dynamometer was used to measure the cutting forces in order to gain insight into the material removal process and tool wear during testing. The dynamometer provides high bandwidth force measurement with milli-Newton resolution and good thermal …

The RHIC Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) System is designed to prevent beam loss quenching of the superconducting magnets, and acquire loss data. Four hundred ion chambers are located around the rings to detect losses. The required 8-decade range in signal current is compressed using an RC pre- integrator ahead of a low current amplifier. A beam abort may be triggered if fast or slow losses exceed programmable threshold levels. A micro-controller based VME module sets references and gains and reads trip status for up to 64 channels. Results obtained with the detectors in the RHIC Sextant Test and the prototype electronics in the AGS-to-RHIC (AtR) transfer line are presented along with the present status of the system.

The ATLAS Electromagnetic (EM) calorimeter (EMCAL) Front End Board (FEB) will be located in custom-designed enclosures solidly connected to the feedtroughs. It is a complex mixed signal board which includes the preamplifier, shaper, switched capacitor array analog memory unit (SCA), analog to digital conversion, serialization of the data and related control logic. It will be described in detail elsewhere in these proceedings. The electromagnetic interference (either pick-up from the on board digital activity, from power supply ripple or from external sources) which affects coherently large groups of channels (coherent noise) is of particular concern in calorimetry and it has been studied in detail.

The PEPC LRU upper ball support assembly consists of a ball and a pneumatic air cylinder/conical seat latching mechanism to be attached to the optics support frame,and a ball attached to the PEPC LRU. Both components are designed to allow manual positioning in three axes. Upon insertion of the PEPC LRU into the structure, the upper pneumatic cylinder is actuated to latch the two assemblies together through the conical seat device to grab the lower ball to support the LRU weight. To be conservative, the design load for the assembly is 1500 pounds (the prototype PEPC LRU weight was measured to be near 1380 pounds).

No abstract is available for this document at this time.

The last stage of ionization cooling for the muon collider requires a multistage liquid lithium lens. This system uses a large ({approx}0.5 MA) pulsed current through liquid lithium to focus the beam while energy loss in the lithium removes momentum which will be replaced by linacs. The beam optics are designed to maximize the 6 dimensional transmission from one lens to the next while minimizing emittance growth. The mechanical design of the lithium vessel is constrained by a pressure pulse due to sudden ohmic heating, and the resulting stress on the Be window. We describe beam optics, the liquid lithium pressure vessel, pump options, power supplies, as well as the overall optimization of the system.

The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) will be constructed by a multi-laboratory collaboration with BNL responsible for the transfer lines and ring. [1] The 1 MW beam power necessitates careful monitoring to minimize un-controlled loss. This high beam power will influence the design of the monitors in the high energy beam transport line (HEBT) from linac to ring, in the ring, and in the ring-to-target transfer line (RTBT). The ring instrumentation must cover a 3-decade range of beam intensity during accumulation. Beam loss monitoring will be especially critical since un-controlled beam loss must be kept below 10{sup -4}. A Beam-In-Gap (BIG) monitor is being designed to assure out-of-bucket beam will not be lost in the ring.

We present a new construction of wavelets on arbitrary two-manifold topology for geometry compression. The constructed wavelets generalize symmetric tensor product wavelets with associated B-spline scaling functions to irregular polygonal base mesh domains. The wavelets and scaling functions are tensor products almost everywhere, except in the neighborhoods of some extraordinary points (points of valence unequal four) in the base mesh that defines the topology. The compression of arbitrary polygonal meshes representing isosurfaces of scalar-valued trivariate functions is a primary application. The main contribution of this paper is the generalization of lifted symmetric tensor product B-spline wavelets to two-manifold geometries. Surfaces composed of B-spline patches can easily be converted to this scheme. We present a lossless compression method for geometries with or without associated functions like color, texture, or normals. The new wavelet transform is highly efficient and can represent surfaces at any level of resolution with high degrees of continuity, except at a finite number of extraordinary points in the base mesh. In the neighborhoods of these points detail can be added to the surface to approximate any degree of continuity.

This paper summarizes three-stage design optimization for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) ring: linear machine design (lattice, aperture, injection, magnet field errors and misalignment), beam core manipulation (painting, space charge, instabilities, RF requirements), and beam halo consideration (collimation, envelope variation, e-p issues etc.).

This document summarizes the status of sample fabrication and analysis in the Form Development Sample Test Matrix. Since its publication in the ''Baseline Formulation'' report (UCRL-ID- 133089, PIP-99-O 12) and in the ''Complete Single-Phase Sample Fabrications that Support the Licensing Application and Complete Process and Compositional Extreme Sample Fabrications that Support the Licensing Application'' report (PIP-99-078), the Sample Test Matrix has been updated and expanded. This version is current though September 30, 1999.

An RF photo-injector was installed at Fermilab between January and June 97. The photo-injector produced its first beam on 4 June 97. This report provides a brief description of the accelerator and a summary of the experiments carried out through December '97.

We present a high power RF coupler design for an interleaved {pi}/2 805 MHz standing wave accelerating structure proposed for an muon cooling experiment at FNAL. The coupler, in its simplest form, is a rectangular waveguide directly connected to an accelerating Cell through an open slot on the cavity side-wall or end-plates. Two of such couplers are needed to feed the interleaved cavities. Current high power RF test requires the coupler to be at critical coupling. Numerical simulations on the coupler designs using MAFIA will be presented.

There is no description for this manual at this time. PNNL-11897

The performance of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at collision energy is limited by the field quality of the interaction region (IB) quadrupoles and dipoles. In this paper we study the impact of the expected field errors of these magnets on the dynamic aperture (DA). Since the betatron phase advance is well defined for magnets that are located in regions of large beta functions, local corrections can be very effective and robust. We compare possible compensation schemes and propose a corrector layout to meet the required DA performance.

No abstract is available for this document at this time.