The separation of helium from hydrogen at the center of Jupiter is not likely even though phase separation is predicted at both higher and lower pressures.

The second phase of a contract between the California Energy Commission and the G.R.I.P.S. Commission (Geothermal Research Information and Planning Services) is reported. The activities include: environmental studies; information exchange; funding proposals; and administration of GRIPS. (MHR)

Progress is summarized in the following areas: fissile build-up in internal blankets, reference cores, and power peaking.

A code used for simulation of classical radial transport in the 2XIIB experiment has been modified to simulate radial transport in TMX. Results have been obtained using classical transport coefficients and also using very simple trial neoclassical resonant transport coefficients. Comparison of the results obtained with solely classical transport and with both classical and neo-classical transport indicate that neoclassical transport depresses the ion density by approximately 5%. The central cell ion temperature is increased by approximately by the neo-classical transport, as is the electron temperature.

A computer controlled ultrasonic scanning system and a data acquisition and analysis system have been developed to perform the inservice inspection of welds in stainless steel sodium piping in the Fast Flux Test Facility. The scanning equipment consists of a six axis motion mechanism and control system which allows full articulation of an ultrasonic transducer as it follows the circumferential pipe welds. The data acquisition and analysis system consists of high speed ultrasonic waveform digitizing equipment, dedicated processors to perform on-line analysis, and data storage and display equipment.

This document sets forth recommendations for a verification program to test the ability of operational nuclear power plants to achieve safe shutdown immediately following a safe-shutdown earthquake. The purpose of the study is to develop a program plan to provide assurance by physical demonstration that nuclear power plants are earthquake resistant and to allow nuclear power plant operators to (1) decide whether tests should be conducted on their facilities, (2) specify the tests that should be performed, and (3) estimate the cost of the effort to complete the recommended test program.

It was found that the distribution of liquid striking the sides of a simulated room temperature spray dryer was not significantly altered by the choice of nozles, nor by a variation in nozzle operating conditions. Instead, it was found to be a function of the spray dryer's configuration. A cocurrent flow of air down the drying cylinder, not possible with PNL's closed top, favorably altered the spray distribution by both decreasing the amount of liquid striking the interior of the cylinder from 72 to 26% of the feed supplied, and by shifting the zone of maximum impact from 1.0 to 1.7 feet from the nozzle. These findings led to the redesign of the laboratory scale spray dryer to be tested at the Savannah River Plant. The diameter of the drying chamber was increased from 5 to 8 inches, and a cocurrent flow of air was established with a closed recycle. Finally, this investigation suggested a drying scheme which offers all the advantages of spray drying without many of its limitations.

The objective of this program was to evaluate mullite in contact with molten silicon to be used as a substrate for Honeywell's Silicon-On-Ceramic process and as a container for melting solar grade silicon. A further requirement was to fabricate respective substrates and containers. To maintain solar grade silicon purity levels, the mullite must generally introduce less than 10/sup 15/ atoms/cc of impurities. To evaluate the mullite-molten silicon interaction, a series of bodies were made with variations in density, alumina-silica ratio and glass-crystalline ratio. These materials were tested in a sessile drop technique. None of the variations stood up to extended exposure to molten silicon sufficiently to be recommended as a contaner material. However, directional solidification experiments by Jet Propulsion Laboratory suggest that, under proper conditions, contamination of the silicon by mullite containers can be minimized. To improve an already good thermal expansion match between mullite and silicon, compositional variations were studied. Altering of the alumina-silica ratio was determined to give a continuously varying thermal expansion. Thus, a composition can be selected to give the desired thermal expansion match with silicon.

NOAA/DOE has selected three concepts for a baseline design of the cold water pipe (CWP) for OTEC plants: (1) a FRP CWP of sandwich wall construction suspended from the Applied Physical Laboratory/John Hopkins University (APL/JHU) barge at a site 200 miles east of the coast of Brazil using a horizontal deployment scheme; (2) an elastomer CWP suspended from the APL/JHU barge off the southeast coast of Puerto Rico using either a horizontal or vertical deployment scheme; and (3) a polyethylene CWP (single or multiple pipe) suspended from the Gibbs and Cox spar at the Puerto Rico site using a horizontal deployment scheme. TRW has developed a baseline design for each of these configurations. This volume of the report includes the following appendices: (A) fiberglass reinforced plastic cold water pipe (specification and drawingss); (B) specification for polyethylene CWP; (C) elastomer pipe drawings; (D) drawings for OTEC 10/40 hull/CWP transitions; (E) structural design of OTEC 10/40 CWP support and CWP transitions; (F) universal transition joint for CWP; (G) dynamic spherical seal of CWP; (H) at-sea deployment loads - surface towing loads; (I) OTEC 10/40 CWP deployment up-ending loads; (J) cost estimates for OTEC 10/40 hull/CWP transitions; and (K) OTEC 10/40 CWP deployment …

Progress is reported on the development of the high-temperature solid oxide electrolyte fuel cell. Oxygen losses in the indium oxide, air electrode current collector were investigated for different dopant levels and dopants. Work is aimed at improving the interface operating conditions with the interconnection. The effect of magnesium additions on the perovskite crystal structure of lanthanum chromite interconnection material was also investigated. Other experiments were performed to improve the quality of some of the fuel cell components. The nickel cermet fuel electrode was refined, with respect to improved strength and conductivity. Also, the air electrode structure was modified to enhance air permeability to the interconnection interface. In addition, experiments were initiated to improve the quality of the 0.3 m long porous support tubes. Finally, experiments were performed, dealing both with scale-up and refinement of the electrochemical vapor deposition (EVD) process for producing interconnection films of lanthanum chromite on long lengths of support tubing (up to 0.3 m). A seven cell fuel cell stack was fabricated that utilized these component and process improvements. Five cells of this stack delivered 0.64 V/cell at 400 mA/cm/sup 2/, 1000/sup 0/C, H/sub 2//3% H/sub 2/O inlet fuel.

Forged HP 9-4-20 steel exhibits a high yield strength (1240 MPa (180 ksi)), a high fracture toughness (K/sub Ic/) (120 MN/m/sup 3/2/ (110 ksi ..sqrt..in)), in good weldability. The alloy was studied to determine some of its corrosion and stress-corrosion characteristics, especially after welding. Potentiodynamic-polarization studies established that pitting of the steel was most severe when the chloride ion concentration was high and the pH of the solution was low. Higher potentials (approaching 1 V) caused increased corrosion rates also. Pitting of the welded samples was not preferential to any part of the weld and was uniform on both the base metal and weld. Dead-weight stress-corrosion tests demonstrated that welding did not increase susceptibility of the alloy to stress corrosion. The specimens failed in a ductile manner from the increased tensile load as the cross-sectional area was reduced by dissolution of the metal in the corrosive solution.

Effective intrusion protection for uninhabited sites scattered widely throughout a large geographic area can be a difficult and expensive proposition. When the sites are important enough to require continuous surveillance, the problem is even worse. Roving patrols are not effective, and conventional alarms don't provide enough information to allow a meaningful response. Television systems have possibilities but also disadvantages: the usual system is both costly and inflexible. This paper describes our solution to the problem: a cost effective instrusion protection system used to simultaneously protect many sites scattered over many square miles, with realtime surveillance from a central point. The system is based on a state-of-the-art FM CATV concept that is capable of providing surveillance for multiple sites, is modular in design for quick setup, flexible, and easily maintained. A electronic motion detector is incorporated for each site under surveillance, with a visual and audible alarm to alert the observer at the central control console. The observer can then bring the intruded site up on a large-screen monitor for detailed assessment. The system is relatively economical as all equipment is commercially available and all installation is straight-forward and follows usual CATV construction practices.

Major emphasis during the period was centered on improving the material properties of electrodeposited CdTe. Using newly devised means for peeling thin CdTe films off the ITO-coated glass substrates, it was possible to accurately measure material density and electrical resistivity. Density proved to be 40% below the bulk CdTe figure of about 6 gm/cm/sup 3/, while resistivity of supposedly doped CdTe films exceeded 10/sup 5/..cap omega.. - cm. These findings prompted initiation of a beneficial change in plating procedures which increased the thin film polycrystalline CdTe density to the bulk value while, at the same time, good columnar growth was obtained. Films made under the old plating process were made into Schottky diodes showing good uniformity and V/sub oc/ values generally exceeding 0.5V. Short circuit current of the best of these was 9.5mA/cm/sup 2/ despite the fact that light entered through a thick gold film and was strongly attenuated.

Of major technical and cost impact to Magnetic Fusion Energy development are the materials for the magnet structure. Those materials and fabrication techniques that are attractive to fusion magnets are discussed and relative comparisons made. Considerations such as strength, toughness, and joining techniques are balanced against recommended design criteria to reach an optimum design. Several examples of material selection are cited for large fusion magnets such as Base II, the Mirror Fusion Test Facility, the Toroidal Fusion Test Facility, and the Large Coil Project.