This document contains the input and output for the Policy Analysis Screening System (PASS) demonstration. This demonstration is stored on a portable disk at the Environmental Impacts Division. Sample queries presented here include: (1) how to use PASS; (2) estimated 1995 energy consumption from Mid-Range Energy-Forecasting System (MEFS) data base; (3) pollution projections from Strategic Environmental Assessment System (SEAS) data base; (4) diesel auto regulations; (5) diesel auto health effects; (6) oil shale health and safety measures; (7) water pollution effects of SRC; (8) acid rainfall from Energy Environmental Statistics (EES) data base; 1990 EIA electric generation by fuel type; sulfate concentrations by Federal region; forecast of 1995 SO/sub 2/ emissions in Region III; and estimated electrical generating capacity in California to 1990. The file name for each query is included.

This report includes the following: (1) acceptance test plan, (2) systems performance data, (3) pictures of completed system, (4) problems in building the system, (5) description of the system, (6) major maintenance problems, (7) revised blueprints, (8) installation, operation, and maintenance manuals, and (9) recommendations.(MOW)

The primary objective of this program is to develop data and techniques for determining the dynamic impact response of radioactive-material shipping-container systems for environmental control and safety overview and assessment. One phase of this program is the dynamic testing of 1/8-, 1/4-, and 1/2-scale models of uranium-shielded truck casks. These linearly scaled models are fabricated from the same materials typically used in full-size prototype casks. In order to analytically evaluate the results of dynamic tests, it is necessary to know the mechanical properties of the materials of construction. Since the properties of cast uranium--molybdenum alloys vary significantly with casting and heat-treating techniques, it is necessary to fully characterize the mechanical properties of the uranium used in the model tests. This report presents the results of these studies. The uranium alloy exhibited a tensile strength equal to or greater than that reported by others. As indicated by the percentage of elongation and reduction in area, the ductility was lower. Comparative data for the other mechanical properties measured were not found in the literature.

Structural analyses are reported of upgraded coal-liquids derived from catalytic hydroprocessing of a 30 to 70 blend SRC I with SRC II in a trickle bed reactor under different process conditions. The results indicate that along with the decrease in toluene insolubles, heteroatom (O,N,S) content, aromatic content and corresponding increase in aliphatic content, the hydrogen-bonded structure and phenolic OH content of the coal-liquid drastically decrease with increase in contact time and temperature. The specific gravity, aromaticity, and atomic C/H ratio of the upgraded liquids decrease linearly with the conversion of pentane-insolubles (TI + A) into pentane-soluble oil (HO). Increase in temperature from 672/sup 0/K to 694/sup 0/K, under present hydroprocessing conditions, accelerates thermal hydrocracking and increases the conversion of pentane-insolubles, with a marked decrease in specific gravity, viscosity, heteroatom content, and atomic C/H ratio of the upgraded liquid. Hydroprocessing conditions greatly influence the properties of asphaltene fractions.

The extension of Wiener's classical mean-square filtering theory to the estimation of two-dimensional (2-D), discrete random fields is discussed. In analogy with the 1-D case, the optimal realizable filter is derived by solution of a 2-D discrete Wiener--Hopf equation using a spectral factorization procedure. Computational algorithms for performing the required calculations are discussed. 3 figures.

We demonstrate the limitations of using retarded (bisulfite) developer to abate film sensitivity of x-ray films that have been exposed to intense radiation. We compared the measured densities of a large number of Kodak Type-M x-ray film samples exposed to a known fluence of monochromatic x-rays. These film samples were processed in three separate batches of bisulfite developer mixed in the same proportions. We concluded that reproducible film-density information cannot be obtained using different batches of (bisulfite) developer solutions.

The solar heating and hot water system installed in existing buildings at the Cherry Hill Inn in Cherry Hill, New Jersey is described in detail. The system went into operation November 8, 1978 and is expected to furnish 31.5% of the overall heating load and 29.8% of the hot water load. The collectors are General Electric Company liquid evacuated tube type. The storage system is an above ground insulated steel water tank with a capacity of 7,500 gallons.

In our laser fusion microsphere production, large, thin gel-microspheres are formed before the chemicals are fused into glass. In this transient stage,, the gel-microspheres are found to be highly permeable to argon and many other inert gases. When the gel transforms to glass, the argon gas, for example, is trapped within to form argon filled, fusion target quality, glass microspheres. On the average, the partial pressure of the argon fills attained in this process is around 2 x 10/sup 4/ Pa at room temperature.

Progress in EFG ribbon growth was made in a number of areas as follows: (1) Multiple growth for ribbons 5 cm in width was demonstrated in two runs of 12 and 20 hours' duration. (2) A new single cartridge crystal growth station, designated Machine 17, was built. It has vastly expanded observational capacity by virture of an anamorphic optical-video system which allows close observation of the meniscus over 7.5 cm in width, as well as video taping of the ribbon growth process for further analysis. Also, a number of mechanical advances were incorporated into this equipment. (3) Growth Station No. 1 achieved reproducible and reliable growth of 7.5 cm wide ribbon at speeds up to 4 cm/min. (4) A major advance in cartridge design, the mini cold shoe, was introduced. (5) Interface shaping using the displaced die concept led to significant increases in cell efficiency. Large area cells (2.5 by 7.5 cm/sup 2/, 2.5 x 10 cm/sup 2/, and 7.5 by 7.5 cm/sup 2/), which achieve efficiencies over 9%, have been made in significant numbers. (6) The role of gaseous impurities in cartridge furnaces has been clarified and their destabilizing influence on growth has been brought under control. Details of …

The oxygen potential of hypostoichiometric plutonia at temperatures from 1000 to 1200/sup 0/C has been measured as a function of the oxygen-to-plutonium ratio by a thermogravimetric procedure. These data have been used to calculate activity coefficients for plutonia dissolved in urania and in thoria.

A simplified system has been written to help in FORTRAN programming of physics and mathematical problems. The system is described in Appendix A. A magnetic tape has been made of the complete system as used on the DEC-10 by M-Division for Magnetic Fusion related calculations. The system turns out to use many of the locally developed goodies, such as the TEDI text editor, the TV80 graphics system, and Tektronix 4012 videos. The facilities are briefly described in the HLP files on the tape.

A simple and potentially inexpensive method for removal of H/sub 2/S from noncondensible gases evolved in geothermal flash processes has been successfully tested on a small scale in the field. The method consists of scrubbing the noncondensible gases of H{sub 2}S with brine effluents which contain relatively high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Fe such as those of the Salton Sea and Brawley Geothermal Fields in the Imperial Valley, California. For plant applications, noncondensibles including H{sub 2}S would be ejected from a surface steam condenser (necessary to minimize the volume of liquid in contact with H/sub 2/) and scrubbed with effluent brine just prior to preinjection clarification. The metal sulfide precipitates are removed in the clarification step and the noncondensibles, less H{sub 2}S, are vented as usual.

This report was prepared at the request of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) to clarify the development status of the pressurized fluidized bed combustor (PFBC) and to place in perspective the problems which are yet to be solved before commercialization of the concept is practical. The report is viewed as preliminary to a more complete and comprehensive work to be carried out during FY 1979. An evaluation of the PFBC concept cites potential advantages over atmospheric pressure fluidized bed combustors (AFBC) in the areas of combustion efficiency, sulfur retention, furnace design, power plant efficiency, and others. The key disadvantage of unproven hot gas cleanup and associated gas turbine technology is discussed in considerable detail. A survey of existing and developing PFBC experimental facilities is presented plus some results from the experimental programs. Recent design studies for full-sized PFBC power plants are reviewed with emphasis on key design parameters. Results for similar AFBC design studies are presented in contrast. The general conclusion drawn from this preliminary survey is that the potential advantages of the PRBC used in conjunction with a high-temperature (850/sup 0/C (1560/sup 0/F)) gas turbine will be difficult to realize due primarily to the formidable task of developing adequate …

Pulsed magnetic welding is being evaluated as a process for welding fuel cladding to the end plug for nuclear fuel pins. A continuous metallurgical bond is required between the plug and clad because this joint must function as a gas and coolant seal for the fuel pin. An ultrasonic technique utilizing a computer controlled scanner was developed to inspect these welds. First, fuel pin specimens were profiled in the weld zone region by determining actual surface coordinates. This step eliminated variable geometry effects and guaranteed proper transducer alignment during the scanning. Second, scans were made using positional information obtained during profiling, and ultrasonic data were digitized and stored for computer analysis. Third, analysis algorithms were used to recognize unbonded regions, and total unbonded area was calculated. Finally, A-scan and C-scan plots were generated by the computer.

A new experimental approach to the testing and data recording setup for ferroelectric converters is described. Thermocouple thermometry allowed low frequency thermal cycles to be measured. This lower frequency, in turn, allowed the employment of a Peltier effect module to pump heat into and out of the ferroelectric sample. The Peltier module is driven by a bipolar power supply whose output current (0 to +- 10 amp) is proportional to an input voltage. Thus, the amount of heat delivered to the sample is well controlled in amplitude and time. Perioudic heat pumping waveforms (of any reasonable shape) are generated by a TRS-80 computer. The experimental setup is described, and results of electrocaloric experiments are presented. (WHK)

The Soviet Union is considering the use of nuclear emplosives to excavate a portion of the Pechora-Kama Canal to divert water from northward-flowing rivers into the Caspian Sea. The Soviets have provided a general description of the Canal project, but detailed analyses of the nuclear design, including yields and number of nuclear charges, have never been published. Estimates for the nuclear design based on three different approaches are presented. Because of the meager amount of data provided by Soviet scientists, a variety of assumptions, based on U.S. experience, regarding media properties and design parameters have been made. The resulting estimates are strongly dependent upon these assumptions. Reasonable sets of assumptions can be found which lead to results in agreement with the published Soviet estimates for the total yield and total number of explosives. The results also indicate that the nuclear canal can be constructed, under most assumptions, to meet all identified Soviet criteria using only nuclear explosives with yields less than or equal to 150 kt.

A technique was developed for making large-area boron and carbon scatterers or filters for use on nuclear field experiments and in the ion accelerator/subkilovolt x-ray facility in the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. These scatterers and filters were made by spraying a mixture of boron in ethyl alcohol or of carbon in isopropyl alcohol on a backing material of 0.00185-cm polyethylene (-CH/sub 2/CH/sub 2/-). In place of the polyethelene, any suitable backing material can be used.

The addition of a photovoltaic array to a solar-heated single-family residence at the University of Texas at Arlington permits the study of combined photovoltaic/thermal system operation. Equipment and construction details are presented.

Various factors affecting the electrical resistivity of the pyrotechnic pressed powder TiH/sub x//KC10/sub 4/, which is sensitive to hot wire ignition yet quite spark insensitive, were evaluated. The electrical resistivity of the TiH/sub x/ and TiH/sub x//KC10/sub 4/ were correlated with their pressing pressure, stoichiometry, powder surface area, and temperature (from below liquid nitrogen temperature to 500 K). Data show resistivity increasing with x and surface area, and decreasing non-linearly with pressing pressure. It was concluded that temperature coefficient of resistivity depends upon powder surface features. In addition, it was found that electrostatic discharge lowers TiH/sub x/ and TiH/sub x//KC10/sub 4/ pellet resistivity and that the effect is larger for pellets with higher initial resistivity.

Test procedures are formulated to ensure that the alternator stator, P/N 719134, satisfies the requirements set forth within the KIPS Technology Verification Plan.

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Quantitative measurement of the reactivities of methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes, under high pressure reaction conditions (102 atm, 300/sup 0/C) representative of industrial practice, has been accomplished. The catalyst was sulfided commercial Co-Mo/..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Methyl groups in the 2 and 8 or 3 and 7 positions show little effect. Methyl groups in the 4 position, however, reduced the reactivity by an order of magnitude and methyl groups in the 4 and 6 positions reduced it somewhat more. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) was found to be self-inhibiting and results with the methyl-substituted compounds implies that there is competitive adsorption of DBT and the methyl-substituted DBT. The reaction network involving benzonaphthothiophene and hydrogen has been determined. As before, the catalyst was typical commercial cobalt molybdate (sulfided CoO-MoO/sub 3//..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/). The reaction conditions were 68 atm and 300/sup 0/C. The important result was that in contrast to dibenzothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene experiences extensive hydrogenation accompanying hydrodesulfurization, even with Co-Mo/..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, the most selective of the available hydrodesulfurization catalysts. The sulfur-containing compounds having 3 rings or fewer experience nearly stoichiometric hydrodesulfurization (hydrogenolysis without hydrogenation), whereas the sulfur-containing compounds having 4 rings or more experience hydrogenation and hydrodesulfurization at roughly equal rates, giving products which experience further hydrogenation (and/or …