This study reviews and assesses the technology of oil spill spreading, retention and cleanup and proposes research needs in these areas. Sources of oil spills are analyzed and the difficulty of gathering meaningful statistics is discussed. Barrier technology is reviewed and problem areas analyzed. Natural and forced biodegradation and natural and chemical dispersion of oil spills are considered. Research recommendations are categorized under the following two headings (1) Preventive techniques and (2) Containment, Cleanup and Dispersion.

The design of an extremely high performance programmable digital filter of novel architecture, the LLL Programmable Digital Filter, is described. The digital filter is a high-performance multiprocessor having general purpose applicability and high programmability; it is extremely cost effective either in a uniprocessor or a multiprocessor configuration. The architecture and instruction set of the individual processor was optimized with regard to the multiple processor configuration. The optimal structure of a parallel processing system was determined for addressing the specific Navy application centering on the advanced digital filtering of passive acoustic ASW data of the type obtained from the SOSUS net. 148 figures. (RWR)

Several new or poorly characterized neutron-rich nuclides were produced and studied at the Brookhaven Medium Energy Intense Neutron facility, MEIN. /sup 190/W decays with T/sub 1/2/ = 30.0 +- 1.5 min, E/sub beta/ = 0.93 +- 0.07 MeV, and ..gamma..'s of 157.6 and 162.1 keV. /sup 196/Os decays with T/sub 1/2/ = 35.0 +- 0.4 min and ..gamma..'s at 126.1, 200.7, 207.0, 257.0, 315.3, 407.6, 522.2, and 628.9 keV. /sup 230/Ra decays with T/sub 1/2/ = 93 +- 2 min to 122 +- 3 sec /sup 230/Ac; ..gamma..-ray energies and intensities are tabulated. A decay scheme is proposed for /sup 190/W, and many of the transitions following the decay of /sup 230/Ac are between known levels in /sup 230/Th.

Two refrigeration systems applicable to the theta-pinch fusion concept are described. The first is a 1100 W, 4.5 K refrigerator which will be used for testing superconducting NbTi Magnetic Energy Transfer and Storage (METS) coil systems. This unit is currently being installed and is to be operational by April 1977. The second unit is applicable to the Syllac Fusion Test Reactor (SFTR) and has been conceptually designed. This liquefier-refrigerator is about 22 times larger than those in existence at present and will require 12-MW input electrical power. It will provide 3045 kg/h of liquid helium at 4.5 K.

The Tokamak Experimental Power Reactor is a device designed to operate at or near ignition with the potential for production of net power. It utilizes technology which either exists or can be achieved with a modest extrapolation from the present. The plasma driving systems, and their implications for energy storage and transfer technology are analyzed utilizing dynamic simulation of the plasma startup, burn and shutdown.

The FLAC code (Fourier Laser Amplifier Code) was used to simulate the CYCLOPS laser system up to the third B-module and to calculate the maximum ripple gain spectrum. The model of this portion of CYCLOPS consists of 33 segments that correspond to 20 optical elements (simulation of the cell requires 2 segments and 12 external air spaces). (MHR)

The LASNEX code has been upgraded to include optical ray tracing of laser light through the dynamically changing Lagrangian hydrodynamic mesh. Calculations have been carried out to simulate the absorption of laser light by a two-dimensional breakdown plasma initiated by a vaporizing dust particle.

Various factors that can affect thermal blooming in stagnation zones are examined, including stagnation-zone motion, longitudinal air motion in the neighborhood of the stagnation zone, and the effects of scenario noncoplanarity. Of these effects, only the last offers any reasonable hope of reducing the strong thermal blooming that normally accompanies stagnation zones; in particular, noncoplanarity should benefit multipulse more than cw beams. The methods of treating nonhorizontal winds hydrodynamically for cw and multipulse steady-state sources are discussed. Pulse ''self-blooming'' in the triangular pulse approximation is discussed in the context of both single and multipulse propagation. It is shown that self-blooming and multipulse blooming cannot be treated independently.

This report is intended as a brief statement of the recent developments and results of the Brookhaven Solar Neutrino Experiment communicated through Professor G. Kocharov to the Leningrad conference on active processes on the sun and the solar neutrino problem. The report summarizes the results of experiments performed over a period of 6 years, from April 1970 to January 1976. Neutrino detection depends upon the neutrino capture reaction /sup 37/Cl(..nu..,e/sup -/)/sup 37/Ar producing the isotope /sup 37/Ar (half life of 35 days). The detector contains 3.8 x 10/sup 5/ liters of C/sub 2/Cl/sub 4/ (2.2 x 10/sup 30/ atoms of /sup 37/Cl) and is located at a depth of 4400 meters of water equivalent (m.w.e.) in the Homestake Gold Mine at Lead, South Dakota, U.S.A. The procedures for extracting /sup 37/Ar and the counting techniques used were described in previous reports. The entire recovered argon sample was counted in a small gas proportional counter. Argon-37 decay events were characterized by the energy of the Auger electrons emitted following the electron capture decay and by the rise-time of the pulse. Counting measurements were continued for a period sufficiently long to observe the decay of /sup 37/Ar.

Commercial refractories of alumina, magnesia, zirconia, and silica, as well as samples of graphite, thoria, beryllia, boron carbide, and quartz, were tested for compatibility with high-temperature and boiling sodium. Samples were exposed either to static sodium at 850/sup 0/C for five hours or to boiling sodium for about an hour. Graphite, thoria, beryllia, boron carbide, and refractories with high alumina or magnesia contents, but with low silica and chromic oxide contents, were found to be compatible with high-temperature and boiling sodium. Sample compatibility with sodium decreased with an increase in the silica content of the sample. Samples with large silica content failed completely. Bricks with high zirconia content did not withstand exposure to boiling sodium, but high-fired zirconia crucibles appeared to be in good condition after sodium exposure. Except for the results with the high-zirconia bricks, the results of the ANL experiments with refractory bricks are in good agreement with those obtained in sodium compatibility experiments done at Westinghouse Advanced Reactors Division. 36 Figs.

A review on nucleolytic enzymes is expected to appear this month. Three abstracts were sent, two to Federation and one to the International Society on Toxicology. Further improvements were made in the method of preparation of venom exonuclease (phosphodiesterase). Other enzymes in venom hydrolyzing phosphate bonds were also partially purified. The major progress was made in the understanding of action of mung bean nuclease. Two papers not mentioned in publications were submitted to the Journal of Biological Chemistry and will be included in next year's report. The enzyme protein was characterized and the mechanism of action on native DNA was studied. Conditions were found to produce large (about 1 million dalton) duplex fragments from native T/sub 7/ DNA. Under different conditions, these fragments are degraded from their ends with the production of mono- to trinucleotides.

The effects of non-diagonal terms in the neutral current of an SU(2) x U(1) gauge six-quark model with slow rescaling are examined. The model reproduces the experimental charged current data with appropriate choice of heavy quark masses. The experimental neutral current data requires at least five quarks to explain it. In our context, the predictions for various heavy quark masses and quark mixings differ most for energies in the range 0 to 50 GeV. The various quantities are also calculated for proton and neutron targets.

The high temperature series expansions relevant to the hyperscaling relation ..delta.. = /sup 1///sub 2/(d..nu.. + ..gamma..) are extended and reexamined. Hyperscaling is found to hold in 2 dimensions as expected, but fails in 3 and 4 dimensions. The triviality of hyperstrong-coupling, Euclidean, Boson, phi/sup 4/ field theory follows.

A shared random-access memory resource is described which is used within real-time data acquisition and control systems with multiprocessor and multibus organizations. Hardware and software aspects are discussed in a specific example where interconnections are done via a UNIBUS. The general applicability of the approach is also discussed. 5 figures, 1 table.

A vapor drift-flux model has been applied to the discharge of two-phase mixtures under choked flow conditions, including equilibrium as well as non-equilibrium vapor generation models. The system of four conservation equations is being solved, using the method of characteristics. Closed form expressions have been obtained for the propagation velocities from approximate solutions of the system's characteristic determinant. Treatment of the phase change front as a discontinuity, similar to the treatment of shocks in single phase gas dynamics, permitted very accurate solutions. Good agreement with experimental data is shown.