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Results of a parameter study on the dynamic plastic response of a hexagonal subassembly duct subjected to an internal pressure pulse of arbitrary shape are presented. Plastic distortion of the cross section and large-deformation geometric effects that result in redistribution of the internal forces between bending and membrane stresses in the hexagon wall are included in the analytical model. Correlation procedures are established for relating permanent plastic deformation to simple properties of the pressure pulse, for both the small- and large-deformation ranges. Characteristic response times are determined, and the dynamic load factor for large-deformation plastic response is computed.

A joint design and ultrasonic welding schedule capable of making a leak-tight pressure joint in nylon was developed. This will permit the replacement of polystyrene with nylon for cell cases on a nickel--cadmium battery.

Interest in geothermal systems as potential sources of energy has been increasing in the past decade. Thermal or hot springs commonly occur as surface manifestation of geothermal systems. One of the first steps in evaluating the potential of such systems is the compilation of an inventory of known thermal springs and available chemical data. The only previous such compilation in Alaska has been by Waring (1917) who listed 75 known hot springs and 22 chemical analyses; a later world-wide summary by Waring (1965), which included Alaska, listed a total of 79 thermal springs. These publications, both now out of print, are excellent summaries of known thermal springs as of about 1963. In the last 10 years, however, previously unreported occurrences of thermal springs have been published in various geologic reports and topographic maps and additional chemical analyses are now available. The purpose of this compilation, therefore, is to supplement Waring's earlier reports with the more recent data. In a few cases springs reported by Waring have been deleted since later work has cast doubt on their existence. Only those springs whose temperatures are significantly (i.e., 15 to 20/sup 0/C) above mean annual surface temperature have been included in this compilation.

As part of a brief reconnaissance of southeastern Oregon, temperatures were measured in five wells in the Harney Basin during May of 1972. The results are presented together with a summary of temperature gradients previously published by Bowen (1972) and one well measured by C. E. Van Ostrand. The location of the wells and the average temperature gradient in /sup 0/C/km and the temperature profiles measured by the U.S. Geological Survey are presented graphically. The wells vary in depth up to 420 meters.

An investigation was performed to define particulate deposition in exhaust air sampling tubes for plutonium areas. Twelve sampling tubes were washed with nitric acid. Residues from wash solutions were counted for total alpha activity. Results indicate negligible sample loss due to particulate deposition in sample delivery tubes.

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Substantial quantities of krypton having a krypton-85 concentration of less than 10% will become available if nuclear fuel-processing plants are required to collect the gaseous fission products rather than releasing them into the atmosphere. A modular thermal diffusion unit was designed for the enrichment of the krypton-85 to useful concentrations of greater than 45%. The design emphasizes reliability and integrity by incorporating no moving parts within the unit. The modular design also offers flexibility in the size of the enrichment facility that need be constructed at any time.

The relationship between microstructure, heat treatment and room temperature fracture toughness has been determined for the low alloy ultra-high strength steels 4130, 4330, 4340, 4140 and 300-M. Optical metallography, microprobe analysis, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the structure and morphology, while both Charpy V-notch impact tests and plane strain fracture toughness tests were used to determine the fracture properties. The normal commercial heat treatment resulted in the formation of some bainite in all the alloys. MnS inclusions on prior austenite grain boundaries were found to initiate cracks during loading. By increasing the austenitizing temperature to l200 C, the fracture toughness could be increased by at least 60%. For some alloys increasing the severity of the quench in conjunction with the higher austenitizing temperatures resulted in further increases in the fracture toughness, and the elimination of any observable upper bainite. There was no correlation between the Charpy impact test results and the fracture toughness results. The alloys 4130, 4140, 4340 all showed a severe intergranular embrittlement when austenitized at high temperatures and tempered above 200 C, while the alloys 4330 and 300-M exhibited no drop in toughness for the same heat treatment conditions. The as-quenched tensile specimens had …

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) facility for the examination of tritium-containing materials is operational at Mound Laboratory. The SEM is installed with the sample chamber incorporated as an integral part of an inert gas glovebox facility to enable easy handling of radioactive and pyrophoric materials. A standard SEM (ETEC Model B-1) was modified to meet dimensional, operational, and safety-related requirements. A glovebox was designed and fabricated which permitted access with the gloves to all parts of the SEM sample chamber to facilitate detector and accessory replacement and repairs. A separate console combining the electron optical column and specimen chamber was interfaced to the glovebox by a custom-made, neoprene bellows so that the vibrations normally associated with the blowers and pumps were damped. Photomicrographs of tritiated pyrophoric materials show the usefulness of this facility. Some of the difficulties involved in the investigation of these materials are also discussed. The SEM is also equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector (ORTEC) and a Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer (3M) attachments. This latter attachment allows analysis of secondary ions with masses ranging from 1-300 amu.

The authors describe a state-of-the-art automatic control system as it is used to control a manufacturing process in an explosive environment. Compact, explosion proof sensing devices and a custom designed interface to a controller input are discussed.

Natural communities respond to disruption through a series of changes in plant and animal communities that are broadly predictable. The field-to-forest sere of central Long Island follows the pattern set forth earlier for the Piedmont of North Carolina and for New Jersey. The communities of herbs that occur in the years immediately after abandonment are followed by an Andropogon stage which is replaced before the 20th year by pine forest. The pine is replaced in the next 25 years by oak-pine, which in the normal Course is followed by oak-hickory. With repeated burning the oak-pine stage in various combinations of oaks and pine may be maintained indefinitely. Diversity, measured as number of species per unit land area, increased in this sere through the 3-5th years after abandonment to a maximum, dropped, and rose again in the later forest stages. Exotics were a conspicuous part of the communities of the earlier stages but their importance diminished as succession progressed and their contribution to net production was zero beyond the 20th year. The removal of exotics would probably not have changed the pattern of diversity appreciably. Net primary production increased with succession in this sere with major changes occurring as life-forms of …

A device for automatic dispensing of precise amounts of finely divided solids has been developed. Precision is a function of dispensing time. Smaller than gram quantities may be dispensed at a rate of about 1/3 g/min with a precision corresponding to a weight range of about 0.001 g for a series. The process consists in moving the material with the effect of the vibratory motion of a miniature air-powered vibrator. Operation is automatically controlled by the electronic system of the weighing unit interfaced to the pneumatic dispensing device via a combination fluidic and pneumatic control system.

Progress is reported for a program to demonstrate by 1976 an experimental gas turbine powered automobile which meets the 1976 Federal Emissions standards and which is competitive in fuel economy, performance, reliability, and potential manufacturing cost with the conventional piston engine powered, standard size American automobile. Procurement delays have caused engine deliveries to slip one to two months. Assembly of Engine 3 with special instrumentation for NASA and Engine 4 to be used in the first vehicle has commenced. Resolution of some intake design details will complete the vehicle installation design. Other vehicle component and modification efforts are on schedule. Support activity has included: (1) studies and proposals for improving engine fuel economy; (2) ceramic recuperator calculations; (3) cooperation with NASA's program by giving a design review, providing engine drawings, planning and fabricating instrumentation for their engine, and advising them on matters relating to their engine test facilities; (4) refinement of a combustor test procedure; and (5) two ''sixth generation'' vehicle demonstrations. Engine endurance activity has started with the evaluation of a proprietary molded insulation. Limited progress was made in the experimental determination of variable geometry combustor control parameters. Ceramic regenerator specifications were prepared. A sub-contractor for an integrated control …

The experiments with U(37)O{sub 2}F{sub 2} aqueous solution followed the series of experiments with {sup 233}UO{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} and U(93)O{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} solutions in the 69.2-cm-diam sphere. The critical concentrations of {sup 233}U and {sup 235}U were used to evaluate the ratio of {ovr {eta}{sigma}{sub a}}(233)/{ovr {eta}{sigma}{sub a}}(235) some years ago when the accepted value of {ovr {eta}}(233) was questioned. The purpose of the experiment reported here was to measure the increase in {sup 235}U critical concentration and, hence, the increase in critical mass due to the increase in the {sup 238}U content in the 69.2-cm-diam sphere. The U(37)O{sub 2}F{sub 2} concentration in an aqueous solution was adjusted to that when an aluminum spherical vessel was completely filled and the multiplication factor was greater than unity and the excess reactivity was measured by means of a positive reactor period. The critical conditions are summarized in Table 1. The critical conditions for U(93)O{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} solution in the same sphere are also given for comparison and there is only a small difference in the critical {sup 235}U density or mass. In these well moderated solutions there is only a small amount of neutron absorption in {sup 238}U. A …

During 1972 and 1973 a study was conducted in the B-C Cribs, 200 East Area, to learn the extent to which jackrabbits (Lepus californicus) and their predators had dispersed buried radioactive wastes in their fecal pellets and scats. The specific objective was to gather sufficient data on the pattern of dispersal so that statistically valid sampling strategies could be developed in future programs, depending upon management planning objectives for the area. A secondary objective was to relate these data with parameters, such as topography, wind direction, vegetation types, animal behavior, that might help explain the pattern of dispersal. In 1972, 2625 circular sampling sites were surveyed along 30 transects radiating out 2.4 to 3.2 km from the B-C Cribs. Radioactive contaminated feces, urine, soil and vegetation were distributed in all directions from the cribs, but the area to the south and southwest was more densely and uniformly contaminated. Of the ultimate sampling units surveyed, 278 or 10.6% had activity in excess o f 10,000 counts per minute (cprn) measured with a Geiger-Mueller counter. Of these 278 circular areas, 179 or 64% were found within 0.5 km of the cribs, 23.4% were between 0.5 and 1.0 km, and the remaining 12.2% …

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Preliminary data are presented on {pi}-production in inclusive pp interactions at 200 GeV/c using the NAL 30-inch bubble chamber and downstream wide-gap spark chambers. Correlations between {pi}{sup -}'s are studied. No strong short-range correlation effect is seen in contrast to ISR results. Further details of the physical characteristics of the hybrid system and track reconstruction are described in accompanying papers. In this paper they present preliminary results on correlations between {pi}{sup -}'s in 200 GeV/c pp interactions obtained from the NAL 30-inch bubble chamber-wide gap spark chamber hybrid system. The physical characteristics of the hybrid system and track reconstruction are described in accompanying papers. The data came from a film sample of 5,000 pictures. By selecting frames with no upstream bubble chamber wall interactions and with the number of beam tracks less than 15, they have obtained 596 events (1604 negative tracks) from all topologies in the first measurement pass. By detecting high momentum secondaries in the spark chambers, they have obtained a complete momentum spectra in the entire range of kinematic variables.

The authors describe the track reconstruction and bubble chamber/spark chamber hookup software used in the NAL hybrid spectrometer. Results for 15-200 GeV/c tracks are presented. Further details of the physical characteristics of the hybrid system and preliminary physics results are presented in accompanying papers.

This report provides a preliminary evaluation of the effect of reservoir temperatures on the cost of geothermal hot water wells and flash-steam gathering systems to support a 50,000 kW power plant. Comparisons are made of the capital investments required for each case and the corresponding payout period based on steam costs of 6 mill/kWh of power generated. In order to show how the reservoir temperatures and steam cost affect the cost of electric power delivered to the high tension bus at the power plant, capital costs estimates were prepared and economic analyses made to determine the cost of electric power for each corresponding case.

A procedure is described to subdue the noise made by the LN2 control valve on a Statham Temperature Chamber.

A high-specific-energy lithium/sulfur battery having the performance characteristics required for powering pollutionfree automobiles is described. The cells currently under development have negative electrodes of molten lithium and positive electrodes of sulfur (plus an additive to reduce the sulfur vapor pressure) separated by a molten lithium halide-containing electrolyte. The operating temperature of the cells is about 400 deg C. The performance goals for a single cell include a capacity density of 0.4 A-hr/cm/sup 2/ at a current density of 0.1 A/cm/sup 2/, a peak power density of 1-2 W/cm/sup 2/, and a minimum cycle life of 1000 cycles. Cells with positive electrodes consisting of sulfurarsenic-carbon mixtures in graphite housings have achieved short-time peak power densities and capacity densities that meet or exceed the goals for a single cell. A capacity density of 0.1 A-hr/cm/sup 2/ has been sustained at a discharge current density of 0.1 A/cm/sup 2/l (1-V cutoff) for more than 500 hr and 100 cycles. Improvement in cell design is needed, however, to achieve higher sulfur utilization and longer cell lifetimes. (auth)

From nuclear science symposium; San Francisco, California, USA (14 Nov 1973). Work has been continued on the development of techniques for imaging spatial elemental distributions by means of differential absorption about the K- absorption edge of the particular element Z. A method to correct for spurious effects due to differential absorption in overlying absorber is described. Initial clinical studies of thyroid iodine images on patierts are presented. Application of absorption edge transmission scanning to measurements of Ca cortent in thin in-vitro samples of rat bone is also discussed. An x-ray source with a broad energy spectrum was used. (CH)