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The purpose of this report is to describe the operation of the Acceptance Test Facility (ATF) and testing of SNAP 10A Auxiliary Power Units (APU) in the facility.

Dormant seed of Quercus alba and Quercus rubra were irradiated with gamma rays from Co/sup 60/ to determine the efiect on cytological and morphological expression in the resulting seedlings. Investigations included varying moisture content and physiological state of the seed prior to treatment, and preliminary evaluation of induced mutation. The following observations were made. The lethal radiation exposure was the same for both species although there were differences in germination within the treatment range of 1 to 10kr. Quercus alba showed an LD/sub 50/ of 6kr with a significant regression for radiation level. The regression of germination on radiation level was not significant for seed of Quercus rubra, but germination was suppressed at the higher levels. These species differences are thought to be due more to physiological than genetic factors. Height growth in the two species was complexed by sprouting in reaction to radiation damage of the apical primordia. Seedling height at the end of one year was not a significant measure of radiation damage. The type of sprouting obtained is discussed in relation to diplotonic selection within the irradiated embryonic primordia. Growth of the root at 10 days following inception was established as a macro-measure of genetic damage. Changes …

From Health Physics Society 8th Annual Meeting, New York, June 1963. The Atomic Energy Commission's research program on atmospheric radioactivity and fallout is reviewed. The main purpose of the research program is to provide an increasingly complete and sound scientific basis for the prediction of radiation doses to man that may result from the introduction of radioactive material into the atmosphere. Techniques and computation models for making such predictions are discussed. Emphasis is placed on studies of world-wide transport and distribution phenomena associated with fallout from weapons tests and low- altitude local problems arising from industrial and laboratory operations. The program is conducted through research contracts with universities, industrial organizations, and interagency agreements with other government agencies and AEC facilities. A list is appended of current participants in the program. (C.H.)

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The reactivity characteristics of the operating Yankee Core I are analyzed. Calculations of kinetic parameters, kinetic coefficients, control rod and boron worth, core lifetime and burnup rate, and fission product poisoning, are described. A large amount of experimental data obtained during Core I operation is included and comparisons are made between prediction and experiments. (auth)

Developments and research programs are abstracted in three separate sections: physical sciences and engineering, life sciences, and supporting activities. Information is also presented on the organization, finances, publications, service, research facilities, and administration. Separate abstracts were prepared for the three sections. (N.W.R.)

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Hanford Atomic Production Operation specification guides and standards for architectural and civil engineering are presented. Information includes construction of roads, railroads, roofs, signs, buildings, building equipment, sewers, fences, safety systems, and drainage systems. Details of this manual are given in TID-4100 (Suppl.). (N.W.R.)

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From American Nuclear Society Meeting, New York, Nov. 1963. The need for control of the flow distribution and/or steam quality in boiling reactors is discussed. A quality control device is being developed which consists of an entrance venturi and an exit venturi for measuring the flow rates into and out of the channel, means for comparing the two flow rate signals, and a value for regulating the flow rate. This device can be used either as a constantquality device or as a controlled-quality device. Results are given of air-water studies of two-phase flow in a vertical venturi. (D.L.C.)

Excitation functions are presented for many heavy-ioninduced (HI) reactions that produce Dy/sup 149/, Dy/sup 150/, and Dy/sup 151/. Projectiles were C/sup 12/, N/sup 14/, N/sup 16/, O/sup 16, O/sup 18/, F/sup 1 9/, and Ne/sup 20/ of 4 to 10.4 Mev per amu. The reactions studied are all of the type (HI,xn), where x ranges from 3 to 9. A large fraction of the total reaction cross section is accounted for by these (HI,xn) reactions --9/10 at approximately 45 Mev to 1/2 at approximately 105 Mev. An analysis to obtain the energy of the first neutron is presented. Comparison of the results of this analysis to angular-distribution studies suggests that each neutron removes 2 to 4 h units of angular momentum. The relation between the average total photon energy and the average angular momentum removed by photons is obtained. Comparison with the average photon energy from other work leads to an average of 1.8 plus or minus 0.6 h for the angular momentum removed by each photon. The excitation energy E/sub j/ of the lowest-lying state of spin J was estimated. (auth)

Laminar free-convection flow produced by a heated, vertical, circular cylinder for which the temperature at the outer surface of the cylinder is assumed to be uniform is analyzed. The solution of the boundary-layer equations was obtained by the perturbation method of Sparrow and Gregg, which is valid only for small values of the axial distance parameter xi ; and the integral method of Hama et al., for large values of the parameter xi . Heat-transfer results were calculated for Prandtl numbers (Pr) of 100, the Nusselt numbers (Nu) for the cylinder were higher than those for the flat plate, and this difference increased as Pr decreased. It was also found that the perturbation method of solution of the free-convection boundary-layer equations becomes useless for small values of Pr because of the slow convergence of the series. The results obtained by the integral method were in good agreement with those calculated by the perturbation method for Pr approximately 1 and 0.1 < xi < 1 only; they deviated considerably for smaller values of xi . (auth)

The maximum likelihood method is applied to HoughPowell Mark I flying spot digitizer bubble density measurements on bubble chamber tracks. The probabilities that a bubble will be recorded or missed are derived. Application of the maximum likelihood solutions obtained to Mark I data and to direct projection table measurements of the same track gave essentially the same results. (D.C.W.)

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Methods for determination of calcium turnover in man with radioisotopes are presented and the clinical use of various techniques is evaluated. In the discussion of kinetic analyses, some important observations were made. The accretion rate calculation can be made independent of the number of compartments in the exchangeable calcium pool, and thus is not distorted by approximate estimations of this pool. However, if the exchangeable calcium pool is calculated with the isotope dilution technique, and the accretion rate obtained from this value by the total turnover equation, then an error is introduced into the value of the accretion rate. It was also pointed out that the multicompartment treatment is more appropriate than the customary single compartment analysis and utilizes all available information. Since the pool size has been of little clinical use so far, it was suggested that multicompantment analyses be used in the future. At present, no accepted model exists which can account for all data obtained in tracer studies and in particular for the last part of the serum disappearance curve. Preliminary results of long term studies of the retention in bones of strontium-85 was presented. These show that there is measurable turnover of tracer deposited in bone …

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Data from many laboratories are summarized that indicate that for mice the RBE of large single doses of gamma rays or neutrons is about the same for shortening of the life span as it is for acute lethality. However, for chronic irradiation the RBE is quite high for shortening of the life span, due to the fact that very small doses of neutrons are proportionately just as effective as large doses, while for gamma rays, small doses are proportionately only about 1/ 4 as effective as large doses. The reason for this difference was investigated by scoring the chromosome abberations in regenerating liver cells in mice subjected to both chronic and acute neutron and gamma irradiations. The results show that for gamma rays, very small doses are proportionately only about 25% as effective in producing chromosome aberrations as are large doses. However, for neutrons, large and small doses are proportionately equally effective. This result adequately explains the differences in RBE for life shortening and at the same time gives strong support for the somatic mutation theory of aging. Results indicate that for relatively large doses, equal rad doses of neutrons produce about twice the chromosome damage as do gamma rays. …

The developement and fabrication of ceramic-to-metal seals for thermionic converters which will operate in the temperature range of 700 to 1200 deg C are reported. Two ceramic-to-metal seal combinations were developed which show promise for specialized applications. For operation in an oxidizing atmosphere near 700 deg C, magnesia and nickel appear to be a good combination. Seals operating near 1200 deg C, if an oxidizing atmosphere is not present, may be composed of niobium and alumina with palladium serving as the brazing filler. The tungsten metallizing of alumina which contains yttria is a process which appears to have considerable merit. A reaction between the tungsten and yttria is thought to result in an improved ceramic-metal bond. (N.W.R.)

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The production of pollen under conditions of chronic gamma irradiation was investigated for three oak species. Two chronically irradiated areas were studied: a low level (1 to 15r/day) area where trees had received varying amounts of radiation over a period of 11 years, and a second area receiving gamma radiation for about five months previous to the investigation. In the latter study dose levels ranged from lethal (45r/day) to a region of no detectable effect. In both areas pollen abortion showed a significant increase with increasing radiation exposure, although germinable pollen was produced at all survival levels examined. The germinating pollen tube length did not show a significant decrease in the irradiated material examined. In addition to cytological effects there was a marked deiny in floral phenology for both areas. Acute irradiation of male flower buds at different stages of meiosis, and of mature pollen were reported. The radiosensitivity of microsporogenesis was evaluated by cytological scoring at anaphase I, and by pollen abortion, germination, and tube lengih. Both the number of chromosome fragments/100 cells scored at anaphase I and pollen abortion showed a linear increase with an increase in radiation exposure. Pollen germination and tube length were less effected by …

Colloidal aggregates (10 to 20 m mu ) of human serum albumin /sup 131/I may be used safely by intravenous injection to perform photoscans of the heart, liver, spleen, stomach, and salivary glands in man. Large particle size suspensions (10 to 50 mu ) of the same material were investigated experimentally in animals for scanning the lungs after intravenous injection and the brain following injection into an internal carotid artery. The advantages of this test material are the relatively low radiation exposure to the target organs and the number of organs that may be examined. Radiation exposure is low because of the rapid turnover in the target organs and removal from the body, mainly by urinary excretion, within 72 hr. The mechanism of liverspleen localization with this organic colloid is the same as for inorganic colloidal /sup 198/Au, namely, rapid removal from the blood by the phagocytic cells of the liver and spleen. However, in contrast to the inorganic colloid, which remains in the phagocytic cells permanently, albumin is digested by proteolytic enzymes and the /sup 131/I label is set free to re-enter the general circulation. With the thyroid blocked, the / sup 131/ is excreted mainly in the urine …

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