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This is the second of a series of documents issued quarterly. The documents present, for critical examination by management and for the information of related groups, that portion of the future 100 Area technical program which relates directly and more or less immediately to the Technical-Manufacturing efforts to increase both power levels and production. An attempt is made to describe and justify the key production tests planned for the following six month period. Only those tests necessary for the relief of technical and process limitations and vital to the slug improvement program are included. Best estimates of changes in current Process Specifications during the ensuing six months are also given. To further longer range planning, power level forecasts based on foreseeable changes of technical limits and scheduled physical changes of the water plants and reactors are extended several years into the future.

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The report summarizes Hanford`s operation in 1953. The 38% increase in separated plutonium over the 1952 level was one measure of achievement. 1953`s output was more than seven times that of 1947, the first full year of General Electric`s operation of Hanford. Although much of this gain resulted from new reactors, some was due to improved safety devices, and much was due to increased knowledge of the controlling factors which permitted more efficient operation of old piles and better design of new ones. Year-by-year reductions in the cost of converting uranium to plutonium tell the real story of progress at Hanford. The annual production gains could have been made by building many 1944 model piles, though at fantastic cost. Contrasted with this is the actual case--a few new, improved piles plus more production from the old ones.

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A method is developed for the calculation of the effect of Doppler broadening of the absorption of the neutrons by a resonance absorber. Numerical values are given for the correction factors required in the interpretation of transmission experiments and self-indication experiments and for the self-shielding factors for slabs, spheres, cylinders, and homogeneous mixtures. (auth)

A descriptive journey of the Absorption Spectra of Suspensions of LivingMicro-Organisms

At HAPO the protection of employees from nuclear radiations has paralleled or preceded the emphasis on atomic products production. The production of atomic products on the scale for which HAPO was designed presented voluminous problems in employee education, radiation detection, shielding, and indeed, fundamental research to determine working limits for the various types of radiation exposure which would necessarily be encountered, and to determine working limits for the deposition of radioactive isotopes and mixtures of isotopes in the human body. Since the time radioactive materials first arrived at HAPO and the start-up of the first HAPO reactor on February 23, 1944, there has been a fundamental philosophy that all employee exposure to nuclear radiations should be maintained at a minimum, as opposed to just some level of exposure below the accepted permissible limit. It was with this philosophy in mind that the many achievements and advances in the science of radiation protection at HAPO have been forthcoming. These advances in radiation protection ar discussed in this report.

The purpose of this document is to provide a means for estimating the age of ruthenium ground contamination when the ration of Ru 103 activity to Ru 106 activity in the contamination is known.

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Nuclear safety rules for transporting plutonium compounds between the 231 and 234-5 Buildings were established in Documents HW-30328 and HW-31465. Provisions for the co-transporting of loaded sample cans, filter boats and/or product samples were not included in the above documents. In the interest of economy and efficiency the rules have been reviewed and revised according to the provisions set forth in this document. The paper describes the present transportation limits and the revised limits for transporting plutonium nitrate, plutonium oxalate, and other plutonium samples. The limits are in keeping with the policy of preventing the accidental accumulation of unsafe masses of Pu.

This report addresses the basic research and particle accelerators.

While the concept of a biological system as a balanced network of chemical transformations is not a new one, experimental definition of specific systems has been lacking. This paper defines theoretically and experimentally a number of such networks and their behavior and response to some limited environmental changes.

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