Static overpressure and dynamic pressure versus time over surfaces processing different physical properties were measured on two tower shots, 6 and 12. On Shot 12, three surfaces were provided: the natural desert, a water surface consisting of a flooded area, and an asphalt surface. On Shot 6, desert and asphalt areas only were available. There were 123 channels of instrumentation installed for Shot 12, and 24 for Shot 6. From the data, a system of wave-form classification was devised for overpressure and dynamic-pressure- versus-time measurements. Incorporation of this system into data analysios indicates that it is possible for an ideal peak pressure to be identified with a nonideal wave form. Introducing both variables, wave form and peak pressure, into analyses reduces ambiguioties associoated with comparing results of different nuclear tests. The data show the effect of the nature of the surface upon airblast phenomena from a nuclear explosion. The effects of surface conditions upon shock phenomena are made more understandable by a review of temperature computatioons, using shock wave parameters in addition to an analysis based upon the arrioval time of the thermal pulse. A phenomenological discussion of precursor formation is presented, and comparisons are made using data from all …

In 1957 a radiometric examination of rock outcrops in the Ayabaca and Huancabamba areas of northwestern Peru was made in conjunction with a geologic search for structures favorable for the occurrence of uranium minerals. No anomalous radioactivity was detected, and the geologic setting is believed to be generally unfavorable for uranium mineralization. (auth)

This report describes the operation of the fuels preparation department for the month of August, 1957. Manufacturing, employee relations, process development, plant improvements, and financial operations are described.

This report is written to provide information concerning the status of the Hot Semiworks facility as it is placed in stand-by on July 1, 1957. The plant was constructed in 1951 and early 1952. It vas operated on Redox type investigations until the last of 1953. The plant was then converted to the Purex flowsheet under Project CA 513 D. Operations on the Purex type investigations were started in early 1955 and continued until early in 1956. At that time a maintenance program for plant improvement and repair was initiated. This program was completed on July 1, 1957. Statements are contained in this report which pertain to the present status of physical equipment and facilities and the adequacy, operating experience, recommendations for improvement, previous work, and future considerations of the plant. However, the primary intent of the report is to provide pertinent information to personnel associated with a future start-up. For this reason, certain parts of the report are quite detailed. Only statements concerning the existing or previous state of the facility and equipment are factual. Others are opinions or experiences of plant operating personnel. Emphasis has also been placed on the faults encountered rather than the good features of …

A review is given of the various transverse thermomagnetic and galvanomagnetic effects. The coefficicnts and relations between coefficients are listed for both metals and semiconductors. A quantitative annlysis is given of the error in Hall effcct measurements owing to non-isothermal conditions. (auth)

This report describes an IBM 704 Computer program for the calculation of transient temperature distribution in axially symmetric solid or hollow bodies. It is the first part of Transient Thermal Stresses in Pressure Vessels. The present report mainly describes the use of the computer program and gives, for two problems, a comparison between computed and analytically known results. The analysis is reported briefly in this report.

This document details activities of the Irradiation Processing Department during the month of August, 1957. A general summary is included at the start of the report, after which the report is divided into the following sections: Research and engineering; operations; production and reactor operations; facilities engineering operation; employee relations operation; and financial operation.

This report addresses the constant-pressure leak rate gage.

A brief compilation is made of Russian papers on boiling heat transfer and two-phase flow. (A.C.)

Work on the present relativistic electron bunching accelerator (S-band rebatron) is concerned with improving the electron bunching, current and beam focusing, and the design of a portable prototype system. Most of the parts for this new machine were fabricated and tested and the construction initiated. A photograph showing the present stage of construction is given. Since an S-band rebatron cannot be scaled directly to X-band, a lower voltage Xband rebatron, followed by a short section of a linear accelerator could solve the problera. An Electronics Associates analog computer was received and is being programmed to explore the design problems. The numerical work of evaluating the TM and TE modes of teflon dielectric cavities is largely completed. New ideas and further modifications are being tried in Si crystal harmonic multipliers for use as sources for testing components. The new klystrons now being used permit driving the crystals harder, and hence improve the harmonic power. (For preceding period see AECU-3535.) (M.H.R.)

A review is given of the various transverse thermomagnetic and galvanomagnetic effects. The coefficicnts and relations between coefficients are listed for both metals and semiconductors. A quantitative annlysis is given of the error in Hall effcct measurements owing to non-isothermal conditions. (auth)

Measurements were made of the velocity and distance of translation of anthropomorphic dummies and equivalent spheres caused by blast winds. The primary technique for recording the movement of these ohjects was phototriangulation. The secondary technique (applicable to certain of the equivalent spheres) was to have the spheres impelled into missile traps. The resultant penetration provides a means for determining the velocity at the time of impact. Analysis of the results from both the primary and secondary techniques is expected to provide some of the irformation identified in the objective. (auth)

In the conceutration and purification of Pu by cation exchange, the feed solution must be in the plus three valence state, but the nitrate solution from a solvent extraction process contains a high% of Pu/sup 4+/ and a small amount of Pu/sup 6+/. It was desired to find a reducing agent satisfactory for the reduction of Pu/sup 4+/ and Pu/sup 6+/ in Purex product streams and to make these streams suitable as cation exchange feed. The bisulfates met the requirements for speed and completeness of reduction in the feed material. (J.E.D.)

BS>This report compiles from various sources safety considerations for work with the special metals plutonium, uranium, thorium, the alkali group, magnesium, titanium, calcium, and zirconium. General criteria to be observed in handling all of these metals and their alloys are listed, as well as characteristics of individual metals with regard to health hazards, pyrophoricity, explosiveness, and other chemical reactions, in both handling and storage. (auth)

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Tests of the HRT fuel and blanket recombiners at several gas concentrations and steam rates disclosed satisfactory efficiency at approximately design conditions. At lower gas concentrations and steam fiow rates a small recombiner downstream from the condenser is necessary to maintain 100% recombination. It is recommended that the platinized catalyst in the fuel and blanket HRT recombiners not be replaced, and that a small recombiner be installed in the 1-in. off-gas line from each recombiner condenser. (auth)

Irradiation results in the range near 1/2% burnup and 500 to 600 deg C are presented for U-fissium amd U-Mo alloys. Under these conditions both classes of alloys show quite low growth coefficients and volume increases, with a few exceptions. Water queaching either alloy from 850 deg C is shown to be unsatisfactory. The effect of an axial hole for relief of fission gases appears to be inconclusive. Surface condition of irradiated U-base alloys appears to be not quite as good as that for U-20 wt.% Pu base alloys. (auth)

Average value of the specific change in length per deuteron per cm/sup 2/ for 8.5-Mev deuterons is 3.8 x l0/sup 21/. This expansion was observed to be a linear function of iniegrated flux. Using a value of l.5 v/sub a/, where v/sub a/ is the atomic volume, for the volume increase due to a Frenkel pair in copper, the calculated concentration of defects is 1/6 that predicted by the simple theory of Seitz and Koehler, nnd DELTA a/ DELTA a/sub max/ equals DL/L to ll% during irradiation on the assumption that the energy dependence of deuteron dnmage in copper varies inversely with the deuteron energy. Where comparison is possible, recovery of DELTA L/ DELTA L/sub max/ follows that of DELTA a/ DELTA a/sub max/ to bettcr than l0%. For DELTA L/ DELTA L/sub max/ 64% of the damage anneals in Stage l (< 70 deg K), 6% anneals in Stage II (70 to l80 deg K) 26% anneals in Stage III (l80 to 300 deg K), and 4% remains at 300 deg K. (auth)

Progress is reported in studies directed toward an understanding of the mechanism of control of red blood cell formation. A relatively rapid and sensitive method of assay for erythropoietin was developed, using the rate of incorporation of iron-59 into the red cells of normal, hypophysectomized, or starved rats as a measure of the rate of erythropoiesis. Factors that control erythropoiesis through control of production of erythropoietin were studied. The effect of erythropoietin in initiating marrow activity was demonstrated in mice having a completely suppressed marrow as far as red cell formation is concerned. Data are reported from studies on the effect of cobalt in polycythemia, the site of erythropoietin production, the clinical significance of erythropoietin, the production of erythropoietin by fetuses in utero, the effect of erythropoietin on iron absorption, and the properties of erythropoietin isolated from plasma. A list of publications during the period is included. (C.H.)

Progress is reported in studies on the metabolism, radiation dose, radiation effects, and toxic effects of prolonged expesure of dogs following injection of various doses 8/, Th/sup 228, and Sr/sup 90/ An imporved live dog gamma counter is described. (For preceding period see AECU 3522.) (C.H.)

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Six types of instruments are being considered for the metering of flow and/or density in high temperature (300 deg C) and pressure (2000 psi) slurry flow systems. Three of these meters yield readings that depend only on the flow rate or the density, one (the Double Rotameter) yields two readings from which both the flow and the density may be determined while another (the venturi) yields a reading that depends on both the flow rate and the density and thus may be either a density-meter or a flowmeter depending on which variable is the unknown. The remaining instrument (the ultrasonic meter) may yield a signal dependent solely on the flowrate or the density depending on the physical setup. This memo briefly describes these instruments, listing their particular advantages, the difficulties that may arise in their use and the state of development of each. (auth)

Property changes in polycrystalline graphite resulting from reactor irradiations at temperatures up to 185 deg C and over a range of exposures up to 1135 Mwd/ CT have been determined. Changes in stored energy, thermal conductivity, sample length, and C/sub O/ interlayer crystallite spacing are markedly decreased as exposure temperature is increased. Electrical resistivity changes are also less at higher exposure temperatures, but this property change does not depend as strongly on temperature as the others. Isothermal annealing studies of C/sub O/ changes were conducted on a number of irradiated samples. The data were analyzed assuming a large number of processes distributed in activation energy. The results are summarized in activation energy spectra in which the distribution of C/sub O/ damage is given as a function of the activation energy required for annealing. It is found that not only does a higher exposure temperature decrease the total amount of property change, but also the distributlon of damage accumulated is considerably different. Results are discussed in terms of the radiation damage model suggested by Hennig and Hove. This model is compatible with the experimental results presented. (auth)