The major portion of this program is devoted to critical ICH phenomena. The topics include edge physics, fast wave propagation, ICH induced high frequency instabilities, and a preliminary antenna design for Ignitor. This research was strongly coordinated with the world's experimental and design teams at JET, Culham, ORNL, and Ignitor. The results have been widely publicized at both general scientific meetings and topical workshops including the speciality workshop on ICRF design and physics sponsored by Lodestar in April 1992. The combination of theory, empirical modeling, and engineering design in this program makes this research particularly important for the design of future devices and for the understanding and performance projections of present tokamak devices. Additionally, the development of a diagnostic of runaway electrons on TEXT has proven particularly useful for the fundamental understanding of energetic electron confinement. This work has led to a better quantitative basis for quasilinear theory and the role of magnetic vs. electrostatic field fluctuations on electron transport. An APS invited talk was given on this subject and collaboration with PPPL personnel was also initiated. Ongoing research on these topics will continue for the remainder fo the contract period and the strong collaborations are expected to continue, enhancing …

This report contains analytical data for samples taken during First Quarter 1999 from wells of the LFW series located at the Sanitary Landfill at the Savannah River Site (SRS). This report presents monitoring results that equaled or exceeded the Safe Drinking Water Act final Primary Drinking Water Standards or screening levels, established by the U.S. Environmental Proteciton Agency, the South Carolina final Primary Drinking Water Standard for lead, or the SRS flagging criteria.

We recently performed the WPH-6112A thermal expansion test of the lower portion of the PRESS program tubulation. The objective of the test was to determine whether the tubulation welds could withstand typical stresses from a 1200 C thermal cycle. Test components failed in two areas: (1) the friction welded Monel to Vanadium tube fitting at the dissimilar metal interface and fell against the outer vanadium tube wall causing it to fail and (2) the thin-walled, outer stainless steel tubing failed by cracking at the weld. Both failures were due to irregular occurences for this system. We feel that the strength of all weldments is adequate to withstand the normal thermal stresses from a 1200 C cycle without failing prematurely.

This report summarizes and documents the results of the radiological surveys conducted from February 11 through February 17 and March 30, 1993 over the 618-10 Burial Ground, Hanford Site, Richland, Washington. In addition, this report explains the survey methodology using the Ultrasonic Ranging and Data System (USRADS). The 618-10 Burial Ground radiological survey field task consisted of two activities: characterization of the specific background conditions and the radiological survey of the area. The radiological survey of the 618-10 Burial Ground, along with the background study, were conducted by Site Investigative Surveys Environmental Restoration Health Physics Organization of the Westinghouse Hanford Company. The survey methodology was based on utilization of the Ultrasonic Ranging and Data System (USRADS) for automated recording of the gross gamma radiation levels at or near six (6) inches and at three (3) feet from the surface soil.

The first structural determination with spin-polarized, energy-dependent photoelectron diffraction using circularly-polarized x-rays is reported for Fe films on Cu(001). Circularly-polarized x-rays produce spin-polarized photoelectrons from the Fe 2p doublet, and intensity asymmetries in the 2p{sup 3/2} level are observed. . Fully spin-specific multiple scattering calculations reproduce the experimentally determined energy and angular dependences. A new analytical procedure which focuses upon intensity variations due to spin-dependent diffraction is introduced.

The objectives of this project are to develop a new catalyst, the kinetics for this catalyst, reactor models for trickle bed, slurry and fixed bed, and simulate the performance of fixed bed trickle flow reactors, slurry flow reactors, and fixed bed gas phase reactors for conversion of a hydrogen lean synthesis gas to isobutylene.

This paper reports on the measurement of the polarization in the decay B{sup o} {yields} J/{psi}K{sup *o} using data collected at the collider Detector at Fermilab in {bar p}p collisions at {radical}s = 1.8 TeV. B{sup O} mesons were reconstructed through the decay chain B{sup o} {yields} J/{psi}K{sup *o}, J/{psi} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup {minus}}, K{sup *o} {yields} K{sup +}{pi}{sup {minus}}. A sample of 50 {plus_minus} 11 events was used in the measurement, yielding the result {Gamma}{sub L}/{Gamma} = 0.66 {plus_minus} 0.10 (stat) {sub {minus}}0.10 {sup +0.08} (sys).

The need for normal incidence mirrors maintaining reflectivity greater than 60% for an industrially competitive Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUV) system has been well documented. The Molybdenum/Silicon system has emerged as the de-facto standard, where researchers are now routinely fabricating mirrors demonstrating 63% reflectivity near 130 Angstroms. However, multilayer mirrors using beryllium as the low atomic number (low-Z) spacer could potentially show similar or better reflectivity, and operate at wavelengths down to the beryllium K-edge at 111 Angstroms. Besides offering potentially greater reflectivity, the shorter wavelength light offers increased dissolution depth in photoresists, and offers potentially better resolution and depth of focus. We will report our latest results from beryllium based multilayers. The mirrors were fabricated at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and tested at the Center for X-Ray Optics at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (CXRO/LBL).

The Petroleum Marketing Monthly (PMM) provides information and statistical data on a variety of crude oils and refined petroleum products. The publication presents statistics on crude oil costs and refined petroleum products sales for use by industry, government, private sector analysts, educational institutions, and consumers. Data on crude oil include the domestic first purchase price, the f.o.b. and landed cost of imported crude oil, petroleum product sales data include motor gasoline, distillates, residuals, aviation fuels, kerosene, and propane. The Petroleum Marketing Division, Office of Oil and Gas, Energy Information Administration ensures the accuracy, quality, and confidentiality of the published data in the Petroleum Marketing Monthly.

This research project involves the study of coal macerals and sorbent microparticles used to remove S0{sub 2} and/or H{sub 2}S from process streams. To measure reaction rates a charged single microparticle will be held electrodynamically in one or more laser beams by superposed ac and dc electrical fields. The use of the electrodynamic balance for microparticle studies was pioneered by one of the principal investigators. One of the laser beams is used for light-scattering measurements to determine the particle size and to provide the excitation source for obtaining Raman spectra to chemically characterize the particle. The other beam, an infrared beam, is used to heat the particle electromagnetically. The first year of the research was devoted to preliminary experimental work and design studies. Although components and techniques must still be developed, experimental measurements on single macerals are now being done.

This integrated test plan describes the demonstration of the in situ permeable flow sensor, developed by Sandia National Laboratory, to measure air flow in unsaturated sediments. The ability of this technology to measure groundwater flow velocity in saturated sediments has already been successfully demonstrated. This preliminary test of this device in the unsaturated zone will be considered successful if in fact the flowmeters are able to detect a gas flow velocity. The field demonstration described in this integrated test plan is being conducted as part of the Volatile Organic Compounds-Arid Integrated Demonstration (VOC-Arid ID). The VOC-Arid ID is one of several US Department of Energy (DOE) integrated demonstrations designed to support the testing of emerging environmental management and restoration technologies. The purpose of the VOC-Arid ID is to identify, develop, and demonstrate technologies that may be used to characterize, remediate, and/or monitor arid or semiarid sites containing VOCs (e.g., carbon tetrachloride) with or without associated metal and radionuclide contamination. Initially, the VOC-Arid ID activities are focusing primarily on the carbon tetrachloride and associated contamination found in the 200 West Area of the Hanford Site. Testing of the in situ permeable flow sensor will be conducted at the location of the …

A cost-effective, 320-MJ power-conditioning system has been completed for the proposed National Ignition Facility (NIF). The design features include metallized dielectric capacitors, a simple topology, and large (1.6-MJ) module size. Experimental results address the technical risks associated with the design.

In FY92, the ALT-II program is concentrating on three main physics areas: pumped limiter experiments, which include He exhaust and high density high power operation; limiter bias experiments focused on modifying edge transport and particle removal; and and edge transport and flow studies, which examine the equilibrium edge flows and transport physics during Ohmic, L-mode, Supershot, and H-mode confinement regimes. In support of these physics objectives, a CCD diagnostic system has been delivered to TEXTOR and is being used to supplement the previous ALT-II diagnostic system. A second fast-scanning Langmuir probe was constructed at UCLA and has been delivered to TEXTOR for use in studies of edge plasma flows, turbulent transport, and poloidal asymmetries. A brief synopsis of each topic is given below. Work will continue on these physics topics during the balance of FY92.

This report summarizes and documents the results of the radiological surveys conducted from February 4 through February 10, 1993 over the 618-11 Burial Ground, Hanford Site, Richland, Washington. In addition, this report explains the survey methodology using the Ultrasonic Ranging and Data System (USRADS). The 618-11 Burial Ground radiological survey field task consisted of two activities: characterization of the specific background conditions and the radiological survey of the area. The radiological survey of the 618-11 Burial Ground, along with the background study, were conducted by Site Investigative Surveys Environmental Restoration Health Physics Organization of the Westinghouse Hanford Company. The survey methodology was based on utilization of the Ultrasonic Ranging and Data System (USRADS) for automated recording of the gross gamma radiation levels at or near six (6) inches and at three (3) feet from the surface soil.

The March seminar, ``Military and Diplomatic Roles and Options`` for managing and responding to proliferation, featured three presentations: the military and diplomatic implications of preemptive force as a counterproliferation option; an in-depth assessment of the threat posed by biological weapons; and, a new proposed US counterproliferation policy.

Experiments were performed to understand laser-induced back-ablation of Al film targets with picosecond laser pulses. Al films deposited on the back surface of BK-7 substrates are ablated by picosecond laser pulses propagating into the Al film through the substrate. The ablated Al plume is transversely probed by a time-delayed, two-color sub-picoseond (500 fs) pulse, and this probe is then used to produce self-referencing interferograms and shadowgraphs of the Al plume in flight. Optical emission from the Al target due to LIBA is directed into a time-integrated grating spectrometer, and a time-integrating CCD camera records images of the Al plume emission. Ablated Al plumes are also redeposited on to receiving substrates. A post-experimental study of the Al target and recollected deposit characteristics was also done using optical microscopy, interferometry, and profilometry. In this high laser intensity regime, laser-induced substrate ionization and damage strongly limits transmitted laser fluence through the substrate above a threshold fluence. The threshold fluence for this ionization-based transmission limit in the substrate is dependent on the duration of the incident pulse. The substrate ionization can be used as a dynamic control of both transmitted spatial pulse profile and ablated Al plume shape. The efficiency of laser energy transfer …

A short calculation was done to check the attachment method of the radiation shield to it's LN2 cooling tubes. The case considered was only for the obround chimney section. The proposed attachment method was to use 1/8-inch plug welds spaced every 5-inch along the length of the shield. The calculations were done conservatively for 6-inch spacing between plug welds. The criteria used was that the LN2 shield warmest temperature be less than 2 K above the temperature of the LN2 fluid. Using a very conservative heat transfer model. the calculations predict that the warmest temperature on the radiation shield will be < 1.4 K warmer than the LN2 fluid temperature.

This research project involves the study of coal macerals and sorbent microparticles used to remove S0{sub 2} and/or H{sub 2}S from process streams. To measure reaction rates a charged single microparticle will be held electrodynamically in one or more laser beams by superposed ac and dc electrical fields. The use of the electrodynamic balance for microparticle studies was pioneered by one of the principal investigators. One of the laser beams is used for light-scattering measurements to determine the particle size and to provide the excitation source for obtaining Raman spectra to chemically characterize the particle. The other beam, an infrared beam, is used to heat the particle electromagnetically. The first year of the research was devoted to preliminary experimental work and design studies. Although components and techniques must still be developed, experimental measurements on single macerals are now being done.

This study assumes that commercial-scale production of propylene-based isotactic polymers with metallocene catalyst systems will become a reality. The challenge that must be overcome for commercial success with these propylene polymers is to discover a metallocene system recipe that will give sufficient catalyst activity along with the requisite stereo-selectivity at reasonable cost. Anticipating such a discovery, it is assumed here that the economics are well-represented by a catalyst system that consists in part of a silylene-bridged cyclopentadienyl zirconocene made in a batchwise process having an annual capacity of 15,000 pounds. Activation will be achieved with a cocatalyst such as methylaluminoxane (MAO), coated in conjunction with the catalyst on a support such as silica. The MAO at an estimated $100/lb contributes $1800/lb cost to the finished catalyst with an assumed recipe of 18:1 mass ratio of MAO to zirconocene. Based on a 20% return on investment, the selling price for the supported zirconocene system is estimated to be $2915/lb. The required capital investment to make 735,000 lb/yr of the total supported system is 9 million dollars. These estimates have {plus_minus}50% range of uncertainty. Payback period for this plant in a sold-out condition is three years. The catalyst system cost in ethylene-propylene …

The major portion of this program is devoted to critical ICH phenomena. The topics include edge physics, fast wave propagation, ICH induced high frequency instabilities, and a preliminary antenna design for Ignitor. This research was strongly coordinated with the world`s experimental and design teams at JET, Culham, ORNL, and Ignitor. The results have been widely publicized at both general scientific meetings and topical workshops including the speciality workshop on ICRF design and physics sponsored by Lodestar in April 1992. The combination of theory, empirical modeling, and engineering design in this program makes this research particularly important for the design of future devices and for the understanding and performance projections of present tokamak devices. Additionally, the development of a diagnostic of runaway electrons on TEXT has proven particularly useful for the fundamental understanding of energetic electron confinement. This work has led to a better quantitative basis for quasilinear theory and the role of magnetic vs. electrostatic field fluctuations on electron transport. An APS invited talk was given on this subject and collaboration with PPPL personnel was also initiated. Ongoing research on these topics will continue for the remainder fo the contract period and the strong collaborations are expected to continue, enhancing …

This engineering note contains miscellaneous information about the rectangular liquid helium supply tube for the D-Zero solenoid. The information is fairly superficial, but could be used as a starting point for a future engineer who is going to specify and puchase the tubing. The chimney contains 4 conductors attached to an aluminum liquid helium supply tube. Because good thermal contact is desired, the tube will have flat sides. Aluminum is chosen to match the thermal contraction coefficient of the superconductor's aluminum stabilizer. The type of aluminum is chosen as 6061-T6 because it's allowable stress in ANSI/ASME B31.3 is higher than for other alloys. A different alloy could be chosen for extrusion reasons. The highest pressures this tubing should see will be during a quench. Current calculations predict the peak pressure during a quench to be 520 psi a for one-way relieving and 250 psia for two way relieving. Whatever the final alloy selection, the tubing needs to have a high enough allowable working pressure. There is very little room in the obround section of the chimney. In that portion the shape is rectangular, 12.7 mm (0.50-inch) x 31.8 mm (1.25-inch). A drawing shows the flow path cross section. This also …

The purpose of this calculation is to obtain an estimate of a Westinghouse 17 x 17 mixed oxide (MOX) spent nuclear fuel (SNF) Vantage 5 assembly.

This Engineering Study revision evaluated the alternatives to provide tank waste characterization analytical samples for a time period as recommended by the Tank Waste Remediation Systems Program. The recommendation of storing 40 ml segment samples for a period of approximately 18 months (6 months past the approval date of the Tank Characterization Report) and then composite the core segment material in 125 ml containers for a period of five years. The study considers storage at 222-S facility. It was determined that the critical storage problem was in the hot cell area. The 40 ml sample container has enough material for approximately 3 times the required amount for a complete laboratory re-analysis. The final result is that 222-S can meet the sample archive storage requirements. During the 100% capture rate the capacity is exceeded in the hot cell area, but quick, inexpensive options are available to meet the requirements.

The development and demonstration of inertial fusion is incredibly challenging because it requires simultaneously controlling and precisely measuring parameters at extreme values in energy, space, and time. The challenges range from building megajoule (10{sup 6} J) drivers that perform with percent-level precision to fabricating targets with submicron specifications to measuring target performance at micron scale (10{sup {minus}6} m) with picosecond (10{sup {minus}12} s) time resolution. Over the past 30 years in attempting to meet this challenge, the inertial fusion community around the world has invented new technologies in lasers, particle beams, pulse power drivers, diagnostics, target fabrication, and other areas. These technologies have found applications in diverse fields of industry and science. Moreover, simply assembling the teams with the background, experience, and personal drive to meet the challenging requirements of inertial fusion has led to spin-offs in unexpected directions, for example, in laser isotope separation, extreme ultraviolet lithography for microelectronics, compact and inexpensive radars, advanced laser materials processing, and medical technology. The experience of inertial fusion research and development of spinning off technologies has not been unique to any one laboratory or country but has been similar in main research centers in the US, Europe, and Japan. Strengthening and broadening …