In the second quarter of activities on developing Tailored Ceramic waste forms for SRP waste compositions, emphasis was on the chemistry controlling the incorporation of the waste elements into the crystalline phases of the high-alumina content ceramic and the major factors affecting the consolidation process. Research on the design and synthesis of oxide and phosphate ceramic waste forms has continued with emphasis on fluorite-structure oxides and on rare earth phosphates with the monazite structure. Dissolution studies to date indicate that monazite is very stable.

Progress is reported in four areas: process research and development, engineering research, engineering systems, technical support, and HTGR fuel reprocessing. (DLC)

Three processes for producing gasoline from wood by pyrolysis have been investigated. Technical and economic comparisons among the processes have been made, based on a hypothetical common plant size of 2000 tons per day green wood chip feedstock. In order to consider the entire fuel production process, the energy and cost inputs for producing and delivering the feedstock were included in the analysis. In addition, perspective has been provided by comparisons of the wood-to-gasoline technologies with other similar systems, including coal-to-methanol and various biomass-to-alcohol systems. Based on several assumptions that were required because of the candidate processes' information gaps, comparisons of energy efficiency were made. Several descriptors of energy efficiency were used, but all showed that methanol production from wood, with or without subsequent processing by the Mobil route to gasoline, appears most promising. It must be emphasized, however, that the critical wood-to-methanol system remains conceptual. Another observation was that the ethanol production systems appear inferior to the wood-to-gasoline processes. Each of the processes investigated requires further research and development to answer the questions about their potential contributions confidently. The processes each have so many unknowns that it appears unwise to pursue any one while abandoning the others.

The 30 gallon Specification 6M shipping container with rolled-top food pack cans as inner containers is evaluated under conditions required by 10 CFR 71.42. One kilogram of depleted uranium as UO/sub 2/ was packaged in each of the inner containers. After completion of a free drop test and a simulated thermal test, the maximum observed leakage of UO/sub 2/ for the following week was 3.2 ..mu..g. This leakage is well below the allowable leakage per week for most plutonium isotopic mixtures. Using the examples provided, any plutonium isotopic mixture can be easily compared with the allowable leakage per week. Test conditions and results are reported.

The results of two transients involving the loss of a steam generator in a single-pass, steam generator, pressurized water reactor have been analyzed using a state-of-the-art, thermal-hydraulic computer code. Computed results include the formation of a steam bubble in the core while the pressurizer is solid. Calculations show that continued injection of high pressure water would have stopped the scenario. These are similar to the happenings at Three Mile Island.

Materials selected for study were those which could be expected to have useful Curie temperatures, resistivities, coercive fields, and Devonshire coefficients. Materials studied include PZT (lead-zirconia-titania system), Bi(Na,K)Ti/sub 2/O/sub 6/, rare earth titanoniobates, other tantalates and niobates, and thin films. Graphs are given for spontaneous polarization as a function of composition, temperature dependence of spontaneous polarization and coercive field for modified PSZT dielectrics, temperature dependence of electric resistivity for modified PSZT dielectrics, and x-ray diffraction data. Materials forming and processing techniques are briefly described. (WHK)

The recent development of cooling techniques offers the possibility to obtain intense sources of antiprotons, stacking them as they are produced at a multi-GeV accelerator. The wide array of applications presently considered, ranging from reactions at extremely low energy in the case of p anti p atoms to reactions at hundreds of GeV in the case of head-on collisions between protons and antiprotons accelerated at the same time in a super synchrotron, is reviewed. Special emphasis is put on the present CERN program, which will reach the data-taking stage in 1981. The study of p anti p interactions is meant as an illustration of how new possibilities open new directions in elementary particle physics, whether reaching energies hitherto much beyond accelerator possibilities or developing new lower-energy beams improved tremendously over those presently available. 14 figures, 1 table.

In the ongoing efforts to study energy consumption in buildings through computer simulations, practically no attention has been given to modeling natural convective heat transfer in buildings. The main reason for this neglect is due to the difficulty of solving the problem numerically. This paper makes a contribution towards the solution of this difficulty by presenting a numerical code for modeling natural convection in rectangular enclosures at Rayleigh numbers up to 10/sup 10/. Chapter 2 develops the general equations of motion to be solved. Chapter 3 is devoted to simplification of these equations and description of the numerical scheme. Chapter 4 describes the comparisons of the predictions of the computer program based on the numerical scheme with various published experimental and numerical results of other investigators. Chapter 5 illustrates an application of the computer program to investigate the soundness of an assumption commonly made by all the building energy analysis programs.

Information on the HTGR-GT program is presented concerning systems design methods; systems dynamics methods; alternate design; miscellaneous controls and auxiliary systems; structural mechanics; shielding analysis; licensing; safety; availability; reactor turbine system integration with plant; PCRV liners, penetrations, and closures; PCRV structures; thermal barrier; reactor internals; turbomachinery; turbomachine remote maintenance; control valve; heat exchangers; plant protection system; and plant control system.

The double acting reciprocating bellows liquid helium pump built and tested at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is described. The pump is capable of delivering 50 gs/sup -1/ of liquid helium to supply the two-phase cooling sytem for a large superconducting magnet. The pump is driven by a torque motor at room temperature; the reciprocating motion is transmitted to the pump through a shaft which operates between room temperature and 4/sup 0/K. The design details of this liquid helium pump are presented. The helium pump has operated in a helium bath and in pumped forced flow helium circuits. The results of these experimental tests are presented in this report.

The Model FSV-1 spent fuel shipping cask was designed by General Atomic Company (GA) to service the Fort St. Vrain (FSV) nuclear generating station, a High Temperature Gas Reactor (HTGR) owned and operated by Public Service Company of Colorado (PSC). This report presents an evaluation of the suitability of the FSV-1 cask for the transport of irradiated Light Water Reactor (LWR) fuel assemblies from both Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) and Boiling Water Reactors (BWR). The FSV-1 cask evaluation parameters covered a wide spectrum of LWR fuel assemblies, based on burnup in Megawatt Days/Metric Ton of Heavy Metal (MWD/MTHM) and years of decay since irradiation. The criteria for suitability included allowable radiation dose rates, cask surface and interior temperatures and the Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) of the complete shipping system.

The strain hardening of iron at high strains in plane strain elongation (strip drawing) is shown to fall increasingly below that of drawn iron wires at true strains above 2, going through zero strain hardening at epsilon = 3.0, and becoming strongly negative thereafter, at least up to epsilon = 4.1. High resolution selected area electron diffraction has been used to map the size, shape and crystallographic orientations of a group of about 50 contiguous cells centered around an incipient shear band in an edge section of a strip drawn to epsilon = 1.8. This map shows no textural instability or change in orientation associated with the shear band, although it does show substantial misorientations throughout the group of cells, the axis of these misorientations lying in the same direction as the trace of the shear band. No other large misorientations (i.e. 5/sup 0/ or so) are present. The only instability seen in this shear band is microstructural: the slip distances in the two primary slip directions are quite anisotropic, being much longer along the trace of the shear band. Note that this shear band has appeared during the linear hardening portion of the high-strain hardening curve of the drawn …

Measurements of n/sub 2/ for a large class of oxide and fluoride crystals and glasses have been made using 100-ps, 1.06-..mu..m laser pulses and time-resolved interferometry. Values of n/sub 2/ for various glasses are summarized.

The gun injects axially into a drift tank followed by a magnetic mirror. For the experiments reported here, only the guide coils outside the vacuum vessel and solenoids on the plasma gun electrodes were used; the mirror coil was not energized. A stainless steel flux conserver is placed in the mirror throat to prevent the plasma from contacting the nonconducting vacuum wall in the region of the mirror. An axis encircling array of magnetic loop probes includes four diamagnetic loops and a loop which measures the azimuthally averaged outward pointing radial component of magnetic field. These loop probes are stainless steel jacketed and form a flux conserving boundary (at a radius = 30 cm) for plasma emitted from the gun. A five tip probe that can be positioned anywhere along the axis of the experiment is used to measure internal components of magnetic field.

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This report describes our initial attempts at the molecular characterization of a maize controlling element. We have prepared a cDNA probe and used it to detect changes at a locus where Ds elements are found. Evidence of their presence are indicated by changes in the restriction patterns, but there is as yet no information on the physical nature of the controlling elements nor on the kinds of rearrangements they cause.

Graphs of all neutron cross sections and photon production cross sections on the Recommended Monte Carlo Cross Section (RMCCS) library have been plotted along with local neutron heating numbers. Values for anti ..nu.., the average number of neutrons per fission, are also given.

A project to train a specified number of community college, vocational/technical faculty in the techniques and skills required to install solar energy systems is described. The planning that led to the contract, the development and conduct of the training workshops, and the outcomes are detailed. An overall evaluation of the project and recommendations for the future are included. (MHR)

This paper presents: (1) results of a study of gamma-scan data for eight fuel rods removed at the end of the first phase of the GCFR F-5 (X317) irradiation experiment in EBR-II; (2) a comparison of cesium and iodine migration behavior in F-5 and previous GCFR irradiation experiments (GB-9, GB-10, and F-1); and (3) proposed cesium and iodine transport mechanisms, based primarily on observed fission product behavior in the irradiation experiments. Two modes of cesium transport, metal vapor transport and xenon precursor transport, are shown to be important. The formation of cesium uranate at the fuel-blanket interface and the effect of uranate formation on cesium transport to the fuel rod trap are discussed. It is shown how cesium isotope concentrations in the fuel rod trap differ for sealed and vented rods.

The primary goal of the US Subseabed Disposal Program (SDP) is to assess the technical and environmental feasibility of disposing of high-level nuclear waste in deep-sea sediments. The subseabed biology program is charged with assessing possible ecosystem effects of radionuclides as well as possible health effects to man from radionuclides which may be released in the deep sea and transported to the ocean surface. Current biological investigations are attempting to determine benthic community structure; benthic community metabolism; the biology of deep-sea mobile scavengers; the faunal composition of midwater nekton; rates of microbial processes; and the radiation sensitivity of deep-sea organisms. Existing models of the dispersal of radionuclides in the deep sea have not considered many of the possible biological mechanisms which may influence the movement of radionuclides. Therefore, a multi-compartment foodweb model is being developed which considers both biological and physical influences on radionuclide transport. This model will allow parametric studies to be made of the impact on the ocean environment and on man of potential releases of radionuclides.

This report combines a fire severity analysis technique with a fault tree methodology for assessing the importance to nuclear power plant safety of certain combinations of components and systems. Characteristics unique to fire, such as propagation induced by the failure of barriers, have been incorporated into the methodology. By applying the resulting fire analysis technique to actual conditions found in a representative nuclear power plant, it is found that some safety and nonsafety areas are both highly vulnerable to fire spread and impotant to overall safety, while other areas prove to be of marginal importance. Suggestions are made for further experimental and analytical work to supplement the fire analysis method.

In October 1979 the Office of Management and Budget initiated a review of debt collection within the Federal Government. A DOE Debt Collection Project Team was established, and seven activites were selected for review. These were Albuquerque Operations Office; Bonneville Power Administration; Chicago Operations and Regional Office; Naval Petroleum Reserves, California; Oak Ridge Operations Office; Washington Financial Services Division; and Western Area Power Administration. The team visited each of these activities to collect data on the size, age, and types of receivables managed and procedures for billing, aging, and handling overdue accounts. Various deficiencies were found to exist at several of the DOE entities that are not consistent with good management practices in the performance of their debt collection functions. Also, the Debt Collection Project Team identified a wide variation in the procedures followed by DOE activities in the management of accounts receivable, and a wide variation in the effectiveness of the debt management functions. 1 figure, 17 tables. (RWR)

The effect of sodium compressibility and steel elasticity on the rise in inlet plenum pressure occurring during boiling in a loss-of-flow accident in an LMFBR has been investigated using the require consideration in accident analysis. The pressure rise is less for pool than for loop designs. 3 refs., 1 fig., 9 tabs.

Intermedia pollution is defined here as the creation of new environmental impacts by controlling existing ones. DOE asked four questions: (1) do the major environmental laws address intermedia pollution; (2) does the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have rules, regulations, and procedures through which it considers intermedia questions; (3) do the legislative histories of the laws indicate whether Congress intended for the EPA to consider intermedia issues; and (4) in what ways do the existing laws and regulatory procedures exacerbate intermedia pollution. The answer to the first three questions is yes; much of this report is devoted to amplifying and qualifying that response, the rest to answering the fourth question. The report frames these issues by asking how we can control the adverse environmental i.e., intermedia, impacts of EPA itself. A case study of the intermedia implications of recently issued air-pollution standards for coal-fired power plants illustrates the themes concretely. An analysis of policy alternatives for improving intermedia pollution control concludes the study. The major problems impending good intermedia policy decisions are: conflicts among and failures fully to implement environmental laws; political pressures; tendencies of EPA to minimize the adverse environmental consequences of its own actions; uncertainties caused by the rudimentary …