Table A shows the steady state situation. One ofthe two dewars would be supplying purge gas at (a maximum of) 20 scfm, which would leak: into the room through the welding orifice. Instantaneous uniform diffusion and exhaust are assumed. Note the probability is 1 for the 20 scfm leak since it is a planned occurrence. Table B is the same situation in the event of a power failure, estimated for twice a year (2.29 x 10{sup -4} fails/hour). This assumes that the exhaust is shut down, and the dewars are not turned off. This would require the minimum exhaust to be the same as the leak: (as an approximation). These results, however, would only be valid for an infinite supply of the purge gas, and for an exceedingly long power failure. Since the supply of LAr would only last a day at most, and the power failure would not last for weeks, this result has no real significance. In fact, the time constant for the ODH equation in this case is 5717 minutes, which means it would take 20 days for all the oxygen to be displaced. A worst case scenario would be a full dewar completely emptying into the …

It was decided to use a hydraulic cylinder resting on the floor of the argon spill trough in the EC carriage to drive the EC's motion on the center beam. Space was limited due to the spill bellows and their required support and containment system. The 0.0. of the cylinder had to be limited to 3 to 3-1/2 inches, maximum. The weight of a wet EC and carriage is estimated to be 320 tons. The rolling coefficient of friction of the Tychoway rollers chosen to guide the EC and carriage along the hardened centerbeam ways is claimed to be less than 0.0025. The driver will also need to overcome the forces produced by moving (rotating) the numerous bayonets located at the top of the cryostats in the many piping systems. These forces were conservatively estimated at 1000 lbs. The drive force required to overcome these forces was then calculated to be: 320(2,000) x 0.0025 + 1,000 = 2.600 lbs. (min. required). Due to the uncertainty in the actual roller coefficient of friction and the various unknowns in estimating the resistive forces contained in the piping and cabling systems attached to the cryostat, a conservative design factor of 5 was chosen. …

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A preliminary measurement of the properties of W and Z production along with accompanying jets has been made in {anti p}p collisions at 1.8 TeV using the CDF detector at Fermilab. Distributions of jet multiplicity, and boson E{sub T}, with and without selection on jet multiplicity, were obtained. Agreement was found with perturbative QCD predictions.

The overall objective of the Full-Scale Low-NOx Cell (LNC) Burner Retrofit project is to demonstrate the cost-effective reduction of NOx generated by a large, base-loaded (70% capacity factor or greater), coal-fired utility boiler. Specific objectives include: at least 50% NOx reduction over standard two-nozzle cell burners, without degradation of boiler performance or life; acquire and evaluate emission and boiler performance data before and after the retrofit to determine NOx reduction and impact on overall boiler performance; and demonstrate that the LNC burner retrofits are the most cost-effective alternative to emerging, or commercially- available NOx control technology for units equipped with cell burners. The focus of this demonstration is to determine maximum NOx reduction capabilities without adversely impacting plant performance, operation and maintenance.

For work during the first quarter of 1993, American Oil Recovery, Inc. targeted completion of the following specific objectives: Convene meetings of Mattoon Project subcontractors in order to plan and coordinate Project activities. Confirm organizational arrangements and plans for implementation of Mattoon Project. Complete most work on detailed analysis of reservoir geology of productive leases in the Mattoon Project. Identify first Facies Defined Subunit for initial injectivity testing to be commenced near the beginning of the second quarter. Identify additional Facies Defined Subunits for injectivity testing and characterization during the second and third quarters. Award subcontract to the Illinois State Geological Survey and commence work on preparation of a geostatistical model (STRATAMODEL) of more than 100 wells on 1,000 acres within the Mattoon Project Area. Obtain oil samples from wells in the identified Facies Subunit for reservoir rock, fluid, and CO{sub 2} compatibility testing by the Illinois State Geological Survey. Design CO{sub 2} injection pumps and injection monitoring equipment configuration. Obtain bids for required pumps and diesel motor. Accomplishments for this quarter are reported.

This engineering note is a summary of test information and conclusions from the thermal expansion tests conducted at D-O during the fall of 1992. Each test was conducted separately but using the same basic procedure and equipment. While information on material properties at room temperature and above for these products is quite well doccumented, the companies producing these products had no available data about the thermal properties of these materials at cryogenic temperatures. This lack of readily available information prompted these tests to determine the accuracy of using the elevated temperature data for lower temperatures also. The results of each test were written up separately as stand alone short reports for immediate use in the design stages of the V.L.P.C. cryostat cassette. Both short reports are gathered here for convenient reference.

There has been significant discussion in consideration of a high resolution mass separator followed by a RFQ and a linear accelerator as the basic format for IsoSpin Laboratory. There exists another strong possibility-namely a low-resolution mass separator coupled to a cyclotron. The major objection to this approach has been that the conversion from the +1 mass separator beam to a q/m beam of 1/4 to 1/3 is thought to be highly inefficient. Since we are in the fortunate position of having the two expensive components of this system available for tests (an on-line mass separator and an ECR source), we intend to couple these devices to actually measure these efficiencies and to test ideas for improving the efficiency. We present some specifics of this approach.

This Quarterly Technical Progress Report for the period ending March 31, 1993 summarizes the work done to data by Tampella Power Corporation and Enviropower, Inc. on the integrated combined-cycle power plant project. Efforts were concentrated on the Toms Creek PDS (Preliminary Design and Studies). Tampella Power Corporation`s efforts were concentrated on the Toms Creek Preliminary Process Flow Diagram (PFD) and Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&IDs). Tampella Power Corporation also prepared Heat and Material Balances (H&MBs) for different site-specific cases.

The operating limits for radionuclides in sanitary and industrial wastes were determined for a proposed landfill at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP), Kentucky. These limits, which may be very small but nonzero, are not mandated by law or regulation but are needed for rational operation. The approach was based on analyses of the potential contamination of groundwater at the plant boundary and the potential exposure to radioactivity of an intruder at the landfill after closure. The groundwater analysis includes (1) a source model describing the disposal of waste and the release of radionuclides from waste to the groundwater, (2) site-specific groundwater flow and contaminant transport calculations, and (3) calculations of operating limits from the dose limit and conversion factors. The intruder analysis includes pathways through ingestion of contaminated vegetables and soil, external exposure to contaminated soil, and inhalation of suspended activity from contaminated soil particles. In both analyses, a limit on annual effective dose equivalent of 4 mrem (0.04 mSv) was adopted. The intended application of the results is to refine the radiological monitoring standards employed by the PGDP Health Physics personnel to determine what constitutes radioactive wastes, with concurrence of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.

The heating and current drive (H and CD) system proposed for the TPX tokamak will consist of ion cyclotron, neutral beam, and lower hybrid systems. It will have 17.5 MW of installed H and CD power initially, and can be upgraded to 45 MW. It will be used to explore advanced confinement and fully current-driven plasma regimes with pulse lengths of up to 1,000 s.

This Public Design Report provides, in a single document, available nonproprietary design -information for the ``Innovative Coke Oven Gas Cleaning System for Retrofit Applications`` Demonstration Project at Bethlehem Steel Corporation`s Sparrows Point, Maryland coke oven by-product facilities. This project demonstrates, for the first time in the United States, the feasibility of integrating four commercially available technologies (processes) for cleaning coke oven gas. The four technologies are: Secondary Gas Cooling, Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia Removal, Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia Recovery, and Ammonia Destruction and Sulfur Recovery. In addition to the design aspects, the history of the project and the role of the US Department of,Energy are briefly discussed. Actual plant capital and projected operating costs are also presented. An overview of the integration (retrofit) of the processes into the existing plant is presented and is followed by detailed non-proprietary descriptions of the four technologies and their overall effect on reducing the emissions of ammonia, sulfur, and other pollutants from coke oven gas. Narrative process descriptions, simplified process flow diagrams, input/output stream data, operating conditions, catalyst and chemical requirements, and utility requirements are given for each unit. Plant startup provisions, environmental considerations and control monitoring, and safety considerations are also addressed for …

The authors report on {sup 170}Yb Moessbauer spectroscopy data in the cubic fcc alloy YbPtBi, in the temperature range 0.06--30 K. The zero field spectra show a two component structure above 1.5 K, which can be analyzed as due to 85% of Yb{sup 3+} ions at a site with cubic symmetry and 15% at a site with non-cubic symmetry. Below 0.3 K, the spectra are resolved and can also be interpreted in terms of two sites, but with a dominant non-cubic site ({approximately} 60%) with Yb ions bearing small magnetic moments. The spectra with a large applied magnetic field give information on the Yb{sup 3+} C.E.F. level scheme and on the exchange interaction. The relation of the Moessbauer data with the results of {micro}SR measurements is discussed.

The goal of this program is the construction of an X-ray laser in the multi-kilovolt regime which can serve as a vital enabling technology in the broad and fundamental field of materials science. Experimental findings indicate that an entirely new technique for amplification at X-ray wavelengths is feasible. This method involves the combination of (a) a recently discovered mode of multiphoton coupling to molecules which efficiently yields core excited ions, (b) a new channeled mode of propagation for spatial organization, and (c) an ultrahigh brightness subpicosecond laser technology. The concept of molecular X-ray laser design, which involves matching the conditions of excitation to the molecular structure, enables the inner-shell excitation to be selectively achieved. Basically, the molecular approach enables the copious generation of a highly excited species to occur rapidly in an environment characteristic of dense cold matter, a situation exceptionally conducive to X-ray amplification. High energy efficiency and wavelength tunability also appear as intrinsic features of this method. Experimental data concerning the study of five cases [Xe(N), Xe(M), Xe(L), Kr(M), and Kr(L)], spanning-spectrally from {approximately} 80 eV to {approximately} 5 keV, have (1) established the important role of cluster formation, (2) verified the scaling of this phenomenon into the …

The TMACS Software Project Test Procedures translate the project`s acceptance criteria into test steps. Software releases are certified when the affected Test Procedures are successfully performed and the customers authorize installation of these changes. This Test Procedure tests the TMACS System Administration functions.

The TMACS Software Test Procedures translate the project`s acceptance criteria into test steps. The TMACS Test Plan (WHC-SD-WM-TP-148) is fulfilled when all Test Cases are approved. This Test Procedure tests the TMACS Panalarm Interface functions.

This report presents the results of the 300 Area fuel supply facilities (formerly call ``N reactor fuel fabrication facilities``) Deactivation Project mission analysis. Hanford systems engineering (SE) procedures call for a mission analysis. The mission analysis is an important first step in the SE process.

This report presents the results of the 308 Building (Fuels Development Laboratory) Deactivation Project mission analysis. Hanford systems engineering (SE) procedures call for a mission analysis. The mission analysis is an important first step in the SE process. The functions and requirements to successfully accomplish this mission, the selected alternatives and products will later be defined using the SE process.

This report presents the results of the 309 Building (Plutonium Fuels Utilization Program) Deactivation Project mission analysis. Hanford systems engineering (SE) procedures call for a mission analysis. The mission analysis is an important first step in the SE process. The functions and requirements to successfully accomplish this mission, the selected alternatives and products will later be defined using the SE process.

This report further develops the mission for B Plant originally defined in WHC-EP-0722, ``System Engineering Functions and Requirements for the Hanford Cleanup Mission: First Issue.`` The B Plant mission analysis will be the basis for a functional analysis that breaks down the B Plant mission statement into the necessary activities to accomplish the mission. These activities are the product of the functional analysis and will then be used in subsequent steps of the systems engineering process, such as identifying requirements and allocating those requirements to B Plant functions. The information in this mission analysis and the functional and requirements analysis are a part of the B Plant technical baseline.

The phase-out of chlorofluorocarbons has necessitated the introduction of alternate refrigerants. R22 (CF{sub 2}ClH), R134a (CF{sub 3}CH{sub 2}F), and R507 (50/50 CHF{sub 2}CF{sub 3}/CF{sub 3}CH{sub 3}) are newer fluids which are used in cooling systems. Recently, concern over the possible formation of toxic compounds during electrical arcing through these fluids has prompted us to identify their electrical breakdown products by electron ionization GC/MS. For example, it is known that perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB), which have an threshold limit value of 10 ppb (set by the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists), is produced from the thermal and electrical breakdown of some refrigerants. We have used specially designed test cells, equipped with electrodes, to simulate the electrical breakdown of R22, R134a, and R507 in refrigeration systems.

Earth-impacting comets and asteroids with diameters {approx}0.03 - 10 km pose the greatest threats to the terrestrial biosphere in terms of impact frequency-weighted impact consequences, and thus are of most concern to designers of active planetary defenses. Specific gravitational binding energies of such objects range from 10{sup -7} to 10{sup -2} J/gm, and are small compared with the specific energies of 1x10{sup 3} to 3x10{sup 3} J/gm required to vaporize objects of typical composition or the specific energies required to pulverize them, which are 10{sup -1} to 10 J/gm. All of these are small compared to the specific kinetic energy of these objects in the Earth- centered frame, which is 2x10{sup 5} to 2x10{sup 6} J/gm. The prospect naturally arises of negating all such threats by deflecting, pulverizing or vaporizing the objects. Pulverization-with-dispersal is an attractive option of reasonable defensive robustness. Examples of such equipments - which employ no explosives of any type - are given. Vaporization is the maximally robust defensive option, and may be invoked to negate threat objects not observed until little time is left until Earth-strike, and pulverization-with-dispersal has proven inadequate. Physically larger threats may be vaporized with nuclear explosives. No contemporary technical means of any …

The Electric Power Monthly (EPM) presents monthly electricity statistics for a wide audience including Congress, Federal and State agencies, the electric utility industry, and the general public. The purpose of this publication is to provide energy decisiommakers with accurate and timely information that may be used in forming various perspectives on electric issues that lie ahead. The publication provides monthly statistics at the State, Census division, and US levels for net generation, fossil fuel consumption and stocks, quantity and quality of fossil fuel, cost of fossil fuels, electricity sales, revenue, and average revenue per kilowatthour of electricity sold. Data on net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, quantity and cost of fossil fuels are also displayed for the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) regions. The EIA publishes statistics in the EPM on net generation by energy source; consumption, stocks, quantity, quality, and cost of fossil fuels; and capability of new generating units by company and plant.

SRS has implemented a comprehensive environmental program to maintain compliance with environmental regulations and mitigate impacts to the environment. One element of the environmental program is the investigation of inactive waste units. Environmental Investigation-Derived Waste (IDW). IDW may include purge water , soil cuttings, drilling fluids, well pumping test and development water, decontamination solutions, contaminated equipment, and personal protection equipment (PPE). In cases where investigations confirm the presence of contamination and the IDW contains waste constituents in concentrations high enough to be of environmental or health concern, special management procedures are warranted. This IDW Management Plan describes specific SRS initiatives for IDW management. The goal is the development of a plan for prudent management of IDW from environmental investigations that is protective of human health and the environment.