We have searched for the production of likesign dilepton events (nu/sub ..mu../ + Ne ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/ + e/sup -/ + ...) in a wideband neutrino beam at FNAL using the 15' bubble chamber. We observe no signal above the background arising from conventional sources. We set 90% confidence level upper limits for the production rates of (nu/sub ..mu../ + Ne ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/ + e/sup -/ + ...)/(nu/sub ..mu../ + Ne ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/ + ...) less than or equal to 8 * 10/sup -5/ and (nu/sub ..mu../ + Ne ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/ + e/sup -/ + ...)/(nu/sub ..mu../ + Ne ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/ + e/sup +/ + ...) less than or equal to 6 * 10/sup -2/.

The structural arrangement of a hydrated glass surface depends on the composition, thermal history and surface treatment. This paper considers the surface treatment of a lead glass with weak and strong acid solutions and in particular hydrogen peroxide, to give a microscopically clean microsphere.

This report briefly describes recent geophysical and geotechnical instrumentation developments relevant to the studies of deep geologic repositories. Special emphasis has been placed on techniques that appear to minimize measurement problems associated with repositories constructed in basalt or domed salt. Included in the listing are existing measurement capabilities and deficiencies that have been identified by a few authors and instrumentation workshops that have assessed the capabilities of existing instrumentation with respect to repository applications. These deficiencies have been compared with the reported advantages and limitations of the new developments described. Based on these comparisons, areas that merit further research and development have been identified. The report is based on a thorough literature review and on discussions with several instrumentation specialists involved in instrumentation development.

This research strives to assess the impact of changing land use, nitrate deposition and CO{sub 2} fertilization on soil carbon storage. Our motivation is that this reservoir is the most likely candidate for the so-called missing carbon sink. We are working on several aspects of this problem by measuring carbon content, nitrogen content and radiocarbon ratios in paired soil samples from neighboring sites, to determine the impact of land use on soil carbon inventories and turnover times. We are also gathering information on how the C/N ratios in soils vary with climate and changing land use, in an effort to estimate how much carbon has been sequestered as a result of atmospheric fallout of NH{sub 4}OH and HNO{sub 3}. Finally, we are developing a soil greening model that uses CO{sub 2} growth-enhancement results and bomb radiocarbon-based estimates of soil carbon inventory response times.

The reactions of OH radicals with hydrocarbons have received a great deal of attention in recent years because of these processes are principal steps in the oxidation of organic fuels -- whether occurring in combustion/propulsion systems, in the atmosphere, or elsewhere. Of the various radicals capable of attacking hydrocarbons, OH radicals are generally the most reactive, and their reactions directly yield water molecules, one of the major final oxidation products. In the atmosphere, the combined effect of the OH radical's reactivity and concentration make it the single species that determines the atmospheric lifetime of an organic substance. The principal goals of the kineticist in the field of oxidation chemistry are (1) to measure as many elementary reaction rate coefficients as are conveniently studied in the laboratory; and (2) to develop theoretical and/or semiempirical tools for extrapolating from measured rate coefficients to unmeasured ones. The latter step is necessary because of the sheer number of reactions of possible interest.

The fluorocarbon absorption process for krypton and xenon removal from dissolver off-gas is based on exploitation of solubility differences which exist among noble gases and other gas-phase constituents in the fluorocarbon solvent dichlorofluoromethane (refrigerant-12). Process performance and reliability have been demonstrated on an engineering scale with over 10 years of pilot plant operation, including testing with /sup 85/Kr, /sup 133/Xe, and /sup 131/I. The culmination of this work is a single-column design which results in a simplified process with improved reliability and lower cost. Data are presented summarizing recent single-column development activities. These include data plots depicting decontamination factor vs feed gas flow rate, DF vs process absorption factor (kG/L), and location of the concentration peak via the solvent flow rate. In general, 99% removal is easily obtainable for Kr, Xe, and CO/sub 2/ while attaining concentration factors on the order of 10/sup 3/ to 10/sup 4/. Further concentration of the Kr product is investigated using solid sorbent and cold trapping technologies. Effective removal of entrained fluorocarbon solvent and CO/sub 2/ from the single-column product stream is demonstrated using 13X and 5A molecular sieves, respectively. Additional separation of Xe is studied using a silver mordenite bed and compared to existing …

We present the results of measurements of the angular distribution of fission fragments produced by irradiation of Au{sup 197} and Bi{sup 209} with various heavy ions. The projectiles, B{sup 11}, C{sup 12}, N{sup 14}, and O{sup 16}, had energies from a few MeV above the Coulomb barrier to 10.4 MeV per nucleon. The gross features of these results can be explained by use of a model and parameters that have been used by others to account for angular distributions of fission fragments from helium-ion bombardments. In detail, however, these results appear to indicate that the models used to predict the average value of the angular momentum of the compound nucleus give values too low near the Coulomb barrier. Furthermore, at high bombarding energies it is necessary to consider the fact that appreciable direct interaction is taking place.

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If the 500 MW geothermal project on the Big Island of Hawaii is developed as planned, the Wao Kele O Puna rain forest will be severely damaged or destroyed. If this happens the State will lose one of its most precious resources. It would be tragic for this to happen, since on a least-cost basis, the geothermal project does not make economic sense. Improving energy efficiency in the commercial and residential sectors of Hawaii can save about 500 MW of power at a cost of $700 million.

We derive lens distortion and magnification profiles of four well known clusters observed with Subaru. Each cluster is very well fitted by the general form predicted for Cold Dark Matter (CDM) dominated halos, with good consistency found between the independent distortion and magnification measurements. The inferred level of mass concentration is surprisingly high, 8 < c{sub vir} < 15 (<c{sub vir}> = 10.39 {+-} 0.91), compared to the relatively shallow profiles predicted by the {Lambda}CDM model, c{sub vir} = 5.06 {+-} 1.10 (for <M{sub vir}> = 1.25 x 10{sup 15} M{sub {circle_dot}}/h). This represents a 4{sigma} discrepancy, and includes the relatively modest effects of projection bias and profile evolution derived from N-body simulations, which oppose each other with little residual effect. In the context of CDM based cosmologies, this discrepancy implies some modification of the widely assumed spectrum of initial density perturbations, so clusters collapse earlier (z {ge} 1) than predicted (z < 0.5) when the Universe was correspondingly denser.

A laser-based, table-top instrument is constructed to perform femtosecond soft x-ray transient absorption spectroscopy. Ultrashort soft x-ray pulses produced via high-order harmonic generation of the amplified output of a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser system are used to probe atomic core-level transient absorptions in atoms and molecules. The results provide chemically specific, time-resolved dynamics with sub-50-fs time resolution. In this setup, high-order harmonics generated in a Ne-filled capillary waveguide are refocused by a gold-coated toroidal mirror into the sample gas cell, where the soft x-ray light intersects with an optical pump pulse. The transmitted high-order harmonics are spectrally dispersed with a home-built soft x-ray spectrometer, which consists of a gold-coated toroidal mirror, a uniform-line spaced plane grating, and a soft x-ray CCD camera. The optical layout of the instrument, design of the soft x-ray spectrometer, and spatial and temporal characterization of the high-order harmonics are described. Examples of static and time-resolved photoabsorption spectra collected on this apparatus are presented.

The d+Au data from RHIC, including the pA results from the fixed-target CERN SPS pA data, suggest increased importance of initial-state shadowing and decreasing nuclear absorption with increasing energy. This is not surprising since smaller x is probed at higher energy while absorption due to multiple scattering is predicted to decrease with energy. The CERN SPS data suggest a J/{psi} absorption cross section of about 4 mb without shadowing, and a larger absorption cross section if it is included since the SPS x range is in the antishadowing region. The d+Au RHIC data support smaller absorption, {sigma}{sup J/{psi}}{sub abs} {approx} 0-2 mb. Thus our predictions for J/{psi} and {Upsilon} production in pPb and Pb+Pb interactions at the LHC are shown for initial-state shadowing alone with no absorption or dense matter effects. We note that including absorption would only move the calculated ratios down in proportion to the absorption survival probability since, at LHC energies, any rapidity dependence of absorption is at very large |y|, outside the detector acceptance.

We construct the most general chirally-invariant Lagrangian for mesons in the presence of external sources coupled to the tensor current \bar psi sigma_mu nu psi. In order to have only even terms in the chiral expansion, we consider the new source of O(p2). With this choice, we build the even-parity effective Lagrangian up to the p6-order (NLO). While there are only 4 new terms at the p4-order, at p6-order we find 78 terms for n_f=2 and 113 terms for n_f=3. We provide a detailed discussion on the different mechanisms that ensure that our final set of operators is complete and non-redundant. We also examine the odd-parity sector, to conclude that the first operators appear at the p8-order (NNLO).

New BABAR results on B mesons and quarkonia are presented: an analysis of B{sup +} {yields} X(3872)K{sup +} and B{sup 0} {yields} X(3872)K{sup 0} decays with X(3872) {yields} J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, a precise measurement of the B mass difference {Delta}m{sub B} = m(B{sup 0}) -m(B{sup +}) and a study of hadronic transition between {Upsilon} mesons.

This CRADA was a continuation of earlier work with Micro-Grain, Inc. to develop power, high frequency microwave treatment process to treat insect infested grain. ORNLs role was as a subcontractor to Micro-Grain's Phase II SBIR project funded by the US Department of Agriculture. The primary objective was to develop a commercial scale prototype unit capable of treating infested grain at flow rates approaching 1 kg/sec, which is required to be viable in the grain handling industry. A flow rate of {approx} 0.12 Kg/second was demonstrated at 20 kW microwave power level with 100% kill rate. The system is capable of 200 kW however waveguide arcing due to grain dust in the waveguide limited the power to 20 kW during the tests. Development tasks performed during the project included modification of an existing high-power microwave exposure facility to uniformly process large grain samples at high flow rates and improved instrumentation to detect grain flow and uniformity. Microwave processing tasks include a series of controlled exposure tests using infested grain samples provided and analyzed by the University of Oklahoma. Grain samples were infested with red flour beetles which proved the most difficult to kill in earlier tests. Most of the samples processed …

In this issue Rick Sawicki answers the question--What is your role as chief engineer on this project? His reply is--There are two major roles for the Chief Engineer position: (1) to assure that the engineering that is being performed for the project is safely completed in full compliance with all federal, state and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory policies, standards and procedures and (2) as needed, address special engineering issues as they arise assuring that their resolution is completed in the safest, most effective manner consistent with the project's budget and schedule constraints. Currently the project is nearing completion. Many activities are rapidly coming to a conclusion and many new, complex systems are being activated. I am presently playing a major role in coordinating these activities so that the work can be executed safely and efficiently and the project will complete on schedule. He also answers the following questions: (1) What is the timetable to have this facility up and running for experimentation; (2) Where is the facility; (3) How large is your team of designers, engineers, etc.; (4) What are the means of achieving nuclear fusion; (5) What are the special engineering challenges of this project; (6) How close are …

In this talk, the author summarizes a recent study showing that the large-x parton distributions contain important information on the quark orbital angular momentum of nucleon. This contribution could explain the conflict between the experimental data and the theory predictions for the polarized quark distributions. Future experiments at JLAB shall provide further test for our predictions.

The baseline bulk-vitrification (BV) process (also known as in-container vitrification ICV™) includes a mixer/dryer to convert liquid low-activity waste (LAW) into a dried, blended feed for vitrification. Feed preparation includes blending LAW with glass-forming minerals (GFMs) and cellulose and drying the mixture to a suitable dryness, consistency, and particle size for transport to the ICVTM container. The cellulose is to be added to the BV feed at a rate sufficient to destroy 75% of the nitrogen present as nitrate or nitrite. Concern exists that flammable gases may be produced during drying operations at levels that could pose a risk. The drying process is conducted under vacuum in the temperature range of 60 to 80°C. These flammable gases could be produced either through thermal decomposition of cellulose or waste organics or as a by-product of the reaction of cellulose and/or waste organics with nitrate or the postulated small amount of nitrite present in the waste. To help address the concern about flammable gas production during drying, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) performed studies to identify the gases produced at dryer temperatures and at possible process upset conditions. Studies used a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) up to 525°C and isothermal testing up …

This article describes a MACSYMA program to compute symbolically a canonical linear transformation between coordinate systems. The difficulties in implementation of this canonical small physics problem are also discussed, along with the implications that may be drawn from such difficulties about widespread MACSYMA usage by the community of computational/theoretical physicists.

We report improvement of the polarization diagnostics and their use in the development of the Optically Pumped Polarized Ion Source (OPPIS).

The Physical Data Group of the Computational Physics Division of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has as its principal responsibility the development and maintenance of those data that are related to nuclear reaction processes and are needed for Laboratory programs. Among these are the Magnetic Fusion Energy and the Inertial Confinement Fusion programs. To this end, we have developed and maintain a collection of data files or libraries. These include: files of experimental data of neutron induced reactions; an annotated bibliography of literature related to charged particle induced reactions with light nuclei; and four main libraries of evaluated data. We also maintain files of calculational constants developed from the evaluated libraries for use by Laboratory computer codes. The data used for fusion calculations are usually these calculational constants, but since they are derived by prescribed manipulation of evaluated data this discussion will describe the evaluated libraries.

This is a progress report of the production reactors on the Hanford Reservation for the month of April 1951. This report takes each division (e.g., manufacturing, medical, accounting, occupational safety, security, reactor operations, etc.) of the site and summarizes its accomplishments and employee relations for that month.

This document presents a summary of work and progress at the Hanford Engineer Works for April 1956. The report is divided into sections by department. A plant wide general summary is included at the beginning of the report, after which the departmental summaries begin. The Manufacturing Department reports plant statistics, and summaries for the Metal Preparation, Reactor and Separation sections. The Engineering Department`s section summaries work for the technical, design and project sections. Costs for the various departments are presented in the financial department`s summary. The Medical, Radiological Sciences, Utilities and General Services, Employee and Public Relations, and Community Real Estate and Service departments have sections presenting their monthly statistics, work, progress, and summaries.

The fatigue and fracture properties of U6Nb were measured to provide the materials property data needed for structural designs in material processed by solution quenching and aging 200 C/2h. Limited testing was also performed on as-quenched U6Nb. The authors have extended the database on fatigue properties in U6Nb to include both crack initiation data and crack propagation data. The static load carrying capabilities have been characterized through fracture toughness and tensile property measurements. Using a rotating beam fatigue machine, a fatigue strength of 248 MPa was measured at 10{sup 8} cycles for smooth bars at zero mean load. As is typical of nonferrous alloys, U6Nb does not exhibit a fatigue endurance limit. Reductions in fatigue strength for notched bars and for mean loads of 276 MPa and 483 MPa (70 ksi) were also determined. The predominant sites for fatigue crack initiation were identified as niobium carbide and uranium oxide inclusion clusters and the distribution of these inclusions are presented. Fatigue crack propagation rates were measured in the near-threshold regime using compact tension specimens. The fatigue threshold for crack growth rates below 10{sup {minus}7} mm/cycle were measured at both R = 0.1, for which a fatigue threshold of 3.2 MPa{radical}m was …