Beams of unstable nuclei can be formed by direct injection of the radioactive atoms into an ion source, or by using the momentum of the primary production beam as the basis for the secondary beam. The effectiveness of this latter mechanism in secondary beam formation, i.e., the quality of the emerging beam (emittance, intensity, energy spread), depends critically on the nuclear reaction kinematics, and on the magnitude of the incident beam energy. When this beam energy significantly exceeds the energies typical of the nuclear reaction process, many of the qualities of the incident beam can be passed on to the secondary beam. Factors affecting secondary beam quality are discussed, along with techniques for isolating and purifying a specific secondary product. The ongoing radioactive beam program at the Bevalac is used as an example, with applications, present performance and plans for improvements.

Thermal damage to susceptible material in accessible regions of the reactor building was distributed in non-uniform patterns. No clear explanation for non-uniformity was found in examined evidence, e.g., burned materials were adjacent to materials that appear similar but were not burned. Because these items were in proximity to vertical openings that extend the height of the reactor building, we assume the unburned materials preferentially absorbed water vapor during periods of high, local steam concentration. Simple hydrogen-fire-exposure tests and heat transfer calculations duplicate the degree of damage found on inspected materials from the containment building. These data support estimated 8% pre-fire hydrogen concentration predictions based on various hydrogen production mechanisms.

The Transverse Field Focusing (TFF) system described here is a prototype for a negative-ion based neutral beam line with possible applications in the US magnetic fusion energy program. The prototype system consists of four main modules: (1) H/sup -/ source, (2) 80 keV pre-accelerator, (3) TFF matching/pumping (M/P) section, and (4) 180 keV TFF accelerator. The first three modules have been installed on the beam line, with the fourth to follow soon. The crucial module, invoking the most difficult (and interesting) physics and engineering issues, is the M/P section. It performs: (a) gas removal from the beam by differential pumping, (b) electron removal, (c) beam thickness reduction to match the TFF accelerator parameters, and (d) beam-edge confinement. The four beamline modules are discussed in this survey, with emphasis on design features of the M/P section. 17 refs., 4 figs.

This report contains the results and conclusions from the biological assessment and outlines several alternative plans for solving fish passage problems at the dam. A recommended plan, based on consensus of the fisheries agencies and the tribes, is described, and the rationale for that decision is discussed. Data needs for final designs, a tentative construction schedule, and a discussion of operation and maintenance needs are presented.

We demonstrated a new process for recovering plutonium and americium from pyrochemical waste. The method is based on chloride solution anion exchange at low acidity, or acidity that eliminates corrosive HCl fumes. Developmental experiments of the process flow chart concentrated on molten salt extraction (MSE) residues and gave >95% plutonium and >90% americium recovery. The recovered plutonium contained <500 ppM americium and <2500 ppM magnesium. The process operates by sorbing PuCl/sub 6//sup 2 -/ from high-chloride low-acid solution. Americium and other metals are washed from the ion exchange column with lN HNO/sub 3/-4.8M NaCl. After elution, plutonium is recovered by hydroxide precipitation, and americium is recovered by NaHCO/sub 3/ precipitation. All filtrates from the process can be discardable as low-level contaminated waste. Production-scale experiments are in progress for MSE residues. Flow charts for actinide recovery from electro-refining and direct oxide reduction residues are presented and discussed.

MBE-4, a heavy-ion multiple beam induction linac being built at LBL in FY85/86, will model many features of a much longer device. It will accelerate four space-charge-dominated cesium ion beams from, for example, 0.2 MeV, 5 mA/beam, 3.0 ..mu..sec, 1.6 m length at injection to approx.0.8 MeV, 15 mA/beam, 1.0 ..mu..sec, 1.1 m length at the exit. It will permit study of simultaneous focussing, acceleration, current amplification and emittance growth of multiple space-charge-dominated ion beams. Some features of this accelerator are described. 11 refs., 5 figs.

A new type of anomaly is discussed that afflicts certain non-linear sigma models with fermions. This anomaly is similar to the ordinary gauge and gravitational anomalies since it reflects a topological obstruction to the reparametrization invariance of the quantum effective action. Nonlinear sigma models are constructed based on homogeneous spaces G/H. Anomalies arising when the fermions are chiral are shown to be cancelled sometimes by Chern-Simons terms. Nonlinear sigma models are considered based on general Riemannian manifolds. 9 refs. (LEW)

A history of the Particle Data Group's efforts to find a rational and systematic convention for naming mesons and baryons is given. Several versions of our proposal are reviewed, and name changes which would occur are summarized. Some of the mail we have received is described. We hope to stimulate additional feedback.

A method of attenuating the propagation of waveguide modes in the stochastic cooling array beam pipes to be utilized in the accumulator and debuncher rings of the Fermilab antiproton source is described. The attenuation method treated involves lining the vertical walls of the beam pipes with a ferrimagnetic material. The general solution for propagation in a nonhomogeneously loaded waveguide is presented along with numerical results specific to the antiproton source beam cooling system. Also described is a broadband, automated technique for the simultaneous measurement of complex ..mu.. and epsilon developed to aid in the characterization of different ferrite materials. Permittivity and permeability data for a typical ferrite are presented along with a discussion of the effects of these parameters on waveguide mode attenuation in the ferrite lined beam pipes.

Angular distributions of fission fragments produced in the /sup 232/Th(n,f) reaction have been measured in 40-keV intervals. A simplified reaction model was adopted, and a channel analysis done for 0.72 less than or equal to E/sub n/ (MeV) less than or equal to 4.5. An anomaly at E/sub n/ = 2.98 MeV suggests that K remains a good quantum number some 2 MeV above fission threshold. The percentage contribution to the cross section of K = 3/2 states for incident neutron energies between 1.1 and 1.3 MeV is larger than previously thought. 7 refs.

Initial and boundary conditions during the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) accident are described and detailed. A brief description of the TMI-2 plant configuration is given. Important contributions to the progression of the accident in the reactor coolant system are discussed. Sufficient information is provided to allow calculation of the TMI-2 accident with computer codes.

Optimizing the performance of a single-pass free electron laser (FEL) in a storage ring requires a stored beam having both a relatively high volume density and a low momentum spread. These requirements place severe constraints on storage ring design due to the impact of both coherent and incoherent multiparticle phenomena. In this paper we present approximate scaling laws that elucidate the relative importance of various lattice parameters, and we will describe a systematic approach (embodied in the computer code ZAP) to parameter selection. 9 refs., 1 fig.

The possibility of experimental observation of the triply charmed ccc baryon ..cap omega../sub ccc//sup + +/ is explored. The conclusion is that it is very difficult, but not unthinkable. 11 refs.

Recent measurements of R, the ratio of the total hadron cross section to the lowest order muon pair cross section, are discussed which have systematic overall scale errors on the absolute value of R of 7% or less. Experiments are reviewed that have sought exotic effects in e/sup +/e/sup -/ at the highest available energies. The search for narrow states in the radiative decays of the J/psi and UPSILON are also reviewed. 35 refs., 24 figs. (LEW)

An ion source is described in which a metal vapor vacuum arc is used to create the plasma from which the ions are extracted. Beams of a variety of ions have been produced, ranging from lithium up to uranium. At an extraction voltage of 25 kV we've measured an ion beam current of over 1 Ampere, with over 550 ema of the beam in an emittance of 0.07..pi.. cm. mradians (normalized). The ion charge state distribution varies with cathode material and with arc power; for uranium a typical distribution is peaked at U/sup 5 +/, with up to 40% of the beam current in this charge state. 27 refs., 10 figs.

A property of the second-order achromat, whereby dipole and sextupole families may be inserted into a lattice for chromatic corrections without introducing second-order geometrical (on momentum) optical distortions, has been incorporated in several new particle accelerator designs. These include the SLC at SLAC, LEP at CERN, the EROS pulse stretcher ring at Saskatoon, the CEBAF ring at SURA, and the MIT ring.

Small bore conventional dc quadrupoles with apertures from 1 to 2.578cm were designed and prototypes built and measured. New fabrication techniques including the use of wire electric discharge milling (EDM) to economically generate the pole tip contours and aperture tolerances are described. Magnetic measurement data from a prototype of a 1cm aperture quadrupole with possible use in future e/sup +//e/sup -/ super colliders are presented. At a current of 400A, the lens achieved a gradient of 2.475 T/cm, and had an efficiency of 76.6%.

Dow Corning Sylgard 170 Silicone Elastomer has been investigated to characterize its response to accelerated thermal aging, radiation exposure, and its behavior under applied compressive forces. Sylgard 170 response to accelerated thermal aging suggests the material properties are not particularly age dependent. Radiation exposures, however, produce significant, monotonic changes in both elongation and hardness with increasing absorbed radiation dose. Elastomer response to an applied compressive force was strongly dependent on environment temperature and degree of material confinement. Variations in temperature produced large changes in compressive forces applied to confined samples. Attempts to mitigate force fluctuations by means of pressure relief paths resulted in total loss of the applied compressive force. Thus, seal applications employing this elastomer in Class 1E equipment required to function during or following an accident should consider the potential loss of compressive force from long-term aging and potential LOCA-temperature transient conditions.

The Validation Test House at the Solar Energy Research Institute in Golden, Colorado, is being used to collect performance data for analysis/design tool validation as part of the DOE Passive Solar Class A Performance Evaluation Program.

Two dimensional cartesian and axially-symmetric problems in electrostatics or magnetostatics frequently are solved numerically by means of relaxation techniques - employing, for example, the program POISSON. In many such problems the ''sources'' (charges or currents, and regions of permeable material) lie exclusively within a finite closed boundary curve and the relaxation process in principle then could be confined to the region interior to such a boundary - provided a suitable boundary condition is imposed onto the solution at the boundary. This paper discusses and illustrates the use of a boundary condition of such a nature in order thereby to avoid the inaccuracies and more extensive meshes present when alternatively a simple Dirichlet or Neumann boundary condition is specified on a somewhat more remote outer boundary.

The Fermilab Antiproton Source Accumulator and Debuncher rings require 5 kickers in total. These range in design from conventional ferrite delay line type magnets, with ceramic beam tubes to mechanically complex shuttered kickers situated entirely in the Accumulator Ring's 10/sup -10/ torr vacuum. Power supplies are thyratron switched pulse forming networks that produce microsecond width pulses of several kiloamps with less than 30 nanoseconds rise and fall times. Kicker and power supply design requirements for field strength, vacuum, rise and fall time, timing and magnetic shielding of the stacked beam in the accumulator by the eddy current shutter will be discussed. 8 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

A particle simulation code was used to study the effect on transverse beam dynamics of nonlinearities of the focusing field in a linear accelerator transporting a multiple beam array. Nonlinear field strengths for various multiple-beam design geometries were calculated by relaxation codes for use in the simulation calculation. Nonlinearities due to asymmetry of the electrode array with respect to a single beam were found to be negligible. Electrode end effect nonlinearities led to emittance growth for off-axis beams, though for the geometry of MBE-4, this was negligible. For misaligned beams, a dodecapole field caused significant emittance growth. This was not seen in single particle tracking calculations. Fields due to induced charge on the electrodes can reduce this effect, or the dodecapole field can be eliminated by proper choice of the electrode radius.

A particle simulation code has been used to study the effect of transverse beam dynamics of charge induced on focusing electrodes. A linear transport system was assumed. The initial particle distribution was taken to be that of a uniform elliptical beam with a Gaussian velocity distribution. For misaligned, highly space-charge-dominated beams (betatron phase advance per lattice period less than or equal to 10/sup 0/), a large oscillation of the rms emittance occurred in a beat pattern. Linearized Vlasov analysis shows the oscillation to be a sextupole oscillation, driven by the beam coherent betatron motion. Emittance growth accompanied the oscillation. Preliminary experimental results from the Single Beam Transport Experiment (SBTE) are consistent with the code results. Addition of a dodecapole nonlinearity to the computational focusing field greatly reduces the oscillation amplitude.

This paper presents the results of an investigation of the effects of ions and coherent collective instabilities on bunched electron beams circulating in the various Aladdin lattices considered in the Aladdin Upgrade Study. It is aimed particularly at identifying those collective and ion phenomena that may be limiting the performance of the present Aladdin with low energy (100 MeV) injection, at ascertaining which of these phenomena would still remain and limit the performance with a full energy (800 MeV) injector for any correction schemes (either active or passive) to alleviate the performance impact of these phenomena; overview of the behavior at low and high energy (and current), the dependence of this behavior on the rf frequency, and the resulting implications for the upgraded Aladdin operations will emerge in the course of this report. 12 refs., 11 figs., 5 tabs.