Thomson scattering diagnostic analyses to determine the energetic particle distributions in TFTR. Final report (open access)

Thomson scattering diagnostic analyses to determine the energetic particle distributions in TFTR. Final report

Lodestar has been an active participant in the low power Collective Thomson Scattering (CTS) diagnostic at TFTR in collaboration with MIT. Extensive studies were conducted regarding the use of gyrotron scattering as a low cost diagnostic for both energetic ions and alpha particles on TFTR. The numerical scattering code has been improved and compared with similar code developed at JET. The authors have participated and assisted in the CTS experiments through onsite visits and have successfully performed most of the data analysis tasks remotely. Through their analysis on the initial data base accumulated, they are able to understand qualitatively the general features of the anomalous large scattered signal, have proposed an explanation for its generation mechanism, and have suggested a potential new use of CTS as an edge diagnostic.
Date: February 16, 1995
Creator: Aamodt, R. E.; Cheung, P. Y. & Russell, D. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gas cylinder disposal pit remediation waste minimization and management (open access)

Gas cylinder disposal pit remediation waste minimization and management

A remediation of a gas cylinder disposal pit at Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico has recently been completed. The cleanup prevented possible spontaneous releases of hazardous gases from corroded cylinders that may have affected nearby active test areas at Sandia`s Technical Area III. Special waste management, safety, and quality plans were developed and strictly implemented for this project. The project was conceived from a waste management perspective, and waste minimization and management were built into the planning and implementation phases. The site layout was planned to accommodate light and heavy equipment, storage of large quantities of suspect soil, and special areas to stage and treat gases and reactive chemicals removed from the pit, as well as radiation protection areas. Excavation was a tightly controlled activity using experienced gas cylinder and reactive chemical specialists. Hazardous operations were conducted at night under lights, to allow nearby daytime operations to function unhindered. The quality assurance plan provided specific control of, and documentation for, critical decisions, as well as the record of daily operations. Both hand and heavy equipment excavation techniques were utilized. Hand excavation techniques were utilized. Hand excavation techniques allows sealed glass containers to be exhumed unharmed. In the end, several dozen …
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Aas, C. A.; Solow, A.; Brannon, R.; Schwender, J. M.; Criswell, C. W.; Eckman, C. K. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A PC-based software package for modeling DOE mixed-waste management options (open access)

A PC-based software package for modeling DOE mixed-waste management options

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Headquarters and associated contractors have developed an IBM PC-based software package that estimates costs, schedules, and public and occupational health risks for a range of mixed-waste management options. A key application of the software package is the comparison of various waste-treatment options documented in the draft Site Treatment Plans prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Facility Compliance Act of 1992. This automated Systems Analysis Methodology consists of a user interface for configuring complexwide or site-specific waste-management options; calculational algorithms for cost, schedule and risk; and user-selected graphical or tabular output of results. The mixed-waste management activities modeled in the automated Systems Analysis Methodology include waste storage, characterization, handling, transportation, treatment, and disposal. Analyses of treatment options identified in the draft Site Treatment Plans suggest potential cost and schedule savings from consolidation of proposed treatment facilities. This paper presents an overview of the automated Systems Analysis Methodology.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Abashian, M.S.; Carney, C. & Schum, K.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Interactions of CO{sub 2} With Temperature and Other Climate Variables: Response of Vegetation. Final Report, September 1, 1988--August 31, 1993 (open access)

Interactions of CO{sub 2} With Temperature and Other Climate Variables: Response of Vegetation. Final Report, September 1, 1988--August 31, 1993

The current project was initiated in 1991, and full details of the scope of the project are contained in the original proposal. that original proposal was reviewed and approved for three years funding. Progress made in 1991-92 and 1992-93 was described in annual Progress Reports and Statements of Work. This document summarizes progress made over the duration of the project, but with an emphasis on the final year`s (1993-94) results. Several of the important experiments are ongoing, to the extent that alternative funding could be arranged, and analyses of data from several of the earlier completed experiments is continuing. Therefore, this Final Report is also intermediary in nature, and additional results from this project will be reported in the open literature in the future. The overall objectives of the project were: (1) to examine experimentally, for major crop species, the interacting effects of CO{sub 2} concentration, temperature, and water availability on plant growth and development, (2) to model these interactions, and (3) to continue developing physiologically-based mechanistic models for predicting crop response to increased CO{sub 2} concentration and future global climate change.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Acock, B. & Kimball, B. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chemical and Isotopic Variations of Precipitation in the Los Alamos Region, New Mexico (open access)

Chemical and Isotopic Variations of Precipitation in the Los Alamos Region, New Mexico

Precipitation collectors were installed at 14 locations on the Pajarito Plateau and surrounding areas to study variations in chemistry, stable isotopes and tritium for the years 1990 to 1993. The volume of precipitation was measured and samples were collected and analyzed every three to four months. All precipitation samples contain <2.50 mg/kg Cl and have pH values ranging from 5.4 to 6.7. The stable isotope ({delta}D/{delta}{sup 18}O) results record seasonal variations in precipitation as the weather patterns shift from sources in the Pacific Ocean to sources in the Gulf of Mexico. The stable isotope results also show isotopic variations due to elevation differences among the collection points. The tritium contents ({sup 3}H) in rain samples vary from 6.54 T.U. to 141 T.U. Contouring of high tritium values (e.g. >20 T.U.) from each collection period clearly shows that Laboratory activities release some tritium to the atmosphere. The effect of these releases are well below the limits set by the Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water (about 6200 T.U.). The magnitude of the releases is apparently greatest during the summer months. However, anomalous tritium values are detected as far north as Espahola, New Mexico for many collection periods. Tritium releases by the …
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Adams, A. I.; Goff, F. & Counce, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Harvard-MIT research program in short-lived radiopharmaceuticals. Final report (open access)

Harvard-MIT research program in short-lived radiopharmaceuticals. Final report

The Harvard-MIT Research Program in Short-lived Radiopharmaceuticals was established in 1977 to foster interaction among groups working in radiopharmaceutical chemistry at Harvard Medical School, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the Massachusetts General Hospital. To this was added a group at The Childrens Hospital. From these collaborations and building upon the special strengths of the participating individuals, laboratories and institutions, it was hoped that original approaches would be found for the design of new, clinically useful, radiolabeled compounds. The original thrust of this proposal included: (a) examination of the coordination chemistry of technetium as a basis for rational radiopharmaceutical design, (b) development of an ultrashort-lived radionuclide generator for the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in newborns, (c) synthesis of receptor-site-directed halopharmaceuticals, (d) improved facile labeling of complex molecules with positron-emitting radionuclides. The authors` 1986 proposal was oriented toward organs and disease, emphasizing radiolabeled agents that delineate specific functions and the distribution of receptors in brain, heart, and tumors. In 1989, they further refined their purposes and focused on two major aims: (a) synthesis and utilization of neutral technetium and rhenium complexes of high specific activity, and (b) development of new approaches to the radiolabeling of proteins, peptides, immunoglobulins, and their …
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Adelstein, S.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic correlations in doped transition metal oxides (open access)

Magnetic correlations in doped transition metal oxides

The authors review recent reactor- and spallation-source-based neutron scattering experiments on the magnetic fluctuations and order in a variety of doped transition metal oxides. In particular, data are shown for the NiO chain compound, Y{sub 2{minus}x}Ca{sub x}BaNiO{sub 5}, the two-dimensional cuprate superconductors La{sub 2{minus}x}Sr{sub x}CuO{sub 4} and YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3} O{sub 6+x}, and the classical three-dimensional ``Mott-Hubbard`` system V{sub 2{minus}y}O{sub 3}.
Date: February 15, 1995
Creator: Aeppli, G.; Bao, W. & Broholm, C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Transformation to zero offset in transversely isotropic media (open access)

Transformation to zero offset in transversely isotropic media

Nearly all dip moveout correction (DMO) implementations to date assume isotropic homogeneous media. Usually, this has been acceptable considering the tremendous cost savings of homogeneous isotropic DMO and considering the difficulty of obtaining the anisotropy parameters required for effective implementation. In the presence of typical anisotropy, however, ignoring the anisotropy can yield inadequate results. Since anisotropy may introduce large deviations from hyperbolic moveout, accurate transformation to zero-offset in anisotropic media should address such nonhyperbolic moveout behavior of reflections. Artley and Hale`s (1994) v(z) ray tracing-based DMO, developed for isotropic media, provides an attractive approach to treating such problems. By using a ray-tracing procedure crafted for anisotropic media, the author modifies some aspects of Artley and Hale`s DMO so that it can work for v(z) anisotropic media. Application of this anisotropic DMO to data from offshore Africa resulted in a considerably better alignment of reflections from horizontal and dipping reflectors in common-midpoint gather than that obtained using an isotropic DMO. Even the presence of vertical inhomogeneity in this medium could not eliminate the importance of considering the shale induced anisotropy.
Date: February 1995
Creator: Alkhalifah, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cobalt-60 production at Savannah River (open access)

Cobalt-60 production at Savannah River

Over the past 8 or 9 years, the Savannah River Plant (SRP) has produced close to 4 million curies of cobalt-60 by irradiating cobalt-59 in the production reactors. This paper reviews past and current irradiations, cobalt-60 production methods, and costs.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Allen, H. F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of surfaces, films and multilayers by resonant laser ablation (open access)

Analysis of surfaces, films and multilayers by resonant laser ablation

In this manuscript we review briefly the history of Resonant Laser Ablation (RLA), and discuss some current ideas regarding sample preparation, laser parameters, and mechanisms. We also discuss current applications including spectral analysis of trace components, depth profiling of thin films and multilayer structures, and the use of RLA with the Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (ITMS).
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Allen, T. M.; Smith, C. H.; Kelly, P. B.; Anderson, J. E.; Eiden, G. C.; Garrett, A. W. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A comparison of risk assessment techniques from qualitative to quantitative (open access)

A comparison of risk assessment techniques from qualitative to quantitative

Risk assessment techniques vary from purely qualitative approaches, through a regime of semi-qualitative to the more traditional quantitative. Constraints such as time, money, manpower, skills, management perceptions, risk result communication to the public, and political pressures all affect the manner in which risk assessments are carried out. This paper surveys some risk matrix techniques, examining the uses and applicability for each. Limitations and problems for each technique are presented and compared to the others. Risk matrix approaches vary from purely qualitative axis descriptions of accident frequency vs consequences, to fully quantitative axis definitions using multi-attribute utility theory to equate different types of risk from the same operation.
Date: February 13, 1995
Creator: Altenbach, T.J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Risk from a compressed toxic gas system: Part 1, Dispersal probability (open access)

Risk from a compressed toxic gas system: Part 1, Dispersal probability

At the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we have prepared a Safety Analysis Report for the Department of Energy on our Building 332 Plutonium Handling Facility. This SAR includes an analysis of potential accident scenarios which could lead to offsite consequences to the public having not only radiological exposures, but also exposures to toxic gases such as chlorine. This paper presents a risk analysis of pressurized chlorine gas system proposed for use at Building 332. The focus of the analysis is to calculate the predicted frequency of an unmitigated leak of chlorine from the system which could result in the dispersal of the entire contents of the gas cylinder to the environment. Modeled are postulated valve leaks or pipe ruptures occurring anywhere in the distribution system, as well as the potential failure of leak mitigation. The fundamental credibility of this type of accident is established. The importance of a reliable leak mitigation system is demonstrated, and the dependence of the results on less than optimal data is discussed in the context of uncertainty and sensitivity analyses.
Date: February 13, 1995
Creator: Altenbach, T.J. & Brereton, S.J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The diffusion properties of ion implanted species in selected target materials (open access)

The diffusion properties of ion implanted species in selected target materials

Experiments important to the future success of the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) are in progress at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory which are designed to select the most appropriate target material for generating a particular radioactive ion beam (RIB). The 25-MV HHIRF tandem accelerator is used to implant stable complements of interesting radioactive elements into refractory targets mounted in a high-temperature FEBIAD ion source which is {open_quotes}on-line{close_quotes} at the UNISOR facility. The intensity versus time of implanted species, which diffuse from the high-temperature target material ({approximately}1700{degrees}C) and are ionized in the FEBIAD ion source, is used to determine release times for a particular projectile/target material combination. From such release data, diffusion coefficients can be derived by fitting the theoretical results obtained by computational solution of Fick`s second equation to experimental data. The diffusion coefficient can be used subsequently to predict the release properties of the particular element from the same material in other target geometries and at other temperatures, provided that the activation energy is also known. Diffusion coefficients for Cl implanted into and diffused from CeS and Zr{sub 5}Si{sub 3} and As, Br, and Se implanted into and diffused from Zr{sub 5}Ge{sub 3} have been derived from …
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Alton, G. D.; Dellwo, J.; Carter, H. K.; Kormicki, J.; Bartolo, G. di; Batchelder, J. C. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
CSER 94-012: Criticality safety evaluation report for 340 Facility (open access)

CSER 94-012: Criticality safety evaluation report for 340 Facility

This Criticality Safety Evaluation Report (CSER) covers the 340 Facility which acts as a collecting point for liquid and solid waste from various facilities in the 300 Area. Criticality safety is achieved by controlling the amount and concentration of the fissionable material sent to the 340 Facility from the originating facilities in the 300 Area, a method similar to that used elsewhere at Hanford for the waste tank farms. Unlike those, however, the waste received at the 340 Facility will be far less radioactive. It is concluded that present operations meet the two contingency criterion. The facility will still be safely subcritical even after two independent and concurrent failures (either of equipment or administrative controls). The solid waste storage and liquid waste will be managed separately. The solid waste storage area is classified as exempt because it contains less than 15 grams of fissionable materials. The Radioactive Liquid Waste System is classified as isolated because it contains less than one third of a minimum critical mass. The criticality safety of the 340 Facility devoted to the Radioactive Liquid Waste System (RLWS) is assured by the form and concentration of the fissile material and could also be classified as a limited …
Date: February 15, 1995
Creator: Altschuler, S.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tank waste remediation system: An update (open access)

Tank waste remediation system: An update

The US Department of Energy`s Hanford Site, located in southeastern Washington State, contains the largest amount and the most diverse collection of highly radioactive waste in the US. High-level radioactive waste has been stored at the Hanford Site in large, underground tanks since 1944. Approximately 217,000 M{sup 3} (57 Mgal) of caustic liquids, slurries, saltcakes, and sludges have accumulated in 177 tanks. In addition, significant amounts of {sup 90}Sr and {sup 137}Cs were removed from the tank waste, converted to salts, doubly encapsulated in metal containers, and stored in water basins. The Tank Waste Remediation System Program was established by the US Department of Energy in 1991 to safely manage and immobilize these wastes in anticipation of permanent disposal of the high-level waste fraction in a geologic repository. Since 1991, significant progress has been made in resolving waste tank safety issues, upgrading Tank Farm facilities and operations, and developing a new strategy for retrieving, treating, and immobilizing the waste for disposal.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Alumkal, W. T.; Babad, H.; Dunford, G. L.; Honeyman, J. O. & Wodrich, D. D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hazard categorization of 100K East and 100K West in-basin fuel characterization program activities. Revision 1 (open access)

Hazard categorization of 100K East and 100K West in-basin fuel characterization program activities. Revision 1

This report provides a hazard categorization of the 105 K East and 105 K West in-basin activities associated with the fuel sampling and transport preparations. It is limited to those characterization activities performed in the 105 KE and 105 KW fuel storage basin structures. The methodology of DOE standard DOE-STD-10227-92 is used. The report documents the determination that the in-basin activities associated with the fuel characterization program are classified as Hazard Category 3 (hazard analysis shows the potential for only significant localized consequences).
Date: February 28, 1995
Creator: Alwardt, L.D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
LLBG mixed waste disposal facility leachate sampling and analysis plan (open access)

LLBG mixed waste disposal facility leachate sampling and analysis plan

Document addresses generator waste analysis requirements mandated by regulatory agencies and others for disposal of leachate from mixed waste landfills.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Ambre, P. T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A process for treatment of mixed waste containing chemical plating wastes (open access)

A process for treatment of mixed waste containing chemical plating wastes

The Waste Treatment and Minimization Group at Los Alamos National Laboratory has designed and will be constructing a transportable treatment system to treat low-level radioactive mixed waste generated during plating operations. The chemical and plating waste treatment system is composed of two modules with six submodules, which can be trucked to user sites to treat a wide variety of aqueous waste solutions. The process is designed to remove the hazardous components from the waste stream, generating chemically benign, disposable liquids and solids with low level radioactivity. The chemical and plating waste treatment system is designed as a multifunctional process capable of treating several different types of wastes. At this time, the unit has been the designated treatment process for these wastes: Destruction of free cyanide and metal-cyanide complexes from spent plating solutions; destruction of ammonia in solution from spent plating solutions; reduction of Cr{sup VI} to Cr{sup III} from spent plating solutions, precipitation, solids separation, and immobilization; heavy metal precipitation from spent plating solutions, solids separation, and immobilization, and acid or base neutralization from unspecified solutions.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Anast, K.R.; Dziewinski, J. & Lussiez, G.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
In-situ deposition of sacrificial layers during ion implantation (open access)

In-situ deposition of sacrificial layers during ion implantation

The retained dose of implanted ions is limited by sputtering. It is known that a sacrificial layer deposited prior to ion implantation can lead to an enhanced retained dose. However, a higher ion energy is required to obtain a similar implantation depth due to the stopping of ions in the sacrificial layer. It is desirable to have a sacrificial layer of only a few monolayers thickness which can be renewed after it has been sputtered away. We explain the concept and describe two examples: (i) metal ion implantation using simultaneously a vacuum arc ion source and filtered vacuum arc plasma sources, and (ii) Metal Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition (MePIIID). In MePIIID, the target is immersed in a metal or carbon plasma and a negative, repetitively pulsed bias voltage is applied. Ions are implanted when the bias is applied while the sacrificial layer suffers sputtering. Low-energy thin film deposition - repair of the sacrificial layer -- occurs between bias pulses. No foreign atoms are incorporated into the target since the sacrificial film is made of the same ion species as used in the implantation phase.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Anders, A.; Anders, S.; Brown, I. G. & Yu, K. M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Surface modification of nickel battery electrodes by cobalt plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (open access)

Surface modification of nickel battery electrodes by cobalt plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition

Nickel hydroxide is the electrochemically active material in the positive electrode of several important rechargeable alkaline-electrolyte batteries. It is believed that divalent Ni(OH){sub 2} is converted to trivalent NiOOH as the electrode is electrochemically oxidized during the battery charging process, and the reverse reaction (electrochemical reduction) occurs during battery discharge, however the details of this process are not completely understood. Because these electrochemical reactions involve surface charge-transfer processes, it is anticipated that surface modification may result in improved battery performance. We used broad-beam metal ion implantation and Metal Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition to add cobalt and other species to the nickel electrode surface. The principle of the latter technique is explained in detail. It is shown that implanted and deposited cobalt ions act as a dopant of Ni(OH){sub 2}, and thereby alter its electronic conductivity. This electronic effect promotes lateral growth of NiOOH nodules and more-complete conversion of Ni(OH){sub 2} to NiOOH, which can be interpreted in terms of the nodule growth model. Other dopants such as Au, W, Pb, Ta and Ti{sub 4}O{sub 7} were also tested for suppressing the parasitic oxygen evolution reaction in rechargeable nickel cells.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Anders, S.; Anders, A.; Brown, I.; Kong, F. & McLarnon, F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Secondary oil recovery from selected Carter sandstone oilfields--Black Warrior Basin, Alabama. Final report (open access)

Secondary oil recovery from selected Carter sandstone oilfields--Black Warrior Basin, Alabama. Final report

Producibility problems, such as low reservoir pressure and reservoir heterogeneity, have severely limited oil production from the Central Bluff and North Fairview fields. Specific objectives for this project were: To successfully apply detailed geologic and engineering studies with conventional waterflood technologies to these fields in an effort to increase the ultimate economic recovery of oil from Carter sandstone fields; To extensively model, test and evaluate these technologies; thereby, developing a sound methodology for their use and optimization; and To team with Advanced Resources International and the US DOE to assimilate and transfer the information and results gathered from this study to other oil companies to encourage the widespread use of these technologies. At Central Bluff, water injection facilities were constructed and water injection into one well began in January 1993. Oil response from the waterflood has been observed at both producing wells. One of the producing wells has experienced early water breakthrough and a concomitant drop in secondary oil rate. A reservoir modeling study was initiated to help develop an appropriate operating strategy for Central Bluff. For the North Fairview unit waterflood, a previously abandoned well was converted for water injection which began in late June 1993. The reservoir is …
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Anderson, J. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Failure analysis: Status and future trends (open access)

Failure analysis: Status and future trends

Failure analysis is a critical element in the integrated circuit manufacturing industry. This paper reviews the changing role of failure analysis and describes major techniques employed in the industry today. Several advanced failure analysis techniques that meet the challenges imposed by advancements in integrated circuit technology are described and their applications are discussed. Future trends in failure analysis needed to keep pace with the continuing advancements in integrated circuit technology are anticipated.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Anderson, R. E.; Soden, J. M. & Henderson, C. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Initial Experience to Determine the Solubility of Salts in Low-Level Mix Waste Glasses (open access)

Initial Experience to Determine the Solubility of Salts in Low-Level Mix Waste Glasses

Glass may be used to immobilize low-level mixed waste (LLMW) at the Savannah River Site because of its ability to accept a wide variety of components into its network structure. However, many common salts (sulfates, chlorides, phosphates, and chromates) present in the LLMW streams have limited solubility in glass. Processing and product problems may arise if the solubility of these salts is exceeded. In an effort to determine the factors that most affect salt solubilities, a statistical screening experiment was performed. The screening experiment, a Plackett-Burman design, allowed efficient estimation of the effects of variables, such as the composition of the glass, the temperature of the melt, the duration of melting, and the cooling rate. Each of these factors, along with a combination of sulfate, chloride, phosphate and chromate concentrations, were examined to provide an estimate of the solubility of each salt. The results of the screening experiment were interpreted to determine which variables should be further examined. The composition of the glass, especially the concentrations of boron, calcium and the alkalis, was found to have the greatest effect on the solubilities of the salts. This paper will discuss the results of the screening experiment and describe a path forward.
Date: February 17, 1995
Creator: Andrews, M.K. & Saur, C.C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Computational and experimental studies of hydrodynamic instabilities and turbulent mixing (Review of NVIIEF efforts) (open access)

Computational and experimental studies of hydrodynamic instabilities and turbulent mixing (Review of NVIIEF efforts)

This report describes an extensive program of investigations conducted at Arzamas-16 in Russia over the past several decades. The focus of the work is on material interface instability and the mixing of two materials. Part 1 of the report discusses analytical and computational studies of hydrodynamic instabilities and turbulent mixing. The EGAK codes are described and results are illustrated for several types of unstable flow. Semiempirical turbulence transport equations are derived for the mixing of two materials, and their capabilities are illustrated for several examples. Part 2 discusses the experimental studies that have been performed to investigate instabilities and turbulent mixing. Shock-tube and jelly techniques are described in considerable detail. Results are presented for many circumstances and configurations.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Andronov, V. A.; Zhidov, I. G.; Meskov, E. E.; Nevmerzhitskii, N. V.; Nikiforov, V. V.; Razin, A. N. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library