In this paper measurement of the purely leptonic reactions: nu/sub ..mu../e ..-->.. nu/sub ..mu../e and anti nu/sub ..mu../e ..-->.. anti nu/sub ..mu../e, and the semileptonic reactions: nu/sub ..mu../p ..-->.. nu/sub ..mu../p and anti nu/sub ..mu../p ..-->.. anti nu/sub ..mu../p are presented and discussed in terms of the standard model. The data also places limites of interest on the magnitudes of a possible neutrino charge radius and a neutrino magnetic moment.

Various schemes for cosmological compactification of higher dimensional theories are considered. Possible instabilities which drive the ground state with static internal space to de Sitter-like expansion of all dimensions are discussed. These instabilities are due to semiclassical barrier penetration and classical thermal fluctuations. For the case of the ten dimensional Chapline-Manton action, it is possible to avoid such difficulties by balancing one-loop Casimir corrections against monopole contributions from the field strength H/sub MNP/ and fermionic condensates. 10 refs.

We report results from a preliminary analysis of approximately 30 million reconstructed events (30% of the data) from E-691, a charm photoproduction experiment conducted at the Fermilab Tagged Photon Laboratory in 1985. We present ratios of antiparticles to particles, p/sub T//sup 2/ distributions, x/sub F/ distributions, the total charm production cross-section and its energy dependence and the fraction of D/sup 0/s from D*s.

We have observed 99 decays of the charmed strange meson, the D/sub s//sup +/ (formerly called the F/sup +/), into the phi..pi../sup +/ (61) and antiK*/sup 0/K/sup +/ (38) final states in the Fermilab photoproduction experiment E-691. We determine the lifetime to be (.48/sub -.05//sup +.06/ +- .02) x 10/sup -12/s, Using our reported measurement of the D/sup 0/ lifetime, we calculate the ratio tau(D/sub s//sup +/)/tau(D/sup 0/) = (1.10 +- .15 +- .04).

This annual report, the eighth in a series, provides a brief description of fuel performance during 1985 in commercial nuclear power plants and an indication of trends. Brief summaries of fuel design changes, fuel surveillance programs, fuel operating experience, fuel problems, high-burnup fuel experience, and items of general significance are provided. References to additional, more detailed information and related NRC evaluations are included.

The Mark III collaboration presents results on the decays J/psi ..-->.. B/sub 8/ anti B/sub 8/, and J/psi ..-->.. B/sub 8/ anti B/sub 10/ using 5.8 x 10/sup 6/ produced J/psi's collected at SPEAR. Branching ratios have been determined for the decays J/psi ..-->.. ..sigma../sup +/ anti ..sigma../sup -/ (1385) + c.c., J/psi ..-->.. ..xi../sup -/ anti ..xi../sup +/ (1530) + c.c. and J/psi ..-->.. ..xi../sup -/ anti ..xi../sup +/. An upper limit on the branching ratios for the decay J/psi ..-->.. ..xi../sup 0/ anti ..xi../sup 0/ (1530) + c.c. has also been determined. These indicate large isospin violation in the decay patterns for J/psi ..-->.. ..xi.. anti ..xi..*. 7 refs., 9 figs.

The decay tau ..-->.. rho nu was studied in tau- pair production by e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation at ..sqrt..s = 3.77 GeV. The branching ratio was measured to be B(rho nu) = 22.3 +- 1.4 +- 1.6%. 5 refs., 2 figs.

The MARK III Collaboration has studied the OZI violating radiative decay J/psi ..-->.. ..gamma.. phi ..omega.., in order to complete the set of measured J/psi ..-->.. ..gamma.. vector vector decays. This channel is then used to search for a new decay mode of the xi(2330) and to study the eta/sub c/ decay mechanism. The phi ..omega.. mass spectrum does not show any significant structure; upper limits for the excitation of the xi and eta/sub c/ particles are obtained. 11 refs., 3 figs.

Results of a search for the purely leptonic decay D/sup +/ ..-->.. ..mu../sup +/nu/sub ..mu../ using the Mark III detector at SPEAR are reported. No signal is observed in a data sample of 9.3 pb/sup -1/ collected at the psi(3770) resonance, where 1.2 +- 0.16 (stat.)/sub -0.20//sup +0.24/ background events are expected. The 90% CL upper limit on the branching ratio B(D/sup +/ ..-->.. ..mu../sup +/nu/sub ..mu../) is found to be 8.4 x 10/sup -4/, corresponding to an upper limit on f/sub D/ of 340 MeV/c/sup 2/. This limit has implications for the theoretical understanding of differences in D/sup 0/ and D/sup +/ lifetimes, D/sup 0/ anti D/sup 0/ and B/sup 0/ anti B/sup 0/ mixing, and provides a test of the non-relativistic potential model. 20 refs., 3 figs.

The reactions J/psi ..-->.. ..omega..KAPPA antiKAPPA..pi.. and J/psi ..-->.. phiKAPPA/sup + -/KAPPA/sub S//sup 0/..pi../sup - +/ have been studied using a sample of 5.8 x 10/sup 6/ produced J/psi decays. The KAPPA/sup + -/KAPPA/sub S//sup 0/..pi../sup - +/ and KAPPA/sup +/KAPPA/sup -/..pi../sup 0/ systems recoiling against an ..omega.. show enhancements in the mass distribution around 1.445 GeV/c/sup 2/ with consistent branching ratios. No such structure is observed in the mass distribution of the KAPPA/sup + -/KAPPA/sub S//sup 0/..pi../sup - +/ system recoiling against a phi. A comparison of these observations with the corresponding channels in radiative J/psi decays permits a detailed study of the structures seen in the iota(1440) and EPSILON(1420) signal regions. 8 refs., 4 figs.

The Mark III collaboration has performed a high statistics study of the reaction J/psi ..-->.. ..gamma..eta..pi../sup +/..pi../sup -/, with two different final states of the eta, eta ..-->.. ..gamma gamma.. and eta ..-->.. ..pi../sup 0/..pi../sup +/..pi../sup -/. Both modes have a broad structure from 1.2 to 1.9 GeV/c/sup 2/ and two structures, which decay via delta/sup + -/..pi../sup - +/, delta/sup + -/ ..-->.. eta..pi../sup + -/, are identified at 1.28 and 1.39 GeV/c/sup 2/. No signal is observed in the iota(1440) signal region.

From a data sample of 5.8 x 10/sup 6/ J/psi's collected by the MARK III detector at the storage ring SPEAR at SLAC, two-body decay modes of the J/psi into a vector and a tensor meson have been measured. From the studies of the tensor meson, recoiling against the ideally mixed and well understood vector mesons, quark correlations are established and compared with the theoretical expectations of the J/psi decays and the SU(3) predictions. The beginnings of a similar systematic study of the two-body vector scalar decays are also presented.

Microalgae have the potential of producing biomass with a high content of lipids at high productivities using seawater or saline ground water resources. Microalgal lipids are similar to vegetable oils and suitable for processing to liquid fuels. Engineering cost analysis studies have concluded that, at a favorable site, microalgae cultivation for fuel production could be economically viable. The major uncertainties involve the microalgae themselves: biomass and lipid productivity and culture stability.

The Severe Accident Risk Reduction Program (SARRP) has completed a rebaselining of the risks to the public from a particular pressurized water reactor with a subatmospheric containment (Surry, Unit 1). Emphasis was placed on determining the magnitude and character of the uncertainties, rather than focusing on a point estimate. The risk-reduction potential of a set of proposed safety option backfits was also studied, and their costs and benefits were also evaluated. It was found that the risks from internal events are generally lower than previously evaluated in the Reactor Safety Study (RSS). However, certain unresolved issues (such as direct containment heating) caused the top of the uncertainty band to appear at a level that is comparable with the RSS point estimate. None of the postulated safety options appears to be cost effective for the Surry power plant. This work supports the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's assessment of severe accidents in NUREG-1150.

Reinjection of spent geothermal brine is a common means of disposing of geothermal effluents and maintaining reservoir pressures. Contrary to the predictions of two-fluid models (two-viscosity) of nonisothermal injection, an increase of injectivity, with continued injection, is often observed. Injectivity enhancement and thermally-affected pressure transients are particularly apparent in short-term injection tests at the Los Azufres Geothermal Field, Mexico. During an injection test, it is not uncommon to observe that after an initial pressure increase, the pressure decreases with time. As this typically occurs far below the pressure at which hydraulic fracturing is expected, some other mechanism for increasing the near-bore permeability must explain the observed behavior. This paper focuses on calculating the magnitude of the nearbore permeability changes observed in several nonisothermal injection tests conducted at the Los Azufres Geothermal Field.

Three aerial radiological surveys were conducted during the period 16 June through 15 July 1986 over the towns of Pocatello, Soda Springs, and Fort Hall, Idaho and the surrounding areas. The surveys were performed for the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by the United States Department of Energy's (DOE) Remote Sensing Laboratory (RSL), utilizing the Aerial Measuring System (AMS). This work was completed in cooperation with a study by the EPA to conduct a dose assessment of human radiation exposure for industrial sources in Pocatello and Soda Springs, Idaho. The aerial surveys were performed to document the natural terrestrial radiological environment of the three localities and to map the spatial extent and degree of contamination due to phosphate milling operations. The results of these surveys will be used for planning ground-based measurements in addition to being incorporated into the dose assessment document. 4 refs., 14 figs., 6 tabs.

The FMPC site includes a plant designed for the reduction of uranium hexafluoride (UF/sub 6/) to uranium tetrafluoride (UF/sub 4/). Limited operation of the upgraded reduction facility began in August 1984 and continued through January 19, 1986. A reaction vessel ruptured on that date causing the plant operation to be shut down. The DOE conducted a Class B investigation with the findings of the investigation board issued in preliminary form in May 1986 and as a final recommendation in July 1986. A two-phase restart of the plant was planned and implemented. Phase I included implementing safety system modifications, changing reaction vessel temperature control strategy, and operating the reduction plant under an 8-week controlled test. The results of the test period are the subject of this report. 41 figs., 11 tabs.

Software has been developed for use with the Fermilab Advanced Computer Program (ACP) multiprocessor system. The software was designed to make a system of a hundred independent node processors as easy to use as a single, powerful CPU. Subroutines have been developed by which a user's host program can send data to and get results from the program running in each of his ACP node processors. Utility programs make it easy to compile and link host and node programs, to debug a node program on an ACP development system, and to submit a debugged program to an ACP production system.

It is shown that, in present-day large-size tokamaks, finite resistivity modifies qualitatively the stability properties of magnetohydrodynamic instabilities resonantly excited by the unfavorable processional drift of energetic-trapped particles, i.e., the so-called ''fishbone''-type instabilities. Specifically, it is found that (1) the n = 1 energetic-trapped particle-induced internal kink (''fishbone'') instability is strongly stabilized by resistive dissipation and (2) finite resistivity lowers considerably the threshold conditions for resonant excitations of high-n ballooning/interchange modes. The possibility of exciting fishbones by alpha particles in ignition experiments is also considered.

The Mark III collaboration at SPEAR observes charm-strange associated production in the reaction e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. F/sup + -/F*/sup - +/ at ..sqrt..8 = 4.14 GeV. The F/sup + -/ is reconstructed in the phi..pi../sup + -/ mode and the F*/sup - +/ is detected in the recoil mass distribution from the F/sup + -/. The observed F mass is (1977.6 +- 4.3 (stat.) +- 4.0 (syst.)) MeV/c/sup 2/ and the F* mass is (2106.8 +- 1.8 +- 6.2) MeV/c/sup 2/. The production rate at ..sqrt..8 = 4.14 GeV is sigma(e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. F/sup + -/F*/sup - +/) . B(F/sup + -/ ..-->.. phi..pi../sup + -/) = (36 +- 7 +- 13)pb. 12 refs., 6 figs.

The propagation of ultralow-frequency (ulf) electromagnetic signals (Alfven and magnetosonic waves) in collisional, inhomogeneous, magnetized plasmas is analyzed by numerical simulation. The problem is formulated from a Maxwell-equation orbit-theory approach rather than from a magnetohydrodynamic point of view, and the problem is numerically treated in a fully time-dependent manner. Boundary-value-problem behavior is distinguished from initial-value-problem behavior. The propagation of two-dimensional small-amplitude electromagnetic disturbances in plasmas with spatially dependent densities and in plasmas with spatially dependent conductivities is numerically simulated, and when possible, the simulations are compared with theory. Changes in the plasma density lead to changes in the signal speed and to reflections; collisions lead to changes in the signal speed, to reflections, and to attenuations. Theoretical descriptions based upon discontinuities in the media are generally incorrect in predicting the amplitudes of signals reflected from plasma inhomogeneities. 19 refs., 16 figs.

Estimated kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) abundance in Lake Pend Oreille was 4.3 million during September 1986. This estimate was similar to 1985 and indicates continued suppression of the kokanee population since initial decline in the late 1960s. Atypically high survival of wild fry resulted in similar fry recruitment in 1986 as 1985, whereas hatchery-reared fry contributed only 8% to total fry recruitment as a result of low post-release survival (3%). Fry released into the Clark Fork River from Cabinet Gorge Hatchery had very low survival during emigration to Lake Pend Oreille, resulting from poor flow conditions and potentially high predation. Fry survival during emigration was twice as high during nighttime flows of 16,000 cfs than 7,800 cfs. Emigration also was faster during higher flows. Several marks were tested to differentially mark fry release groups to help determine impacts of flow and other factors on fry survival. Survival of fry marked with tetracycline and fluorescent dye was high (>99%) during the 10-week study. In contrast, survival of fry marked with fluorescent grit marks ranged from 5 to 93%, depending on application pressure and distance from the fry. Retention was high (>96%) for tetracycline and grit marks during the study, whereas dye marks …

This report is a summary of the Workshop on New Directions in X-Ray Scattering held at the Asilomar Conference Center, Pacific Grove, California, April 2-5, 1985. The report primarily consists of the edited transcript of the final review session of the workshop, in which members of a panel summarized the proceedings. It is clear that we are close to achieving an accurate theory of scattering in independent particle approximation, but for edge regions, there is need to go beyond this approach. Much of what is experimentally interesting in scattering is occurring between the photoabsorption edge and the photoelectric threshold. Applications in condensed matter and biological and chemical material studies are expanding, exploiting higher intensity sources and faster time resolution as in magnetic scattering and surface studies. Storage rings are now conventional sources, and new high-intensity beam lines are under development; the free electron laser is one of the more speculative sources. Recent work in x-ray scattering has led to advances in x-ray optics, and conversely, advances in x-ray optics have benefitted our understanding of x-ray scattering.

This report is compiled by the Nuclear Waste Treatment Program and the Hanford Waste Vitrification Program at Pacific Northwest Laboratory to document progress on liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) vitrification technology. Progress in the following technical subject areas during the third quarter of FY 1986 is discussed: melting process chemistry and glass development, feed preparation and transfer systems, melter systems, canister filling and handling systems, off-gas systems, and process/product modeling and control.