The results of a study to evaluate the use of the General Atomic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor as a heat source for petroleum refining and other petrochemical processes requiring process temperatures up to 1050/sup 0/F are presented. The specific objective was to investigate methods of supplying and transporting steam and process heat from the primary reactor coolant to the refinery process heat exchangers. An evaluation of potential heat transfer fluids for transporting the heat from the reactor site to the refinery site was made and a promising fluid was selected for further investigation. A conceptual design of a secondary helium heat transfer loop with a heat exchanger located inside the prestressed concrete reactor vessel was established. Methods for providing minimum acceptable process heat and steam during reactor refueling and shutdown were investigated. A safety evaluation considering the possibility and consequences of radioactive contamination and petroleum contamination of the heat transfer fluid was conducted. The necessary modifications to the nuclear reactor system were identified and conceptual designs and economic estimates for these modifications were made.

The primary goal was to enter Phase 2 by analyzing geophysical logs and sidewall cores from a verification well drilled into the Trenton/Black River section along lineaments. However, the well has not yet been drilled; Phase 2 has therefore not been accomplished. Secondary goals, not dependent upon well drilling, were completed. In the structure task, the objectives for this reporting period were to: (1) add additional sites along the west side of Cayuga Lake where we had critical gaps in our data set, and (2) complete analyses of structure data along the west side of Cayuga Lake. We have completed data input and analyses for this goal, and discuss the results. The additional data from the 2003 field season (and additional revised data from the previous season) demonstrate that zones of closely-spaced NNW- and N-striking fractures (FIDs) occur west of Cayuga Lake. EarthSat (1997) did not recognize NNW- or N-striking Landsat lineaments in this area. Packets of E-and ENE-striking EarthSat (1997) lineaments coincide with FIDs observed in outcrop, but the bedrock FIDs are significantly more numerous than the lineaments. West of Cayuga Lake, NE-striking EarthSat (1997) were not confirmed by FIDs. It appears that Landsat lineaments (EarthSat, 1997) indicate parts …

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Drilling activities were conducted in FY97 and FY98 in the A/M Area to further identify areas of pure phase DNAPL below the water table. The purpose of the work was to further understand the subsurface contaminant distribution and to identify locations below the water table where aggressive DNAPL remediation technologies should be pursued.

The purpose of this document is to describe research, monitoring, and evaluation (RME) for the Federal Columbia River Estuary Program, hereafter called 'the Estuary Program'. The intent of this RME effort is to provide data and information to evaluate progress toward meeting program goals and objectives and support decision making in the Estuary Program. The goal of the Estuary Program is to understand, conserve, and restore the estuary ecosystem to improve the performance of listed salmonid populations. The Estuary Program has five general objectives, designed to fulfill the program goal, as follows: (1) Understand the primary stressors affecting ecosystem controlling factors, such as ocean conditions and invasive species. (2) Conserve and restore factors controlling ecosystem structures and processes, such as hydrodynamics and water quality. (3) Increase the quantity and quality of ecosystem structures, i.e., habitats, juvenile salmonids use during migration through the estuary. (4) Maintain the food web to benefit salmonid performance. (5) Improve salmonid performance in terms of life history diversity, foraging success, growth, and survival. The goal of estuary RME is to provide pertinent and timely research and monitoring information to planners, implementers, and managers of the Estuary Program. The goal leads to three primary management questions pertaining …

Progress has been ahead of planned expectations in three instances: (a) achievement of 4 mA/cm/sup 2/, short circuit current density in a MIS structure solar cell under AM1 illumination; (b) fabrication of large area (4 cm/sup 2/) MIS cells with external J/sub sc/ > 3 mA/cm/sup 2/; and (c) deposition of p/sup +/ layers by B/sub 2/H/sub 6/ gas phase doping. A program status table is included. Reproducible n layers are now routinely deposited by sputtering in Ar, H/sub 2/, and PH/sub 3/ gases. The major remaining obstacle to the goal of a 3.5% cell is the deposition of a quality i-layer. Although information deduced from infrared absorption and Raman data indicates that most of the hydrogen is bonded in the SiH configuration, the photoconductivity of the intrinsic material requires marked improvement. Two forms of magnetron sputtering, planar and cylindrical, are being exploited. The planar deposition system has the advantage that experimental costs are low; the cylindrical system is easily scalable to large product throughput. Schematic illustrations of the two systems and descriptions of apparatus modifications incorporated are included.

The funds from this DOE grant were used to help cover the travel costs of five students and postdoctoral fellows who attended a symposium on 'Hydration: From Clusters to Aqueous Solutions' held at the Fall 2007 American Chemical Society Meeting in Boston, MA, August 19-23. The Symposium was sponsored by the Physical Chemistry Division, ACS. The technical program for the meeting is available at http://phys-acs.org/fall2007.html.

It is well known that the fluid phase equilibria can be represented by a number of {gamma}-models , but unfortunately most of them do not function well under high temperature. In this calculation, we mainly investigate the performance of UNIQUAC and NRTL models under high temperature, using temperature dependent parameters rather than using the original formulas. the other feature of this calculation is that we try to relate the excess Gibbs energy G{sup E}and enthalpy of mixing H{sup E}simultaneously. In other words, we will use the high temperature and pressure G{sup E} and H{sup E}data to regress the temperature dependant parameters to find out which model and what kind of temperature dependant parameters should be used.

This document is the final scientific report of the project DE-SC000120 (A scalable Development Environment for Peta-Scale Computing). The objective of this project is the extension of the Parallel Tools Platform (PTP) for applying it to peta-scale systems. PTP is an integrated development environment for parallel applications. It comprises code analysis, performance tuning, parallel debugging and system monitoring. The contribution of the Juelich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) aims to provide a scalable solution for system monitoring of supercomputers. This includes the development of a new communication protocol for exchanging status data between the target remote system and the client running PTP. The communication has to work for high latency. PTP needs to be implemented robustly and should hide the complexity of the supercomputer's architecture in order to provide a transparent access to various remote systems via a uniform user interface. This simplifies the porting of applications to different systems, because PTP functions as abstraction layer between parallel application developer and compute resources. The common requirement for all PTP components is that they have to interact with the remote supercomputer. E.g. applications are built remotely and performance tools are attached to job submissions and their output data resides on the remote system. …

The computer program described here analyzes the performance of Fermilab Central Helium Liquefier (CHL) and predicts the values of the plant thermodynamic variables at all process points in the plant. To simulate CHL, this program is modified from the prototype program which was developed by Hitachi Ltd. a couple of years ago. This program takes care of only the steady state simulation and takes account of the change of the turbine efficiency, the pressure drops and the UA values of the heat exchangers. How to use the program is shown.

The United States has signed but not ratified the US/IAEA Safeguards Additional Protocol. If ratified, the Additional Protocol will require the US to report to the IAEA certain nuclear-related exports and imports to the IAEA. This document identifies and assesses the issues associated with the US making those reports. For example, some regulatory changes appear to be necessary. The document also attempts to predict the impact on the DOE Complex by assessing the historical flow of exports and imports that would be reportable if the Additional Protocol were in force.

The US has signed but not ratified the US/IAEA Safeguards Additional Protocol. If ratified, the Additional Protocol will require the US to report to the IAEA certain nuclear-related exports and imports to the IAEA. This document identifies and assesses the issues associated with the US making those reports. For example, some regulatory changes appear to be necessary. The document also attempts to predict the impact on the DOE Complex by assessing the historical flow of exports and imports that would be reportable if the Additional Protocol were in force.

This report describes the expanded set of test problems that were created to augment the existing Transient Reactor Analysis Code (TRAC)-P standard matrix of test problems. The expanded test problems were created to support the TRAC-P modernization effort. In most cases, these test problems were modified or expanded versions of problems in the TRAC Standard Test Matrix. A problem description is included for each problem added to the Standard Test Matrix. In this description, the details regarding modifications of the original test problem are included, as well as the observed problem results. This expanded test set will be used to verify that the predicted results for the modernized version of TRAC-M/f90 are null relative to the archival version of TRAC-P/MOD2 (Ver. 5.4.25), the latter being the base version on which work on the modernized code began. The problems described in this document increase the percentage of executable source coding that is activated when the Standard Test Matrix is run from 71% to 83.5%. A brief review of the characteristics of the portions of the source code that are not activated when running the expanded Standard Test Set also is provided. With a few exceptions, the author has concluded that the …

A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for the beam shaping assembly made from polytetrafluoroethylene and magnesium fluorine. Results of calculation were experimentally tested and are in good agreement with measurements.

The attached Test Report documents the results of testing for the function of an environmental enclosure and heater to support the rotary mode core sampling exhauster`s flammable gas detection system.

This paper discusses round-robin exercises to assess inspection reliability using the NRC steam generator (SG) mock-up at Argonne National Laboratory. The purpose of the round robins is to assess the current reliability of SG tubing inservice inspection, determine the probability of detection (POD) as function of flaw size or severity, and assess the capability for sizing of flaws. The mock-up contains hundreds of cracks and simulations of artifacts such as corrosion deposits and tube support plates that make detection and characterization of cracks more difficult in operating steam generators than in most laboratory situations. Eddy current signals from the laboratory-grown cracks used in the mock-up have been reviewed to ensure that they provide reasonable simulations of those obtained in the field. The mock-up contains 400 tube openings. Each tube contains nine 22.2-mm (7/8-in.) diameter, 30.5-cm (1-ft) long, Alloy 600 test sections. The flaws are located in the tube sheet near the roll transition zone (RTZ), in the tube support plate (TSP), and in the freespan. The flaws are primarily intergranular stress corrosion cracks (axial and circumferential, ID and OD). In addition to the simulated tube sheet and TSP the mock-up has simulated sludge and magnetite deposits. A validated multiparameter eddy …

The BTeV Collaboration is starting to develop its C++ based offline software suite, an integral part of which is a series of tutorials. These tutorials are targeted at a diverse audience, including new graduate students, experienced physicists with little or no C++ experience, those with just enough C++ to be dangerous, and experts who need only an overview of the available tools. The tutorials must both teach C++ in general and the BTeV specific tools in particular. Finally, they must teach physicists how to find and use the detailed documentation. This report will review the status of the BTeV experiment, give an overview of the plans for and the state of the software and will then describe the plans for the tutorial suite.

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A review of methods for static-field compression of an electron ring is shown to suggest advantages for a method in which there is no axial acceleration or deceleration of the ring. In the method proposed here the static magnetic field itself is o such a character that the electrons are neither focused nor defocused in the axial direction. The integrity and movement of the ring through the compressor is controlled by a small traveling magnetic well. The feasibility of creating such a traveling well is discussed, and an example is presented of a current distribution capable of producing the static magnetic field of the compressor.

This is the final report for the LDRD strategic initiative entitled ''Dislocation Dynamic: Simulation of Plastic Flow of bcc Metals'' (tracking code: 00-SI-011). This report is comprised of 6 individual sections. The first is an executive summary of the project and describes the overall project goal, which is to establish an experimentally validated 3D dislocation dynamics simulation. This first section also gives some information of LLNL's multi-scale modeling efforts associated with the plasticity of bcc metals, and the role of this LDRD project in the multiscale modeling program. The last five sections of this report are journal articles that were produced during the course of the FY-2000 efforts.

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the United States. few epidemiology studies have indicated that exposure to PhIP, a rodent prostate carcinogen formed in meat during cooking, may be an important risk factor for prostate cancer in humans. Therefore, a highly sensitive biomarker assay is urgently needed to clarify the role of PhIP in prostate cancer. The goal of this project is to develop an assay that can be used to more accurately quantify human exposure to PhIP and potential prostate cancer risk. Our hypothesis is that an Accelerator Mass Spectrometry-based method can be developed to measure protein adducts of PhIP in the blood of humans. This will provide a measure of the internal dose, as well as the capacity for carcinogen bioactivation to a form that can initiate the cancer process. Towards this goal, we have characterized an adduct formed by PhIP in vitro with the amino acid cysteine. This adduct should provide a biomarker of dietary PhIP exposure and potential prostate cancer risk that could be used to identify individuals for prevention and for monitoring the effect chemoprevention strategies.

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This technical report presents the engineering research, process development and data accomplishments that have transpired to date in support of the development of Cost Effective Composite Drill Pipe (CDP). The report presents progress made from October 1, 2004 through September 30, 2005 and contains the following discussions: (1) Qualification Testing; (2) Prototype Development and Testing of ''Smart Design'' Configuration; (3) Field Test Demonstration; and (4) Commercial order for SR-CDP from Torch International. The objective of this contract is to develop and demonstrate ''cost effective'' Composite Drill Pipe. It is projected that this drill pipe will weigh less than half of its steel counter part. The resultant weight reduction will provide enabling technology that will increase the lateral distance that can be reached from an offshore drilling platform and the depth of water in which drilling and production operations can be carried out. Further, composite drill pipe has the capability to carry real time signal and power transmission within the pipe walls. CDP can also accommodate much shorter drilling radius than is possible with metal drill pipe. As secondary benefits, the lighter weight drill pipe can increase the storage capability of floating off shore drilling platforms and provide substantial operational cost …

Light emitting diodes and blue laser diodes grown on GaN have been demonstrated despite six orders of magnitude higher dislocation density than that for III-V arsenide and phosphide diodes. Understanding and determination of dislocation cores in GaN is crucial since both theoretical and experimental work are somewhat contradictory. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) has been applied to study the layers grown by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) (under Ga rich conditions) in plan-view and cross-section samples. This study suggests that despite the fact that voids are formed along the dislocation line in HVPE material, the dislocations have closed cores. Similar results of closed core are obtained for the screw dislocation in the MBE material, confirming earlier studies.