The computer programs, including HYBRID, VSYS, VEHIC and CRASH, used to compute the energy and fuel consumption, life-cycle costs and performance characteristics of a hybrid electric-powered vehicle are described and their use documented. (LCL)

Hydraulic tests were made on the Hallam Prototype Free-Surface Sodium Pump to determine the net positive suction head (NPSH) required at various sodium flow rates. Pump performance data were also collected. The results indicate that an NPSH of 22 ft sodium is required at the design flow rate of 7200 gpm at approximates 1000 deg F, agreeing with computed values, and that the pump is designed with a safety margin of slightly over l0%. (D.L.C.)

The design requirements, design philosophy, method and assumptions, and preliminary computer-aided design of the Near-Term Hybrid Vehicle including its electric and heat power units, control equipment, transmission system, body, and overall vehicle characteristics are presented. (LCL)

Run 25 was the final period of power operational of the HRT. The reactor was operated for periods of 62, 8, 52, and 80 hours at 5 Mw with no outward indication of fuel and core and blanket average temperatures of 270 and 230 deg C, respectively. The uranium concentration in the was 1.7 to 2.0 g U/kg D/sub 2/O. Longer periods of operation were prevented by mechanical difficulties, notably with the fuel feed pump. While the reactor was subcritical after the last of the above runs, the upper patch in the core tank wall became dislodged, allowing greater core-to-blanket mixing. The resultant blanket uranium concentration was 2.9 g U/kg D/sub 2/O. The reactor was subsequently operated at April 28, 1961. The experiment was operated at high temperature for a total of 10,866 hours. The system was critical for a total of 8,841 hours and produced 16,295 Mwhours of power. The fuel, heavy water, and some corrosion specimens were recovered, and the reactor was stored in an assembled state. (auth)

A seven- to twenty-fold volume reduction can be obtained from fluidized bed calcination of aqueous aluminum nitrate wastes, depending on the operating conditions employed and their effect on the intra-panticle porosity and absolute density of the calcined alumina. Among the calcining variables, only the bed temperature and the fuel aluminum concentration had a significant effect on the intra-particle porosity of alumina generated during studies conducted primarily in a two-foot-square fluidized bed calciner. A quantitative correlation of the effect of these variables is presented. Alumina with an intra-particle porosity as low as five per cent can be generated by employing a suitable combination of low bed temperature and dilute aluminum feed concentration. Feed sodium concentration and product alpha alumina content were found to have minor effect on intra-particle porosity. Results also show that an inverse relationship exists between the nitrate content of the calcine and the calcination temperature. (auth)

This Interim Report summarizes the findings of our first twenty in-depth interviews in the Advanced Nuclear Reactor Public Opinion Project. We interviewed 6 industry trade association officials, 3 industry attorneys, 6 environmentalists/nuclear critics, 3 state officials, and 3 independent analysts. In addition, we have had numerous shorter discussions with various individuals concerned about nuclear power. The report is organized into the four categories proposed at our April, 1991, Advisory Group meeting: safety, cost-benefit analysis, science education, and communications. Within each category, some change of focus from that of the Advisory Group has been required, to reflect the findings of our interviews. This report limits itself to describing our findings. An accompanying memo draws some tentative conclusions.

This document basically represents a comparison between theory and practice of capacity-expansion planning in the electric-utility industry. The purpose of the comparison is to provide avenues for further exploration in utility decision making. The focus of the Phase II study is upon the role of uncertainty in the decision-making process. The Phase I effort was directed at modeling the Averch-Johnson theory of the regulated utility. Part I of this report reviews the Anderson study (D. Anderson, Models for Determining Least-Cost Investments in Electricity Supply). The Anderson paper has become a standard reference for capacity-planning studies in the electric-utility industry. Part II examines uncertainty and the behavior of the firm. Part III reviews 5 models of electric-utility capacity planning under uncertainty, and Part IV is concerned with capacity-planning models in practice.

The relation between the parameters of a differential equation and corresponding discrete maps are becoming increasingly important in the study of nonlinear dynamical systems. Maps are well adopted for numerical computation and several universal properties of them are known. Therefore some perturbation methods have been proposed to deduce them for physical systems, which can be modeled by an ordinary differential equation (ODE) with a small nonlinearity. A new iterative, rigorous algebraic method for the calculation of the coefficients of a Taylor expansion of a stroboscopic map from ODE's with not necessarily small nonlinearities is presented. It is shown analytically that most of the coefficients are small for a small integration time and grow slowly in the course of time if the flow vector field of the ODE is polynomial and if the ODE has fixed point in the origin. Approximations of different orders respectively of the rest term are investigated for several nonlinear systems. 31 refs., 16 figs.

The effect of modifying the dislocation structure by room-temperature prestraining on the subsequent yielding behavior at 77 deg K is being studied. Results on tantalum single crystals indicated that a considerable decrease in the early yield stress for a given strain is effected by prestraining at room temperature. Twinning was observed in the tantalum at 77 deg K and normal rates of strain. It is shown that the potential barrler to dislocation motion in crystalline solids can be measured in relatively pure bcc transition metals such as Nb, Ta, Mo, and W. Work is being carried out to extend the method of differential calorimetry to measurements of stored-energy-release spectra in deformed bcc metals. Measurements for copper are discussed. (M.C.G.)

As part of the CAD-CAM development project, this report discusses the mathematics underlying the program QUADRIC, which does computations on objects modeled as Boolean combinations of quadric half-spaces. Topics considered include projective space, quadric surfaces, polars, affine transformations, the construction of solids, shaded image, the inertia tensor, moments, volume, surface integrals, Monte Carlo integration, and stratified sampling. 1 figure.

For muon-catalyzed fusion to be of practical interest, a very efficient means of producing muons must be found. We describe a scheme for producing muons that may be more energy efficient than any heretofore proposed. There are, in particular, some potential advantages of creating muons from collisions of high energy tritons confined in a magnetic mirror configuration. If one could catalyze 200 fusions per muon and employ a uranium blanket that would multiply the neutron energy by a factor of 10, one might produce electricity with an overall plant efficiency (ratio of electric energy produced to nuclear energy released) approaching 30%. One possible near term application of a muon-producing magnetic-mirror scheme would be to build a high-flux neutron source for radiation damage studies. The careful arrangement of triton orbits will result in many of the ..pi../sup -/'s being produced near the axis of the magnetic mirror. The pions quickly decay into muons, which are transported into a small (few-cm-diameter) reactor chamber producing approximately 1-MW/m/sup 2/ neutron flux on the chamber walls, using a laboratory accelerator and magnetic mirror. The costs of construction and operation of the triton injection accelerator probably introduces most of the uncertainty in the viability of this …

Near stoichiometric bulk polycrystalline CdSiAs/sub 2/ has been synthesized by two techniques: (1) direct fusion of the elements and (2) direct fusion of the binaries SiAs, Cd/sub 3/As/sub 2/ and CdAs/sub 2/. The latter technique resulted in denser ternary material with good homogeneity. The above binaries melt congruently and were also formed by direct fusion. Sputtered ternary films were formed using a bulk CdSiAs/sub 2/ target, and a composite target of CdAs/sub 2/ discs in a Si plate. Composition of the CdSiAS/sub 2/ target changed with sputtering time. Amorphous films deposited from that target were heat treated, and became crystalline and near stoichiometric but with poor mechanical properties. It appears that films deposited from the composite target (Si + CdAs/sub 2/) can be adjusted to stoichiometry by means of sputtering power and target geometry. As deposited, these films also were amorphous. With respect to evaporated films, the study of thermal decomposition of CdSiAs/sub 2/ in vacuum was completed. The decomposition is preferential toward Cd between 570/sup 0/ and 710/sup 0/C, and toward As in the 710 to 1010/sup 0/C range. It is concluded that evaporation of the ternary is not a suitable method for forming CdSiAs/sub 2/ films. Plans for …

This work is part of a study conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to improve the performance of brine injection wells at Gulf Coast Strategic Petroleum Reserve Sites. Our involvement established that granular media filtration, when used with proper chemical pretreatments, provides an effective and economical method for removing particulates from hypersaline brines. This treatment allows for the injection of 200,000 B/D with significantly increased well half-lives of 30 years.

A retrofit solar water-heating system has been installed in a three-story apartment building at Drexel University. The system employs two conventional collector banks (10 PPG collectors) mounted at the latitude angle for Philadelphia of 40 deg from the horizontal and two double-exposure collectors (DEC's) mounted vertically in mirrored enclosures. Although the DEC units are being used for year-round domestic water heating for the building, they are designed to provide maximum output in the winter and are therefore well-suited to solar space heat applications. Instrumentation for testing the DEC units has been developed and installed in the apartment building. The temperature sensors have been calibrated and regular data collection has begun. Some of the performance data acquired in June and July is presented and analyzed. The performance of the DEC units has been excellent during these summer months. A computer program has been developed for performance calculations for a variety of mirror configurations and latitude locations. Some preliminary results are presentd for latitudes 35, 40 and 45 deg.

An Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approved sampling and analysis protocol was developed and executed to verify atmospheric emissions compliance for the new Savannah River Site (SRS) F/H area Effluent Treatment Facility. Sampling equipment was fabricated, installed, and tested at stack monitoring points for filtrable particulate radionuclides, radioactive iodine, and tritium. The only detectable anthropogenic radionuclides released from Effluent Treatment Facility stacks during monitoring were iodine-129 and tritium oxide. This paper only examines the collection and analysis of tritium oxide.

The correspondence between theories in anti-de Sitter space and conformal field theories in physical space-time leads to an analytic, semiclassical model for strongly-coupled QCD which has scale invariance at short distances and color confinement at large distances. Light-front holography is a remarkable feature of AdS/CFT: it allows hadronic amplitudes in the AdS fifth dimension to be mapped to frame-independent light-front wavefunctions of hadrons in physical space-time, thus providing a relativistic description of hadrons at the amplitude level. Some novel features of QCD are discussed, including the consequences of confinement for quark and gluon condensates and the behavior of the QCD coupling in the infrared. We suggest that the spatial support of QCD condensates is restricted to the interior of hadrons, since they arise due to the interactions of confined quarks and gluons. Chiral symmetry is thus broken in a limited domain of size 1=m{sub {pi}} in analogy to the limited physical extent of superconductor phases. A new method for computing the hadronization of quark and gluon jets at the amplitude level, an event amplitude generator, is outlined.

For each sludge batch that is processed in the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF), the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) performs confirmation of the applicability of the digestion method to be used by the DWPF lab for elemental analysis of Sludge Receipt and Adjustment Tank (SRAT) receipt samples and SRAT product process control samples. DWPF SRAT samples are typically dissolved using a room temperature HF-HNO3 acid dissolution (i.e., DWPF Cold Chem Method, see Procedure SW4-15.201) and then analyzed by inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). This report contains the results and comparison of data generated from performing the Aqua Regia (AR), Sodium Peroxide/Hydroxide Fusion (PF) and DWPF Cold Chem (CC) method digestion of Sludge Batch 5 (SB5) SRAT Receipt and SB5 SRAT Product samples. The SB5 SRAT Receipt and SB5 SRAT Product samples were prepared in the SRNL Shielded Cells, and the SRAT Receipt material is representative of the sludge that constitutes the SB5 Batch composition. This is the sludge in Tank 51 that is to be transferred into Tank 40, which will contain the heel of Sludge Batch 4 (SB4), to form the SB5 Blend composition. The results for any one particular element should not be used …

The LBNL 88-Inch Cyclotron offers broad-spectrum neutrons for single event effects testing. We discuss results from this beamline for neutron soft upsets in Xilinx Virtex-4 and -5 field-programmable-gate-array (FPGA) devices.

This note summarizes the results of the 'Workshop on Polarization and Beam Energy Measurements at the ILC', held at DESY (Zeuthen) April 9-11 2008. The topics for the workshop included (1) physics requirements, (2) polarized sources and low energy polarimetry, (3) BDS polarimeters, (4) BDS energy spectrometers, and (5) physics-based measurements of beam polarization and beam energy from collider data. Discussions focused on the current ILC baseline program as described in the Reference Design Report (RDR), which includes physics runs at beam energies between 100 and 250 GeV, as well as calibration runs on the Z-pole. Electron polarization of P{sub e{sup -}} {approx}> 80% and positron polarization of P{sub e{sup +}} {approx}> 30% are part of the baseline configuration of the machine. Energy and polarization measurements for ILC options beyond the baseline, including Z-pole running and the 1 TeV energy upgrade, were also discussed.

Small 4 K coolers are used to cool superconducting magnets.These coolers are usually used with high temperature suerconductor (HTS)leads. In most cases, magnet is shielded with iron or active shieldcoils. Thus the field at the cooler is low. There are instances when thecooler must be in a magnetic field. Gifford McMahon (GM) coolers or pulsetube coolers are commercially available to cool the magnets. This paperwill discuss how the two types of coolers are affected by the straymagnetic field. Strategies for using coolers on magnets that generatestray magnetic fields are discussed.

Using 214 fb{sup -1} of data recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEPII electron-positron collider, they study the decay D{sub s}{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e}. Except for a small S-wave contribution, the events with K{sup +}K{sup -} masses in the range 1.01-1.03 GeV/c{sup 2} correspond to {phi} mesons. For D{sub s}{sup +} {yields} {phi}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e} decays, they measure the relative normalization of the Lorentz invariant form factors at q{sup 2} = 0, r{sub V} = V(0)/A{sub 1}(0) = 1.849 {+-} 0.060 {+-} 0.095, r{sub 2} = A{sub 2}(0)/A{sub 1}(0) = 0.763 {+-} 0.071 {+-} 0.065 and the pole mass of the axial-vector form factors m{sub A} = (2.28{sub -0.18}{sup +0.23} {+-} 0.18) GeV/c{sup 2}. Within the same K{sup +}K{sup -} mass range, they also measure the relative branching fractions {Beta}(D{sub s}{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e})/{Beta}(D{sub s}{sup +} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) - 0.558 {+-} 0.007 {+-} 0.016, from which they obtain the total branching fraction {Beta}(D{sub s}{sup +} {yields} {phi}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e}) = (2.61 {+-} 0.03 {+-} 0.08 {+-} 0.15) x 10{sup -2}. By comparing this value with the predicted decay rate, they extract A{sub 1}(0) = 0.607 {+-} 0.011 {+-} …

A general problem when fitting EXAFS data is determining whether particular parameters are statistically significant. The F-test is an excellent way of determining relevancy in EXAFS because it only relies on the ratio of the fit residual of two possible models, and therefore the data errors approximately cancel. Although this test is widely used in crystallography (there, it is often called a 'Hamilton test') and has been properly applied to EXAFS data in the past, it is very rarely applied in EXAFS analysis. We have implemented a variation of the F-test adapted for EXAFS data analysis in the RSXAP analysis package, and demonstrate its applicability with a few examples, including determining whether a particular scattering shell is warranted, and differentiating between two possible species or two possible structures in a given shell.

The goals of ATF2 are to test a novel compact final focus optics design with local chromaticity correction intended for use in future linear colliders. The newly designed extraction line and final focus system will be used to produce a 37nm vertical waist from an extracted beam from the ATF ring of {approx}30nm vertical normalized emittance, and to stabilize it at the IP-waist to the {approx}2nm level. Static and dynamic tolerances on all accelerator components are very tight; the achievement of the ATF2 goals is reliant on the application of multiple high-level beam dynamics control algorithms to align and tune the electron beam in the extraction line and final focus system. Much algorithmic development work has been done in Japan and by colleagues in collaborating nations in North America and Europe. We describe here development work towards realizing a 'flight simulator' environment for the shared development and implementation of beam dynamics code. This software exists as a 'middle-layer' between the lower-level control systems (EPICS and V-SYSTEM) and the multiple higher-level beam dynamics modeling tools in use by the three regions (SAD, Lucretia, PLACET, MAD...).

The goal of the conference is to enhance the development of improved technologies and new approaches to the identification of genes underlying chemically-induced mutant phenotypes. The conference brings together ENU mutagenesis experts from the United States and aborad for a small, intensive workshop to consider these issues.