Optimizing the Turbo-Roto-Compound (TRC) Engine. Final report (open access)

Optimizing the Turbo-Roto-Compound (TRC) Engine. Final report

Results of multidimensional computations of sprays in a very high pressure constant volume chamber are presented in two parts. Comparisons of computed and measured penetrations of non-vaporizing and vaporizing sprays are presented. A broad range of density ratios (0.005 to 0.243) is covered. It is shown that, provided sufficient numerical resolution is used, the model can adequately reproduce the measurements. Scaling laws for time and distance derived in a previous publication are found to apply also to the sprays over the broad range of density ratios considered. A combustion sub-model that has been used in spark-ignition engines, stratified-charge engines and Diesel engines is included in the model. The combustion sub-model represents low-temperature autoignition and high temperature heat release. Comparisons of computed and measured penetrations of combusting sprays and computed and measured chamber pressures are being made. In this report, only preliminary indicative comparisons of computed and measured chamber pressures for three cases are presented. Agreement of pressures within 5% is shown. The work is ongoing and a detailed report will be presented later.
Date: August 15, 1994
Creator: Abraham, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A hybrid vehicle evaluation code and its application to vehicle design (open access)

A hybrid vehicle evaluation code and its application to vehicle design

This report describes a hybrid vehicle simulation model, which can be applied to many of the vehicles currently being considered for low pollution and high fuel economy. The code operates interactively, with all the vehicle information stored in data files. The code calculates fuel economy for three driving schedules, time for 0-96 km/h at maximum acceleration, hill climbing performance, power train dimensions, and pollution generation rates. This report also documents the application of the code to a hybrid vehicle that operates with a hydrogen internal combustion engine. The simulation model is used for parametric studies of the vehicle. The results show the fuel economy of the vehicle as a function of vehicle mass, aerodynamic drag, engine-generator efficiency, flywheel efficiency, and flywheel energy and power capacities.
Date: July 15, 1994
Creator: Aceves, S. M. & Smith, J. R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A hybrid vehicle evaluation code and its application to vehicle design. Revision 1 (open access)

A hybrid vehicle evaluation code and its application to vehicle design. Revision 1

This paper describes a hybrid vehicle simulation model which can be applied to many of the vehicles currently being considered for low pollution and high fuel economy. The code operates in batch mode with all the vehicle information stored in data files. The code calculates fuel economy for three driving schedules, time for 0--96 km/h at maximum acceleration, hill climbing performance, power train dimensions, and pollution generation rates. This paper also documents the application of the code to a hybrid vehicle that utilizes a hydrogen internal combustion engine. The simulation model is used for parametric studies of the vehicle. The results show the fuel economy of the vehicle as a function of vehicle mass, aerodynamic drag, engine efficiency, accessory load, and flywheel efficiency. The code also calculates the minimum flywheel energy and power to obtain a desired performance. The hydrogen hybrid vehicle analyzed in the paper has a predicted range of 480 km (300 miles), with a gasoline equivalent fuel efficiency of 34.2 km/liter (80.9 mpg).
Date: September 15, 1994
Creator: Aceves, S. M. & Smith, J. R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A preliminary study of extraction solvents for CW-agents and their decomposition products [3:1 (methylene chloride:isopropanol) vs. methylene chloride] (open access)

A preliminary study of extraction solvents for CW-agents and their decomposition products [3:1 (methylene chloride:isopropanol) vs. methylene chloride]

The major focus of this study was to explore the possibility of using different extraction solvents (or solvent combinations) to isolate CW agents and their degradation products from environmental and industrial samples. The general approach for extracting, e.g. water samples, required the use of a 3:1 (methylene chloride:isopropanol) extraction solvent. Although the 3:1 solvent extraction work-up methods provided excellent results in several Inter-laboratory Comparison Tests, the implementation of these methods for CW on-site analysis exercises was difficult (the methods require cumbersome equipment and are labor intensive). However, due to the time, power, and size restraints set forth by the Chemical Warfare Convention (CWC) for a CW on-site inspection, LLNL developed new sample work-up methods. The approach selected by LLNL incorporated solid phase extraction (SPE) techniques. It is evident from this preliminary study that new or previously used extraction solvents should be re-investigated. It was determined that care must be taken in handling the samples prior to NMR measurements. Also, it was determined that the four target compounds used in this study were extracted on average 18% higher with 3:1 (CH{sub 2}Cl{sub 2}: IPA) vs. CH{sub 2}Cl{sub 2}. However, additional target compounds need to be investigated using this extraction solvent to …
Date: September 15, 1994
Creator: Alcaraz, A.; Ward, R. L.; Hulsey, S. S. & Andresen, B. D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of air quality within storage domes in technical area 54, areas G and L (open access)

Measurement of air quality within storage domes in technical area 54, areas G and L

The concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and tritium inside of storage domes at TA-54 were measured to assess worker exposure and support the Area G site characterization, including the Radioactive Air Emissions Management (RAEM) program. Samples were collected at 2-3 locations within Domes 48, 49, and 153 on up to six days during the summer of 1994. Samples were collected to evaluate three scenarios: (1) normal working activities with the domes open; (2) after domes were closed overnight; and (3) after domes were closed for three days. Eight-hour integrated samples were collected and analyzed in Radian`s Austin laboratories. Tritium activities from 17.1 to 69,900 pCi/m{sup 3} were measured. About two dozen individual VOCs were identified in each sample, but most of the concentration levels were very low (e.g.; < 1 to 10 ppbv). The highest concentrations measured were bromomethane (56.5 ppbv), 1, 1,1-trichloroethane (75.4 ppbv), propane (958 ppbv), methylene chloride (1,450 ppbv), and toluene (22.8). The measured VOC concentrations were well below the action levels developed by the New Mexico Environment Department and the measured tritium concentrations were well below the DOE`s derived air concentration (DAC). The variability in concentration within a dome during a single sampling episode was …
Date: March 15, 1994
Creator: Anderson, E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Secondary oil recovery from selected Carter sandstone oilfields -- Black Warrior Basin, Alabama. Quarterly technical progress report, September 1--November 30, 1993 (open access)

Secondary oil recovery from selected Carter sandstone oilfields -- Black Warrior Basin, Alabama. Quarterly technical progress report, September 1--November 30, 1993

Anderman/Smith Operating Co. is operating a secondary oil recovery project involving the Carter sandstone in northwest Alabama. The project objectives are: (1) to increase the ultimate economic recovery of oil from the Carter reservoirs, thereby increasing domestic reserves and lessening US dependence on foreign oil; (2) to extensively model, test, and monitor the reservoirs so their management is optimized; and (3) to assimilate and transfer the information and results gathered to other US oil companies to encourage them to attempt similar projects. As a result of waterflood operations at the Central Buff unit, oil production from the Fowler Brasher 7--9 well increased to 40--50 stb/d in late October, and averaged about 45 stb/d in November with no measurable water production. Production at the Fowler Dodson 8--12 was more erratic during the same period. In October, the oil rate for this well increased to nearly 17 stb/d with no reported water production. However, in November the oil production rate declined to about 9 stb/d with an associated average water rate of nearly 17 bpd. Water analysis showed that this produced water was significantly fresher than the connate water produced prior to waterflood operations. This provides evidence for early breakthrough of water …
Date: January 15, 1994
Creator: Anderson, J. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Dynamic enhanced recovery techniques]. Quarterly technical report, April 1994--June 1994 (open access)

[Dynamic enhanced recovery techniques]. Quarterly technical report, April 1994--June 1994

Global Basins Research Network will perform a field demonstration of their ``Dynamic Enhanced Recovery Technology`` to test the concept that the growth of faults in Eugene Island Block 330 (EI-330 field) are conduits through which producing reservoirs are charged and that enhanced production can be developed by producing directly from the fault zone. The site, operated by Penzoil, is located in 250 feet of water and the productive depth intervals include 4000 to 9000 feet. The field demonstration will be accomplished by drilling and production testing of growth fault systems associated with the EI-330 field. The project utilizes advanced 3-D seismic analysis, geochemical studies, structural and stratigraphic reservoir characterization, reservoir simulation, and compact visualization systems. In this quarterly report, progress reports are presented for the following tasks: Task one--management start-up; Task two--database management; Task three--field demonstration experiment; Task four--reservoir characterization; Task five--modeling; Task six--geochemistry; and Task seven--data integration.
Date: July 15, 1994
Creator: Anderson, R. N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
GBRN/DOE Project: Dynamic enhanced recovery technologies. Quarterly technical report, January 1994--March 1994 (open access)

GBRN/DOE Project: Dynamic enhanced recovery technologies. Quarterly technical report, January 1994--March 1994

Global Basins Research Network will perform a field demonstration of their ``Dynamic Enhanced Recovery Technology`` to test the concept that the growth faults in EI-330 field are conduits through which producing reservoirs are charged and that enhanced production can be developed by producing directly from the fault zone. The site, operated by Penzoil, is located in 250 feet of water the productive depth intervals include 4000 to 9000 feet. Previous work, which incorporated pressure, temperature, fluid flow, heat flow, seismic, production, and well log data, indicated active fluid flow along fault zones. The field demonstration will be accomplished by drilling and production test of growth fault systems associated with the EI-330 field. The project utilizes advanced 3-D seismic analysis, geochemical studies, structural and stratigraphic reservoir characterization, reservoir simulation, and compact visualization systems. The quarterly progress reports contains accomplishments to date for the following tasks: Management start-up; database management; field and demonstration equipment; reservoir characterization, modeling; geochemistry; and data integration.
Date: April 15, 1994
Creator: Anderson, R. N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Non-Salado flow and transport position paper. Revision 1 (open access)

Non-Salado flow and transport position paper. Revision 1

The US Department of Energy (DOE) is preparing to request the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to certify compliance of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) with long-term requirements of the environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Management and Standards for Management and Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-Level and Transuranic Waste (40 CFR Part 191). The DOE must also demonstrate compliance with the long-term requirements of the Land Disposal Restrictions of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (40 CFR Part 268.6). Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) has ben conducting iterative performance assessments (PAs) for the the WIPP to provide guidance to the project on the technical activities required to determine long-term performance of the WIPP disposal system. The most recent PA was conducted in 1992. The objectives of this paper are to: (1) Identify and describe the relationship between non-Salado hydrology and the array of scenarios that might be relevant to the long-term performance of the repository. (2) Identify and describe the array of conceptual and mechanistic models that are required to evaluate the scenarios for the purpose of compliance. (3) Identify and describe the data/information that are required to support the conceptual and mechanistic models.
Date: December 15, 1994
Creator: Axness, C.; Beauheim, R. & Behl, Y.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
An evaluation of optical tool inspection and compensation technologies. CRADA final report for CRADA Number Y-1291-0052 (open access)

An evaluation of optical tool inspection and compensation technologies. CRADA final report for CRADA Number Y-1291-0052

A Cooperative Research And Development Agreement (CRADA) was established April 1992 between Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. and United Technologies Corporation, Pratt and Whitney Division to evaluate the existing applicability of the Energy Systems optical tool inspection and compensation system (OTICS) for use at Pratt and Whitney`s East Hartford Plant. The OTICS was developed at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant and optically measures the shape of a single point cutting tool. The tool shape inspection provides process information relating to tool wear and if desired the tool shape geometry can be used to generate a new numerical control machining program that is compensated for the tool forms errors. The tool wear measurement capability of OTICS was successfully evaluated in the Phase-1 testing. The testing verified that OTICS can easily detect tool wear and the {+-} 0.0001 inch resolution obtained was sufficient for the larger cutter inserts used by Pratt and Whitney (P and W). During the tool wear experiments at P and W, a second potential use identified for OTICS was the accurate on-machine dimensional verification of special ground contour forming tools. The OTICS tool path compensation experiment demonstrated the varied technologies that are integrated in the tool path compensation …
Date: May 15, 1994
Creator: Babelay, E. F.; Centola, J.; Zorger, W. & Serafin, W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The DOE subsurface microbial culture collection at Florida State University. Interim technical report, 15 August 1993--15 March 1994 (open access)

The DOE subsurface microbial culture collection at Florida State University. Interim technical report, 15 August 1993--15 March 1994

This research is a renewal of a project to support research in the Deep Microbiology Subprogram of the Subsurface Science Program, by maintaining a culture collection of microorganisms isolated from subsurface environments (SMCC). Approximately 2,400 new subsurface microbial isolates were incorporated into the SMCC during the period August 15, 1993 to March 15, 1994. Colony morphological characteristics were determined for each of the 2,400 newly incorporated strains. Cell morphological characteristics were determined for 1,100 of the new isolates, and 21 selected physiological traits were determined for 2,200 of the new isolates.
Date: March 15, 1994
Creator: Balkwill, D. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Test plan for Enraf Series 854 level gauge wire testing (open access)

Test plan for Enraf Series 854 level gauge wire testing

An Enraf Series 854 level gauge was installed on tank 241-S-106 during the first week of June 1994. On August 11, 1994, the gauge`s stainless steel measuring wire broke. After examination and laboratory analysis, it was determined that the wire broke due to severe chloride ion corrosion. It is suspected that the chloride ion contamination came from the radiation induced breakdown of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) riser liner. It is well documented that the breakdown of PVC due to radiation produces chloride containing compounds. This document provides a qualification test plan to remove and have analyzed the wire in all of the Enraf Series 854 that have been installed to date. These tests will confirm the presence or absence of chloride ions in the PVC liners and/or on the Enraf measuring wires installed in the tanks. This test will involve removing the 316 stainless steel wire drums from all of the existing Enraf Series 854 level gauges that have been installed. New 316 stainless steel wire drums shall be installed into the gauges and the gauges will be placed back into service. The wire that is removed from the gauges shall be sent to the 222-S Lab or the Pacific …
Date: September 15, 1994
Creator: Barnes, G. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Test plan for demonstrating plutonium extraction from 10-L solutions using EIChrom extraction chromatographic resins (open access)

Test plan for demonstrating plutonium extraction from 10-L solutions using EIChrom extraction chromatographic resins

Corrosive plutonium solutions stored in 10-L containers at the Plutonium Finishing Plant must be treated to convert the plutonium to a safe, solid form for storage and to remove the americium so that radiation exposure can be reduced. Extraction chromatographic resins will be tested for separating plutonium from these solutions in the laboratory. Separation parameters will be developed during the testing for large scale processing of the 10-L solutions and solutions of similar composition. Use of chromatographic resins will allow plutonium separation with minimum of chemical addition to the feed and without the need for plutonium valence adjustment. The separated plutonium will be calcined to plutonium oxide by direct solution calcination.
Date: August 15, 1994
Creator: Barney, G. S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of oil and gas waste disposal practices and assessment of treatment costs. [Quarterly] report, April 1, 1994--June 30, 1994 (open access)

Characterization of oil and gas waste disposal practices and assessment of treatment costs. [Quarterly] report, April 1, 1994--June 30, 1994

This report covers work completed during the seventh quarter for the project. The project consists of three tasks: the first relates to developing a database of waste volumes and disposal methods used by the industry; the second and third tasks are aimed at investigating technologies that could be used for the treatment of produced waters and developing cost estimates for those technologies. The remainder of this report describes progress related to the three tasks in the project. Overall, the majority of data analyses using information from the PED have been completed. A detailed correlation between well completions and a variety of environmental characteristics in the eight counties in Texas was developed. In terms of the treatment of produced water, much of the work in the past quarter was. focused on analyzing the costs associated with treatment using reverse osmosis and package treatment plants.
Date: July 15, 1994
Creator: Bedient, P. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Systems and economic analysis of microalgae ponds for conversion of CO{sub 2} to biomass. Quarterly technical progress report, September 1993--December 1993 (open access)

Systems and economic analysis of microalgae ponds for conversion of CO{sub 2} to biomass. Quarterly technical progress report, September 1993--December 1993

This report provides an economic analysis and feasibility study for the utilization by microalgal systems of carbon dioxide generated from coal-fired power plants. The resulting biomass could be a fuel substitute for fossil fuels.
Date: January 15, 1994
Creator: Benemann, J. R. & Oswald, W. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hanford spent fuel inventory baseline (open access)

Hanford spent fuel inventory baseline

This document compiles technical data on irradiated fuel stored at the Hanford Site in support of the Hanford SNF Management Environmental Impact Statement. Fuel included is from the Defense Production Reactors (N Reactor and the single-pass reactors; B, C, D, DR, F, H, KE and KW), the Hanford Fast Flux Test Facility Reactor, the Shipping port Pressurized Water Reactor, and small amounts of miscellaneous fuel from several commercial, research, and experimental reactors.
Date: July 15, 1994
Creator: Bergsman, K. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geophysical survey for proposed borehole 199-K-108A, 100-K Area (open access)

Geophysical survey for proposed borehole 199-K-108A, 100-K Area

The objective of the electromagnetic survey was to locate subsurface obstructions that may affect the drilling of proposed borehole, 199-K-108A, about 75 ft southeast of the 105 KW Building, 100-K Area. Based upon the results of the survey, possible drill sites within the zone, with the least likelihood of encountering identified obstructions, were identified.
Date: February 15, 1994
Creator: Bergstrom, K. A. & Mitchell, T. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Department of Energy Plutonium ES&H Vulnerability Assessment Savannah River Site interim compensatory measures (open access)

Department of Energy Plutonium ES&H Vulnerability Assessment Savannah River Site interim compensatory measures

The Savannah River Site (SRS) has recently completed a self-assessment of potential vulnerabilities associated with plutonium and other transuranic materials stored at the site. An independent Working Group Assessment Team (WGAT) appointed by DOE/ES&H also performed an independent assessment, and reviewed and validated the site self-assessment. The purpose of this report is to provide a status of interim compensatory measures at SRS to address hazards in advance of any corrective actions. ES&H has requested this status for all vulnerabilities ranked medium or higher with respect to potential consequences to workers, environment, and the public.
Date: September 15, 1994
Creator: Bickford, W. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conceptual design for the STAR barrel electromagnetic calorimeter support rings (open access)

Conceptual design for the STAR barrel electromagnetic calorimeter support rings

The STAR electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) will be used to measure the energy of photons and electrons from collisions of beams of particles in the RHIC accelerator under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The present design is documented in the EMC Conceptual Design Report, and consists of a cylindrical barrel and two flat endcap calorimeter sections. The barrel EMC will consist of 120 modules, each subtending 6{degrees} in azimuthal angle about the beam ({phi}), and half the barrel length. Each module will be subdivided into ``towers`` of alternating scintillator and lead, which project to the nominal interaction point. There is a strong coupling between the designs for the EMC and for the conventional solenoidal magnet, which will be located immediately outside the barrel EMC. For example, the inner radius of the magnet must be minimized to lower costs and to reduce the STAR detector`s outer diameter to fit within constraints of the existing detector building. This condition requires the calorimeter modules to be just thick enough to accomplish physics goals and to support their weight with small deflections. This note describes progress in the design of the EMC support rings. Several ring designs and methods of construction have been considered. In …
Date: February 15, 1994
Creator: Bielick, E.; Fornek, T.; Spinka, H. & Underwood, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A study of the Teachers` Academy for Mathematics and Science (open access)

A study of the Teachers` Academy for Mathematics and Science

The Teachers` Academy for Mathematics and Science in Chicago (TAMS) is a freestanding institution founded in 1989 by scientists and a variety of other stakeholders, to advance the systemic reform of mathematics and science education in Chicago`s public schools. It focuses on the ``re-tooling`` of its elementary level teachers. The TAMS program, which has been funded in part by the DOE, contributes to strategic goals two through five of the Office of University and Science Education (OUSE). This evaluation of TAMS by the National Center for Improving Science Education is primarily a qualitative study that summarizes the history and current status of the organization and its programs. Data was obtained through extensive interviews, observations, and document review, using a framework of templates to guide data collection and analyses. The findings are organized around a series of lessons learned from the first three years of TAMS and conclusions about its current status.
Date: September 15, 1994
Creator: Brett, B.; Scheirer, M.A. & Raizen, S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pyrochemical processing of Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) High Level Waste (HLW) calcine (open access)

Pyrochemical processing of Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) High Level Waste (HLW) calcine

Inertial force damping control by micromanipulator modulation is proposed to suppress the vibrations of a micro/macro-manipulator system. The proposed controller, developed using classical control theory, is added to the existing control system. The proposed controller uses real-time measurements of macro-manipulator flexibility to adjust the motion of the micro manipulator to counteract structural vibrations. Experimental studies using an existing micro/macro flexible link manipulator testbed demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach to suppression of vibrations in the macro/micro-manipulator system using micromanipulator-based inertial active damping control.
Date: November 15, 1994
Creator: Bronson, M. C.; Ebbinghaus, B. B.; Riley, D. C.; Nelson, L. & Del Debbio, J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
200 Area TEDF interface control document (open access)

200 Area TEDF interface control document

Because the TEDF does not have any treatment or retention capacity, strict control at the generator interface is essential to operate the TEDF in compliance with good engineering practices, Hanford site requirements, and the 216 Discharge Permit. The information in the Interface Control Document (ICD) forms the basis of understanding between all parties involved in the TEDF; DOE, WHC, and the generating facilities. The ICD defines the controlling document hierarchy; LEF, and generator responsibilities; monitoring and sampling requirements; and specifies the TEDF/Generator Interface points.
Date: November 15, 1994
Creator: Brown, M. J. & Hildebrand, R. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Position paper on gas generation in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (open access)

Position paper on gas generation in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant

Gas generation by transuranic (TRU) waste is a significant issue because gas will, if produced in significant quantities, affect the performance of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) with respect to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations for the long-term isolation of radioactive and chemically hazardous waste. If significant gas production occurs, it will also affect, and will be affected by, other processes and parameters in WIPP disposal rooms. The processes that will produce gas in WIPP disposal rooms are corrosion, microbial activity and radiolysis. This position paper describes these processes and the models, assumptions and data used to predict gas generation in WIPP disposal rooms.
Date: November 15, 1994
Creator: Brush, L. H.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Project specific quality assurance plan for Project W-178, 219-S secondary containment (open access)

Project specific quality assurance plan for Project W-178, 219-S secondary containment

The scope of this Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP) is to provide a system of Quality Assurance reviews and verifications on the design, procurement and construction of the 219-S Secondary Containment Upgrade. The reviews and verifications will be on activities associated with design, procurement, and construction of the Secondary Containment Upgrade which includes, but is not limited to demolition, removal, new tank installation, tank 103 isolation, tank cell refurbishment, electrical, instrumentation, piping/tubing including supports, pump and valves, and special coatings. The full project scope is defined in the project Functional Design Criteria (FDC), SD-W178-FDC-001, and all activities must be in compliance with this FDC and related design documentation.
Date: January 15, 1994
Creator: Buckles, D. I.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library