That portion of the Hawaiian energy self-sufficiency program which is related to a conceptual use of geothermal heat for industrial and agricultural applications is discussed. It is concluded that a direct heat geothermal industrial park located near Pahoa, Hawaii appears feasible. (MHR)

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Fusion is examined against the yardstick of fission technology with respect to inventories of radioactivity (and associated Biological Hazard Potentials), routine emissions, accident pathways and consequences, radioactive-waste management, and misuse of nuclear materials. Based on conceptual designs of Tokamak fusion reactors with stainless steel structure and tritium inventories of 10 kg per thermal gigawatt, the apparent advantage of fusion is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude in most indices of radiological hazards. Fusion's advantage is 2 to 5 orders of magnitude in comparing damage potential of intentional airborne dispersal of tritium and plutonium, and nonexistent in comparing medium-term radwaste hazard potential (1000 to 100,000 years) and intentional waterborne dispersal of tritium and plutonium. Fusion appears to have some qualitative advantages with respect to accident pathways and safeguards considerations. Fusion has the theoretical potential for improvements of 1 to 2 additional orders of magnitude in short-term BHPs and 3 orders of magnitude and more in radwaste BHPs after 10 years if vanadium-titanium alloy can be used in place of stainless steel in the reactor structure. Other important unresolved questions are how much the inventory of tritium can be reduced by ingenious design, and what fraction of a fusion reactor's activation products …

It would be very desirable if an independent method other than radiochemical measurement were available to determine the yields of low-yield events in the alluviums and tuffs of areas 2, 9, and 10 at the Nevada Test Site. The successful application of slifers to the measurement of yields from high-yield events suggests that under some conditions they may also be usable with low-yield events. This view is supported by the evidence discussed here, which is based on direct experience with slifer yield measurements for low-yield events in porous media. Suggested methods for improving slifer yield determinations and a method for determining yields independent of radiochemical measurements are offered.

The general purpose of this research program was to develop a basic understanding of the physical and chemical processes in entrained coal gasification and to use the results to improve and evaluate an entrained gasification computer model. The first task included the collection and analysis of in-situ gasifier data at elevated pressures with three coal types (North Dakota lignite, Wyoming subbituminous and Illinois bituminous), the design, construction, and testing of new coal/oxygen/steam injectors with a fourth coal type (Utah bituminous), the collection of supporting turbulent fluid dynamic (LDV) data from cold-flow studies, and the investigation of the feasibility of using laser-based (CARS) daignostic instruments to make measurements in coal flames. The second task included improvements to the two-dimensional gasifier submodels, tabulation and evaluation of new coal devolatilization and char oxidation data for predictions, fundamental studies of turbulent particle dispersion, the development of improved numerical methods, and validation of the comprehensive model through comparison of predictions with experimental results. The third task was to transfer technical advances to industry and to METC through technical seminars, production of a detailed data book, code placement, and publication of results. Research results for these three tasks are summarized briefly here and presented in detail …

Three forms of potential geothermal energy may exist in the State of Texas: hot rocks in the Trans Pecos region, convection type geothermal water in the Rio Grande Rift basin, and geopressured geothermal water along the Gulf Coast. Of these, only the geopressured waters have been verified. Exploration wells for oil and gas have established the presence of deep hot water deposits along the coastal area, offshore and inland for 75 miles. These exist in thick shale and sand beds in the geopressured zone. The most favorable area appears to be at depths of 12,000 to 15,000 feet where the temperatures range from 300 to 400/sup 0/F. Indications are that a series of relatively small, 10 to 50 megawatt, power plants could be located along the coastal plain of Texas. These plants could produce at least 20,000 megawatts and possibly as much as 100,000 megawatts under the most favorable conditions. Cost of the power appears to be in the range of 25 to 35 mills per kilowatt hour in 1980 providing the water is saturated with natural gas which could be sold to offset some of the cost. If the gas is present, at least 6 billion cubic feet per …

The absolute sensitivities of several different types of x-ray detectors were measured between 183 eV and 932 eV. The photons in this energy range were produced by bombarding thin, water-cooled, metal targets with protons from a Cockcroft-Walton ion accelerator. The detectors measured included a silicon-semiconductor detector, two photoelectric-diode detectors employing aluminum and gold photocathodes, and three detectors incorporating plastic scintillators and photodiodes.

Separate abstracts were prepared for the three included sections. (MOW)

The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO[sub x]) and sulfur (SO[sub x]) on two coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices: tangential and cyclone fired. Work on a third unit, wall fired, has been stopped because of funding limitations. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO[sub x] and 50 percent in SO[sub x] emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO[sub x] is converted to N[sub 2]. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. So[sub x] emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace. The sorbents trap SO[sub x] as solid sulfates that are collected in the particulate control device. This project is conducted in three phases at each site: (1) Design and Permitting; (2) Construction and Startup; …

The sequential simplex method has been used to estimate the extent of disproportionation of tetravalent plutonium in dilute acid. A method for simulating potentiometric titrations is proposed, and this method suggests that the stoichiometric end point and the inflection point may not always correspond in the potentiometric titration of plutonium. A possible characteristic equation for the nitrite-plutonium reaction is illustrated, and the method of proportional equations is extended to the iron-plutonium reaction.

The faciliies described will provide a direct route from the 241-S-151 and 241-U-151 Diversion Boxes to the 241-SY Tanks. The 244-S Catch Station will consist of a 20,000 gallon primary tank contained within a concrete vault lined with carbon steel. Encased three-inch carbon steel process lines will be extended to the catch station pump pit from the 241-SY Tank Farm, the 241-S-151 Diversion Box and the 241-U-151 Diversion Box encasement. The facility will have its own ventilation system for exhausting the primary tank and the annulus area. A small instrument shack will house locally mounted instrumentation and controls. Existing designs for Project B-103 will be used where similarities exist (H-2-38200). The project is expected to cost $1,900,000 and require 19 months for the initiation of Title I design until construction is complete.

Evaluation of the NDA measurement results for the plutonium content of the first sixteen canisters of soil removed from the 216-Z-9 Crib Mining Facility has been completed. Results from the Soil Assay Monitor System (SAMS) were found to be biased 25 to 55 percent high in relation to the Segmented Gamma Scan Assay System (SGSAS) measurements. Within experimental error, this bias can be explained on the basis of differences in matrix density between the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratories (LASL)-prepared calibration standards and the mined soil, and to the inability of the SAMS instrument to correct for these differences. The major reason for this matrix density difference is due to the high moisture and organic content of the Z-9 surface soils when compared to the simulated standards. Correction factors have been calculated which provide for adjustment of SAMS analytical results. These factors have been used to correct the SAMS results of the original sixteen canisters, the succeeding six canisters, and remeasurements of two of the original canister group. It is recommended that derived correction factors be applied on a test basis for the remainder of the fifty canister analytical test, at which time a further evaluation will be performed. Both NDA …

The interim report is submitted for review and critique prior to preparation of a subsequent report that will complete the summary of pre-experimental turbulent design analysis. The reported work is in support of the D-Division ''Rainout'' program. Experimental facility design, diagnostics development, and concept evolution are under the guidance of General Chemistry. Preliminary analysis, results, predictions, and suggestions here are fluid dynamic considerations on the design of the turbulent attachment rate experiments. Timely publication of these current results is essential in order to meet experimental design schedules. The final LLL report will consist of these results and analyses, additions requested by the program reviewers, and an additional study emphasizing detailed turbulence structure and energy spectral considerations.

The study of a process for the low cost production of silane included laboratory investigations of the kinetics of the redistribution of dichlorosilane and trichlorosilane vapor over a tertiary amine ion exchange resin catalyst. The hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/ to form HSiCl/sub 3/ and the direct synthesis of H/sub 2/SiCl/sub 2/ from HCl gas and metallurigical silicon metal were also studied. The purification of SiH/sub 4/ using activated carbon adsorbent was studied along with a process for storing SiH/sub 4/ adsorbed on carbon. The latter makes possible a higher volumetric efficiency than the current practice of compressed gas storage. The mini-plant designed to produce ten pounds per day of SiH/sub 4/ is nearly complete, a detailed description of the unit and its essential design features are given.

In the first of two sections of this report, Appendix A, results of a petrophysical study performed on seven wells in the East Mesa area of the Imperial Valley of California are reported. The wells were drilled on and around the geothermal anomaly that constitutes the East Mesa Field. The study was subdivided into two tasks, the first dealing with three recently drilled wells, the second dealing with four older wells that lie off the geothermal anomaly. The three new wells are: Republic Geothermal 38-30, Republic Geothermal 16-29 and Republic Geothermal 18-28. The older wells are: Magma Sharp, Border Barbara, American Petrofina No. 27 and Texaco Grupe-Engebretson. In each case the objective of the petrophysical study was to determine porosities, permeabilities and salinities in requested intervals, together with the selection of the best sand/shale discriminator. The computed results are reported in table and listing form to show average values of porosity, horizontal and vertical permeabilities together with gross interval, net sand, percent sand and darcy-feet tabulations, layered in 250' intervals throughout each well. The second section of this report, Appendix B, is devoted to details of the drilling prognosis for the three geothermal wells to be drilled by the Bureau …

DODT (Display Octal Debugging Technique) is a program written for the MCS-8 that allows the user to modify a program via the solid-state keyboard. The program occupies 766 octal words. The minimum system requirements for using DODT are as follows: MCS-8 computer set with TV display option and Solid State Keyboard option; DODT programmable read only memories (PROM) at memory page 000 and 001; 256 word (RAM) at page 10. (RWR)

For the past 40 years, the Savannah River Site (SRS) has been subjected to numerous geological and geotechnical investigations in support of facility construction and waste site development and remediation. Over this period,.a variety of different subcontractors have collected large quantities of geoscience data. In addition, current programs involve numerous investigators from different departments, and consequently, earth science data and interpretations are scattered among the departments, investigators, and subcontractors at SRS. As a result, scientific and management decisions cannot take advantage of the significant body of information that exists at SRS. Recent DOE Orders (Systematic Evaluation Program, 1991) have put specific requirements on their contractors to compile geological databases to coordinate DOE site data gathering and interpretations, and to assist in compiling safety analysis reports. The Earth Science Advisory Committee and the Environmental Advisory Committee have also made specific recommendations on the management of SRS geoscience data. This plan describes a management system to identify, communicate, and compile SRS geological (including geohydrologic), seismological, and geotechnical (656) data and interpretations on a Geographic Information System (GIS).

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) requires that pulses from each of the 192 laser beams be positioned on target with an accuracy of 50 {micro}m rms. Beam quality must be sufficient to focus a total of 1.8 MJ of 0.351-{micro}m light into a 600-{micro}m-diameter volume. An optimally flat beam wavefront can achieve this pointing and focusing accuracy. The control system corrects wavefront aberrations by performing closed-loop compensation during laser alignment to correct for gas density variations. Static compensation of flashlamp-induced thermal distortion is established just prior to the laser shot. The control system compensates each laser beam at 10 Hz by measuring the wavefront with a 77-lenslet Hartmann sensor and applying corrections with a 39-actuator deformable mirror. The distributed architecture utilizes SPARC AXi computers running Solaris to perform real-time image processing of sensor data and PowerPC-based computers running VxWorks to compute mirror commands. A single pair of SPARC and PowerPC processors accomplishes wavefront control for a group of eight beams. The software design uses proven adaptive optic control algorithms that are implemented in a multi-tasking environment to economically control the beam wavefronts in parallel. Prototype tests have achieved a closed-loop residual error of 0.03 waves rms. aberrations, the spot size …

This document summarizes the status of sample fabrication and analysis in the Form Development Sample Test Matrix. Since its publication in the ''Baseline Formulation'' report (UCRL-ID- 133089, PIP-99-O 12) and in the ''Complete Single-Phase Sample Fabrications that Support the Licensing Application and Complete Process and Compositional Extreme Sample Fabrications that Support the Licensing Application'' report (PIP-99-078), the Sample Test Matrix has been updated and expanded. This version is current though September 30, 1999.

Rotational bands in {sup 175}Lu have been extended through investigation with the (n,n{prime}{gamma}) reaction. Spallation neutrons bombarded Lu samples, and the resulting {gamma} rays were detected in a large-scale Compton-suppressed Ge detector array. Prompt- and delayed-{gamma}{gamma} coincidences have been used to extend most of the existing known bands, and to tentatively assign a new band, based on the 7/2{sup -}[523] configuration, from its band head to spin 13/2. The 3-quasiparticle K{sup {pi}} = 19/2{sup +} isomer is confirmed and its half life determined to be 984 {+-} 13(stat.) {+-} 30(sys.) {micro}s, in agreement with previous results.

The {sup 193}Ir(n,n'){sup 193m}Ir cross section for the production of the 80-keV isomer in {sup 193}Ir is evaluated using a combination of experimental data and nuclear reaction modeling, from threshold to about 20 MeV. Four discrete {gamma} lines feeding the isomer were recently observed with the GEANIE {gamma}-ray detector at LANSCE. Theoretical calculations of the nuclear reaction mechanisms in play are then carried out to evaluate the contributions not accounted for in the experimental setup (direct population; fraction of {gamma}-lines not observed in the experiment; etc). Experiment and modeling are then combined to provide a total cross section for the production of the Iridium isomer. We finally compare our result with activation measurement data available for a few energy points.

The spontaneous decay of the K{sup {pi}} = 16{sup +}, 31-year {sup 178m2}Hf isomer has been investigated with a 15 kBq source placed at the center of a 20-element {gamma}-ray spectrometer. High-multipolarity M4 and E5 transitions, which represent the first definitive observation of direct {gamma}-ray emission from the isomer, have been identified, together with other low-intensity transitions. Branching ratios for these other transitions have elucidated the spin dependence of the mixing between the two known K{sup {pi}} = 8{sup -} bands. The M4 and E5 {gamma}-ray decays are the first strongly K-forbidden transitions to be identified with such high multipolarities, and demonstrate a consistent extension of K-hindrance systematics, with an inhibition factor of approximately 100 per degree of K forbiddenness. Some unplaced transitions are also reported.

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