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Federal Emergency Management Information System (FEMIS)
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Analysis of Devonian Black Shales in Kentucky for Potential Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Enhanced Natural Gas Production Quarterly Report
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Application of Reservoir Characterization and Advanced Technology to Improve Recovery and Economics in a Lower Quality Shallow Shelf San Andres Reservoir Progress Report
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Development of Continuous Solvent Extraction Processes for Coal Derived Carbon Products Quarterly Report
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Crystal field in the heavy fermion compound CeAl{sub 3}.
Although the crystal field has a strong influence on the heavy fermion properties of CeAl{sub 3}, the parameters of the crystal field Hamiltonian have not been established. We present the results of an analysis of inelastic neutron scattering data on CeAl{sub 3} to resolve this issue. By combining the neutron scattering results with measurements of the single crystal magnetic susceptibility, we have obtained an unambiguous set of crystal field parameters in CeAl{sub 3}: B{sub 2}{sup 0} = (5.8 {+-} 0.2) x 10{sup {minus}2} meV and B{sub 4}{sup 0} = (2.3 {+-} 0.1) x 10{sup {minus}2} meV. The corresponding level scheme of the ground multiplet of the Ce{sup 3+} ion is characterized by a {Lambda}{sub 9} {vert_bar} {+-} 3/2> ground state doublet and two close-lying excited doublets {Lambda}{sub 8} {vert_bar} {+-} 5/2> and {Lambda}{sub 7} {vert_bar} {+-} 1/2> at an energy of {approximately} 6.4 meV at 20 K. A comparison of the crystal field parameters along the RAl{sub 3} (R = Ce, Pr and Nd) series of isostructural compounds shows that in CeAl{sub 3}, A{sub 2}{sup 0} <r{sup 2}> is an order of magnitude larger, and A{sub 4}{sup 0} <R{sup 4}> is three times larger, than in PrAl{sub 3} and NdAl{sub …
Date:
September 11, 1998
Creator:
Goremychkin, E. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deep Levels in p- and n-type InGaAsN for High Efficiency Multi-Junction III-V Solar Cells
Red Teaming is an advanced form of assessment that can be used to identify weaknesses in a variety of cyber systems. it is especially beneficial when the target system is still in development when designers can readily affect improvements. This paper discusses the red team analysis process and the author's experiences applying this process to five selected Information Technology Office (ITO) projects. Some detail of the overall methodology, summary results from the five projects, and lessons learned are contained within this paper.
Date:
November 11, 1999
Creator:
Allerman, Andrew A.; Jones, Eric D.; Kaplar, Robert J.; Kurtz, Steven R.; Kwon, Daewon & Ringel, Steven A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
First Lasing of a High-Gain Harmonic Generation Free-Electron Laser Experiment.
We report on the first lasing of a high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) free-electron laser (FEL). The experiment was conducted at the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). This is a BNL experiment in collaboration with the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory. A preliminary measurement gives a high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) pulse energy that is 2 x 10{sup 7} times larger than the spontaneous radiation, In a purely self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) mode of operation, the signal was measured as 10 times larger than the spontaneous radiation in the same distance ({approximately}2 m) through the same wiggler. This means the HGHG signal is 2 x 10{sup 6} times larger than the SASE signal. To obtain the same saturated output power by the SASE process, the radiator would have to be 3 times longer (6 m).
Date:
September 11, 1999
Creator:
Babzien, M.; Ben-Zvi, Ilan; Biedron, S. G.; DiMauro, L. F.; Douryan, A.; Galayda, J. N. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Simulation of Experimental Background using FLUKA
In November 1997, Experiment T423 began acquiring data with the intentions of understanding the energy spectra of high-energy neutrons generated in the interaction of electrons with lead. The following describes a series of FLUKA simulations studying (1) particle yields in the absence of all background; (2) the background caused from scattering in the room; (3) the effects of the thick lead shielding which surrounded the detector; (4) the sources of neutron background created in this lead shielding; and (5) the ratio of the total background to the ideal yield. In each case, particular attention is paid to the neutron yield.
Date:
May 11, 1999
Creator:
Rokni, Sayed
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Jahn-Teller splitting and Zeeman effect of acceptors in diamond.
Employing the high resolution of a 5+4 tandem Fabry-Perot interferometer, we discovered that {Delta}{prime}, the Raman active electronic transition between the spin-orbit split 1s(p{sub 3/2}): {Lambda}{sub 8} and 1s(P{sub 1/2}) {Lambda}{sub 7} acceptor ground states, is a doublet for a boron impurity in diamond with a clearly resolved spacing of 0.81 {+-} 0.15 cm{sup {minus}1}. The direct observation of a Stokes/anti-Stokes pair with 0.80 {+-} 0.04 cm{sup {minus}1} shift provides a striking confirmation that the lower 1s(p{sub 3/2}): {Lambda}{sub 8} ground state has experienced a splitting due to a static Jahn-Teller distortion. The Zeeman effect of {Delta}{prime} has been investigated with a magnetic field along several crystallographic directions. Theory of the Zeeman effect, formulated in terms of the symmetry of the substitutional acceptor and the Luttinger parameters of the valence band, allows quantitative predictions of the relative intensities of the Zeeman components in full agreement with experiments. The observation of transitions within the {Lambda}{sub 8} Zeeman multiplet, i.e., the Raman-electron-paramagnetic-resonances, is yet another novel feature to emerge from the present study. The investigation has also yielded g-factors characterizing the Zeeman multiplets.
Date:
September 11, 1999
Creator:
Anthony, T. R.; Grimsditch, M.; Kim, H.; Ramdas, A. K. & Rodriguez, S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fiscal Year 1999 memorandum of understanding for the TWRS characterization project
During fiscal year 1999, the level of success achieved by the Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) shall be determined by specific performance measures. These measures take the form of significant deliverables, one of which is the completion of Tank Characterization Reports (TCRS). In order to achieve success regarding the TCR performance deliverable, multiple organizations across TWRS must work together. Therefore, the requirements and expectations needed from each of these TWRS organizations were examined in order to gain an understanding of the performance necessary from each organization to achieve the end deliverable. This memorandum of understanding (MOU) documents the results of this review and establishes the performance criteria by which TWRS will assess its progress and success. These criteria have been determined based upon a TWRS Characterization Project budget of $42.1 million for fiscal year 1999; if this budget is changed or the currently identified workscope is modified, this MOU will need to be revised accordingly. This MOU is subdivided into six sections, where sections three through six each identify individual interfaces between TWRS organizations. The specific performance criteria related to each TWRS organizational interface are then delineated in the section, along with any additional goals or issues pertaining to that …
Date:
November 11, 1998
Creator:
HUNT, J.W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Validation of a Photovoltaic Module Energy Ratings Procedure at NREL
The procedure determines the energy production of a PV module for five reference days. The reference days represent possible operating environments and are qualitatively described as Hot Sunny, Cold Sunny, Hot Cloudy, Cold Cloudy, and Nice. Based on statistical weather criteria, these days were selected from the National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB). Besides the hourly solar radiation and meteorological data from the NSRDB, the reference days include air mass, angle of incidence, plane of array, and spectral irradiance for a south-facing PV module at latitude tilt, battery-charging voltage, and parameters f1 and f2 for determining PV module temperature. Indoor I-V curve measurements over a range of temperatures and irradiances characterize the electrical performance of a PV module and are used to determine factors to correct for non-linear performance when irradiance and temperature vary. They also serve as a matrix of reference I-V curves for translating to reference-day condition s. The sensitivity of a PV module to variations in the spectral distribution of the incident radiation is accounted for by using an incident irradiance. Differences in PV module thermal characteristics are accounted for by using a PV module's installed nominal operating cell temperature (INOCT) for input to the Fuentes temperature model. …
Date:
August 11, 1999
Creator:
Marion, B.; Kroposki, B.; Emery, K.; del Cueto, J.; Myers, D. & Osterwald, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Implementation of improved interactive image analysis at the Advanced Photon Source (APC) linac.
An image-analysis system, based on commercially available data visualization software (IDL [1]), allows convenient interaction with image data while still providing calculated beam parameters at a rate of up to 2 Hz. Image data are transferred from the IOC to the workstation via EPICS [2] channel access. A custom EPICS record was created in order to overcome the channel access limit of 16k bytes per array. The user can conveniently calibrate optical transition radiation (OTR) and fluorescent screens, capture background images, acquire and average a series of images, and specify several other filtering and viewing options. The images can be saved in either IDL format or APS-standard format (SDDS [3]), allowing for rapid postprocessing of image data by numerous other software tools.
Date:
September 11, 1998
Creator:
Arnold, N.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Shielding analysis for the 300 area light water reactor spent nuclear fuel within a modified multi-canister overpack canister in a modified multi-canister overpack cask
Spent light water reactor fuel is to be moved out of the 324 Building. It is anticipated that intact fuel assemblies will be loaded in a modified Multi-Canister Overpack Canister, which in turn will be placed in an Overpack Transportation Cask. An estimate of gamma ray dose rates from a transportation cask is desired.
Date:
April 11, 1997
Creator:
Gedeon, S.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FMEF Electrical single line diagram and panel schedule verification process
Since the FMEF did not have a mission, a formal drawing verification program was not developed, however, a verification process on essential electrical single line drawings and panel schedules was established to benefit the operations lock and tag program and to enhance the electrical safety culture of the facility. The purpose of this document is to provide a basis by which future landlords and cognizant personnel can understand the degree of verification performed on the electrical single lines and panel schedules. It is the intent that this document be revised or replaced by a more formal requirements document if a mission is identified for the FMEF.
Date:
November 11, 1998
Creator:
Fong, S. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rayleigh-taylor instability growth experiments in a cylindrically convergent geometry
Convergent geometry Rayleigh-Taylor experiments have been performed with a 122-point detonation initiation system on cylinders having sinusoidal perturbations on the outer surface ranging from mode-6 to mode-36. Experiments were performed with various perturbation mode numbers, perturbation amplitudes, and ring accelerations. Feedthrough perturbation growth on the inner surface was observed in several experiments, and in one experiment the feed through perturbation underwent a phase inversion. These experimental results were found to be in good agreement with linear, small-amplitude analysis of feedthrough growth in an incompressible, cylindrically convergent geometry.
Date:
June 11, 1997
Creator:
Weir, S. T., LLNL
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Genesis Eco Systems, Inc. soil washing process
The Genesis soil washing system is an integrated system of modular design allowing for maximum material handling capabilities, with optimized use of space for site mobility. The Surfactant Activated Bio-enhanced Remediation Equipment-Generation 1 (SABRE-1, Patent Applied For) modification was developed specifically for removing petroleum byproducts from contaminated soils. Scientifically formulated surfactants, introduced by high pressure spray nozzles, displace the contaminant from the surface of the soil particles into the process solution. Once the contaminant is dispersed into the liquid fraction of the process, it is either mechanically removed, chemically oxidized, or biologically oxidized. The contaminated process water is pumped through the Genesis Biosep (Patent Applied For) filtration system where the fines portion is flocculated, and the contaminant-rich liquid portion is combined with an activated mixture of nutrients and carefully selected bacteria to decompose the hydrocarbon fraction. The treated soil and dewatered fines are transferred to a bermed stockpile where bioremediation continues during drying. The process water is reclaimed, filtered, and recycled within the system.
Date:
October 11, 1994
Creator:
Cena, R.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The greening of the White House. Phase 1 action plan
This describes a comprehensive, multi-year project designed to improve energy efficiency and cut waste throughout the White House. The project highlights practical steps that homeowners and business people can take to benefit the environment, save money, and improve the comfort of their surroundings. At America`s symbolic home, the effort will showcase the best new American products, environmental technologies, that are good investments for the pocketbook and for the planet. Investing in energy efficiency and pollution prevention saves taxpayers money on electricity, materials, and waste disposal, and drives markets for the technologies of the future. These technologies provide the foundation for some of the nation`s highest priority environmental programs, including the President`s Climate Change Action Plan and the Administration`s pollution prevention efforts.
Date:
March 11, 1994
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Second test of base hydrolysate decomposition in a 0.04 gallon per minute scale reactor
LLNL has built and operated a pilot plant for processing oil shale using recirculating hot solids. This pilot plant, was adapted in 1993 to demonstrate the feasibility of decomposing base hydrolysate, a mixture of sodium nitrite, sodium formate and other constituents. This material is the waste stream from the base hydrolysis process for destruction of energetic materials. In the Livermore process, the waste feed is thermally treated in a moving packed bed of ceramic spheres, where constituents in the waste decompose, in the presence of carbon dioxide, to form solid sodium carbonate and a suite of gases including: methane, carbon monoxide, oxygen, nitrogen oxides, ammonia and possibly molecular nitrogen. The ceramic spheres are circulated and heated, providing the energy required for thermal decomposition. The spheres provide a large surface area for evaporation and decomposition to occur, avoiding sticking and agglomeration of the waste. We performed a 2.5 hour test of the solids recirculation system, with continuous injection of approximately 0.04 gal/min of waste. Gasses from the packed bed reactor were directed through the lift pipe and water was not condensed. Potassium carbonate (0.356 M) was added to the hydrolysate prior to its introduction to the retort. Continuous on-line gas analysis …
Date:
October 11, 1994
Creator:
Cena, R. J.; Thorsness, C. B.; Coburn, T. T. & Watkins, B. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experimental tests of the standard model.
The title implies an impossibly broad field, as the Standard Model includes the fermion matter states, as well as the forces and fields of SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1). For practical purposes, I will confine myself to electroweak unification, as discussed in the lectures of M. Herrero. Quarks and mixing were discussed in the lectures of R. Aleksan, and leptons and mixing were discussed in the lectures of K. Nakamura. I will essentially assume universality, that is flavor independence, rather than discussing tests of it. I will not pursue tests of QED beyond noting the consistency and precision of measurements of {alpha}{sub EM} in various processes including the Lamb shift, the anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) of the electron, and the quantum Hall effect. The fantastic precision and agreement of these predictions and measurements is something that convinces people that there may be something to this science enterprise. Also impressive is the success of the ''Universal Fermi Interaction'' description of beta decay processes, or in more modern parlance, weak charged current interactions. With one coupling constant G{sub F}, most precisely determined in muon decay, a huge number of nuclear instabilities are described. The slightly slow rate for neutron beta decay was …
Date:
November 11, 1998
Creator:
Nodulman, L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A high peak power S-band switching system for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Linear Accelerator (Linac).
An S-band linear accelerator is the source of particles and front end of the Advanced Photon Source [1] injector. Additionally, it will be used to support a low-energy undulator test line (LEUTL) and to drive a free-electron laser (FEL). To provide maximum linac availability for all uses, an additional modulator-klystron subsystem has been built,and a waveguide-switching and distribution subsystem is now under construction. The combined subsystems provide a hot spare for any of the five S-band transmitters that power the lina cand have been given the additional function of powering an rf gun test stand whenever they are not otherwise needed. Design considerations for the waveguide-switching subsystem, topology selection, timing, control, and system protection provisions are described.
Date:
September 11, 1998
Creator:
Grelick, A. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quarkonium at STAR
The STAR detector is capable of reconstruction the J/{psi} meson in its dielectron decay channel, along with continuum dielectrons from heavy quark decay. The limitation is not instrumental--the ability of the STAR detector to identify electrons--rather, the primary limitation is yield. We expect to reconstruct of order 10,000 events per year in the bin of highest centrality, with perhaps ten times that many integrated over all bins of centrality. This is enough for a rather detailed study of J/{psi} production. The yields for {psi}{prime} and the high p{sub T} {chi} mesons which are in a low enough background region of phase space to permit reconstruction are too small for precision measurements. The only parent of the J/{psi} with a large enough yield for clear observation is the b quark. Even limited to just the J/{psi}, there is a rich physics program available to STAR: the yield provides information on the gluon flux as well as color screening, especially when compared to the open charm and b {r_arrow} J/{psi}X yields. The p{sub T} distribution measures energy loss in a nuclear medium, either by comparison with pp data or across different bins in centrality. The STAR quarkonium program should provide several unique …
Date:
November 11, 1998
Creator:
LeCompte, T. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Surface topographies of one-year weight-loss coupons of alloy C-22 from long-term corrosion testing
We have used an atomic force microscope (AFM) to characterize the surface topographies of weight-loss coupons of Alloy C-22 which had been exposed to two different environments in the Long-Term Corrosion Test Facility at LLNL for one year. We have observed a silicate deposit on these coupons, with the most extensive coverage occurring on the coupon immersed in an acidified bath. We have not detected localized corrosion on these coupons.
Date:
June 11, 1999
Creator:
Bedrossian, P J
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of interior surface finish on the break-up of commercial shaped charge liners
A series of experiments aimed at understanding the influence of the liner interior surface finish on the break-up of shaped charge jets has been completed. The experiments used a standard 81-mm shaped charge design, loaded with LX-14 high explosive; incorporating high-precision copper shaped charged liners. The results indicate that a significant reduction of jet break-up time occurs between a surface finish of 99.30 microinches and 375.65 microinches. Surface finishes of 4.78, 44.54 and 99.30 microinches produced significantly better ductility and associated break-up times than the 375.65-microinch finish. The baseline production process high-precision liners were measured to have an average surface finish of 44.54 microinches. The results show that for the shaped charge warhead geometry and explosive combination investigated, some care must be taken in respect to surface finish, but that very fine surface finishes do not significantly improve the jet ductility and associated break-up times.
Date:
August 11, 1999
Creator:
Baker, E L & Schwartz, A J
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
West Hackberry Tertiary Project. Quarterly technical progress report, July 1--September 30, 1995
The goal of the West Hackberry Tertiary Project is to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of combining air injection with the Double Displacement Process for tertiary oil recovery. The Double Displacement Process is the gas displacement of a water invaded oil column for the purpose of recovering oil through gravity drainage. The novel aspect of this project is the use of air as the injection fluid. The target reservoir for the project is the Camerina C-1,2,3 Sand located on the West Flank of West Hackberry Field in Cameron Parish, Louisiana. If successful, this project will demonstrate that the use of air injection in the Double Displacement Process can economically recover oil in reservoirs where tertiary oil recovery is presented uneconomic. During this quarter, the West Hackberry Tertiary Project completed the first ten months of air injection operations. Plots of air injection rates and cumulative air injected are included in this report as attachments. The following events are reviewed in this quarter`s technical progress report: (1) successful workovers on the Gulf Land D Nos. 44, 45 and 51 and the Watkins No. 3; (2) the unsuccessful repair attempt on the Watkins No. 16; (3) gathering of additional bottom hole pressure …
Date:
October 11, 1995
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High Energy Physics Division semiannual report of research activities July 1, 1997 - December 31, 1997.
This report describes the research conducted in the High Energy Physics Division of Argonne National Laboratory during the period July 1, 1997--December 31, 1997. Topics covered here include experimental and theoretical particle physics, advanced accelerator physics, detector development, and experimental facilities research. Lists of Division publications and colloquia are included.
Date:
August 11, 1998
Creator:
Norem, J.; Rezmer, R.; Schuur, C. & Wagner, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bioconversion of Cheese Waste (Whey)
The US dairy industry produces 67 billion pounds of cheese whey annually. A waste by-product of cheese production, whey consists of water, milk sugar (lactose), casein (protein), and salts amounting to about 7% total solids. Ultrafiltration is used to concentrate cheese whey into a protein-rich foodstuff; however, it too produces a waste stream, known as ''whey permeate,'' (rejected water, lactose, and salts from the membrane). Whey permeate contains about 4.5% lactose and requires treatment to reduce the high BOD (biological oxygen demand) before disposal. Ab Initio, a small business with strong chemistry and dairy processing background, desired help in developing methods for bioconversion of whey permeate lactose into lactic acid. Lactic acid is an organic acid primarily used as an acidulant in the food industry. More recently it has been used to produce polylactic acid, a biodegradable polymer and as a new method to treat meat carcasses to combat E. coli bacteria. Conversion of whey permeate to lactic acid is environmentally sound because it produces a valued product from an otherwise waste stream. FM&T has expertise in bioconversion processes and analytical techniques necessary to characterize biomass functions. The necessary engineering and analytical services for pilot biomass monitoring, process development, and …
Date:
March 11, 1998
Creator:
Bohnert, G.W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of small, fast reactor core designs using lead-based coolant.
A variety of small (100 MWe) fast reactor core designs are developed, these include compact configurations, long-lived (15-year fuel lifetime) cores, and derated, natural circulation designs. Trade studies are described which identify key core design issues for lead-based coolant systems. Performance parameters and reactivity feedback coefficients are compared for lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) and sodium-cooled cores of consistent design. The results of these studies indicate that the superior neutron reflection capability of lead alloys reduces the enrichment and burnup swing compared to conventional sodium-cooled systems; however, the discharge fluence is significantly increased. The size requirement for long-lived systems is constrained by reactivity loss considerations, not fuel burnup or fluence limits. The derated lead-alloy cooled natural circulation cores require a core volume roughly eight times greater than conventional compact systems. In general, reactivity coefficients important for passive safety performance are less favorable for the larger, derated configurations.
Date:
June 11, 1999
Creator:
Cahalan, J. E.; Hill, R. N.; Khalil, H. S. & Wade, D. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Implementation and performance of beam smoothing on 10 beams of the Nova Laser
Recent simulations and experiments on Nova indicate that some level of smoothing may be required to suppress filamentation in plasmas on the National Ignition Facility (NIF), resulting in the addition of 1-D smoothing capability to the current baseline design. Control of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and filamentation is considered essential to the success of laser fusion because they affect the amount and location of laser energy delivered to the x-ray conversion region (hohlraum wall) for indirect drive and to the absorptive region for direct drive, Smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD)[1], reduces these instabilities by reducing nonuniformities in the focal irradiance when averaged over a finite time interval. We have installed SSD on Nova to produce beam smoothing on all 10 beam lines. A single dispersion grating is located in a position common to all 10 beam lines early in the preamplifier chain. This location limits the 1{omega} bandwidth to 2.2 {angstrom} with sufficient dispersion to displace the speckle field of each frequency component at the target plane by one half speckle diameter. Several beam lines were modified to allow orientation of the dispersion on each arm relative to the hohlraum wall. After conversion to the third harmonic the beam passes …
Date:
March 11, 1997
Creator:
Pennington, D. M.; Dixit, S. N.; Weiland, T. L.; Ehrlich, R. & Rothenberg, J. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library