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OIT Best Practices
24
Fiscal Year 2001
13
Fiscal Year 2002
13
ARM Facilities Newsletter
11
OIT Tip Sheets
8
Science & Technology Review
7
Fiscal Year 2000
5
Advanced Stripper Gas Produced Water Remediation, Quarterly Technical Report
4
Clean Cities alternative fuel information series
4
Establishment of an Industry-Driven Consortium Focused on Improving the Production Performance of Domestic Stripper Wells Quarterly Report
4
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Renewable Energy Development on Tribal Lands (Brochure)
Tribal Energy Program under DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy provides financial and technical assistance to Tribes for feasibility studies and shares the cost of implementing sustainable renewable energy installations on tribal lands.
Date:
August 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Implications of Regional Transmission Organization Design for Renewable Energy Technologies
This report summarizes the development of Regional Transmission Organizations (RTOs) and assesses the potential implications of market rules for renewable energy technologies. The report focuses on scheduling provisions, as these have proved problematic in some cases for intermittent renewable energy technologies. Market rules of four RTOs-the Pennsylvania-Maryland-New Jersey ISO, the ERCOT ISO, the Midwest ISO and the New York ISO (NYISO)-were examined to determine the impact on intermittent renewable energy projects such as wind energy generators. Also, a more general look was taken at how biomass power may fare in RTOs, specifically whether these technologies can participate in ancillary service markets. Lastly, an assessment was made regarding the implications for renewable energy technologies of a Northeast-wide RTO that would combine the three existing Northeast ISOs (the aforementioned PJM and NYISOs, as well as ISO New England).
Date:
May 1, 2002
Creator:
Porter, K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrical Isolation of ZnO by Ion Irradiation
We demonstrate the formation of highly resistive single-crystal ZnO epilayers as a result of irradiation with MeV Li, O, and Si ions. Results show that the ion doses necessary for electrical isolation close-to-inversely depend on the number of ion-beam-generated atomic displacements. However, in all the cases studied, defect-induced electrical isolation of ZnO is unstable to rapid thermal annealing at temperatures above about 300 C . No significant improvement of thermal stability is found by varying ion mass, dose, and irradiation temperature (up to 350 C). Finally, a comparison of implant isolation in ZnO with that in GaN is presented.
Date:
July 3, 2002
Creator:
Kucheyev, S. O.; Jagadish, C.; Williams, J. S.; Deenapanray, P. N. K.; Yano, M.; Koike, K. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Design Guidelines for High Performance Schools: Hot and Humid Climates
School districts around the country are finding that the smart energy choices can help them save money and provide healthier, more effective learning environments. By incorporating energy improvements into their construction or renovation plans, schools can significantly reduce energy consumption and costs. These savings can be redirected to educational needs such as additional teachers, instructional materials, or new computers. These design guidelines outline high performance principles for the new or retrofit design of your K-12 school. By incorporating these principles, you can create and exemplary building that is both energy and resource efficient.
Date:
June 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The LLNL Accelerator Mass Spectrometry System for Biochemical 14C-Measurements
We report on recent improvements made to our 1 MV accelerator mass spectrometry system that is dedicated to {sup 14}C quantification of biochemical samples. Increased vacuum pumping capacity near the high voltage terminal has resulted in a 2-fold reduction of system backgrounds to 0.04 amol {sup 14}C/mg carbon. Carbon ion transmission through the accelerator has also improved a few percent. We have also developed tritium measurement capability on this spectrometer. The {sup 3}H/{sup 1}H isotopic ratio of a milligram-sized processed tap water sample has been measured at 4 {+-} 1 x 10{sup -16} (430 {+-} 110 {micro}Bq/mg H). Measurement throughput for a typical biochemical {sup 3}H sample is estimated to be {approx}10 minutes/sample.
Date:
October 31, 2002
Creator:
Ognibene, T J; Bench, G; Brown, T A & Vogel, J S
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Battery Power for Your Residential Solar Electric System: Better Buildings Series Solar Electric Fact Sheet
This consumer fact sheet provides an overview of battery power for residential solar electric systems, including sizing, estimating costs, purchasing, and performing maintenance.
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Estimating Field-Scale Hydraulic Parameters of Heterogeneous Soils Using A Combination of Parameter Scaling and Inverse Methods
As the Hanford Site transitions into remediation of contaminated soil waste sites and tank farm closure, more information is needed about the transport of contaminants as they move through the vadose zone to the underlying water table. The hydraulic properties must be characterized for accurate simulation of flow and transport. This characterization includes the determination of soil texture types, their three-dimensional distribution, and the parameterization of each soil texture. This document describes a method to estimate the soil hydraulic parameter using the parameter scaling concept (Zhang et al. 2002) and inverse techniques. To this end, the Groundwater Protection Program Science and Technology Project funded vadose zone transport field studies, including analysis of the results to estimate field-scale hydraulic parameters for modeling. Parameter scaling is a new method to scale hydraulic parameters. The method relates the hydraulic-parameter values measured at different spatial scales for different soil textures. Parameter scaling factors relevant to a reference texture are determined using these local-scale parameter values, e.g., those measured in the lab using small soil cores. After parameter scaling is applied, the total number of unknown variables in hydraulic parameters is reduced by a factor equal to the number of soil textures. The field-scale values …
Date:
December 10, 2002
Creator:
Zhang, Z. F.; Ward, Andy L. & Gee, Glendon W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Voluntary Participation Drives Oklahoma's Coalitions
Fact sheet describing the Oklahoma and Tulsa Clean Cities Coalitions and their commitment to the alternative fuel industry.
Date:
May 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Program Activities& Accomplishments in FY 2002: State& Alternative Fuel Provider Program Annual Report. EPAct Fleet Information& Regulations Fact Sheet.
From vehicle acquisition and credit trading to exemptions and outreach activity, the Annual Report summarizes the State& Alternative Fuel Provider Program accomplishments during FY 2002/MY2001.
Date:
August 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chronological Reliability Model Incorporating Wind Forecasts to Assess Wind Plant Reserve Allocation: Preprint
Over the past several years, there has been considerable development and application of wind forecasting models. The main purpose of these models is to provide grid operators with the best information available so that conventional power generators can be scheduled as efficiently and as cost-effectively as possible. One of the important ancillary services is reserves, which involves scheduling additional capacity to guard against shortfalls. In a recent paper, Strbac and Kirschen[1] proposed a method to allocate the reserve burden to generators. Although Milligan adapted this technique to wind plants[2], neither of these papers accounts for the wind forecast in the reliability calculation. That omission is rectified here. For the system studied in this paper, we found that a reserve allocation scheme using 1-hour forecasts results in a small allocation of system reserve relative to the rated capacity of the wind power plant. This reserve allocation is even smaller when geographically dispersed wind sites are used instead of a large single site.
Date:
May 1, 2002
Creator:
Milligan, M. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solid-State Heat-Capacity-Laser Review
We describe our recent progress in the area of solid-state heat-capacity-lasers (SSHCL). In particular, we examine the physics of heat-capacity operation of a solid state laser and give the present technology status of our 10 kW flashlamp-pumped laser The current status of work leading to a diode-pumped Nd:GGG HCL is also described.
Date:
May 7, 2002
Creator:
Rotter, M D & Dane, C B
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site Seismic Safety Program: Summary of Findings
The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Site Seismic Safety Program was conceived in 1979 during the preparation of the site Draft Environmental Impact Statement. The impetus for the program came from the development of new methodologies and geologic data that affect assessments of geologic hazards at the LLNL site; it was designed to develop a new assessment of the seismic hazard to the LLNL site and LLNL employees. Secondarily, the program was also intended to provide the technical information needed to make ongoing decisions about design criteria for future construction at LLNL and about the adequacy of existing facilities. This assessment was intended to be of the highest technical quality and to make use of the most recent and accepted hazard assessment methodologies. The basic purposes and objectives of the current revision are similar to those of the previous studies. Although all the data and experience assembled in the previous studies were utilized to their fullest, the large quantity of new information and new methodologies led to the formation of a new team that includes LLNL staff and outside consultants from academia and private consulting firms. A peer-review panel composed of individuals from academia (A. Cornell, Stanford University), the Department …
Date:
April 1, 2002
Creator:
Savy, J B & Foxall, W
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Case Studies on the Effectiveness of State Financial Incentives for Renewable Energy
The North Carolina Solar Center at NC State University, in collaboration with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, examined 10 state financial-incentive programs in six states using a case-study approach in order to clarify the key factors-both internal and external to the program-that influence their effectiveness at stimulating deployment of renewable energy technologies. While existing information resources such as the National Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy (DSIRE, www.dsireusa.org) have documented what incentive programs are available, the effectiveness of such programs is not well understood. Understanding the impact of current financial incentives on the deployment of renewables and the factors that influence their effectiveness is critical to a variety of stakeholders, particularly in states considering new incentives or interested in improving or discarding existing ones.
Date:
September 1, 2002
Creator:
Gouchoe, S.; Everette, V. & Haynes, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of Cloud Parameterizations in a High Resolution Atmospheric General Circulation Model Using ARM Data
Typical state of the art atmospheric general circulation models used in climate change studies have horizontal resolution of approximately 300 km. As computing power increases, many climate modeling groups are working toward enhancing the resolution of global models. An important issue that arises when resolution of a model is changed is whether cloud and convective parameterizations, which were developed for use at coarser resolutions, will need to be reformulated or re-tuned. We propose to investigate this issue and specifically cloud statistics using ARM data. The data streams produced by highly instrumented sections of Cloud and Radiation Testbeds (CART) of ARM program will provide a significant aid in the evaluation of cloud and convection parameterization in high-resolution models. Recently, we have performed multiyear global-climate simulations at T170 and T239 resolutions, corresponding to grid cell sizes of 0.7{sup 0} and 0.5{sup 0} respectively, using the NCAR Community Climate Model. We have also a performed climate change simulation at T170. On the scales of a T42 grid cell (300 km) and larger, nearly all quantities we examined in T170 simulation agree better with observations in terms of spatial patterns than do results in a comparable simulation at T42. Increasing the resolution to T239 …
Date:
April 12, 2002
Creator:
Govindasamy, B & Duffy, P
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advances in Low-Defect Multilayers for EUVL Mask Blanks
Low-defect multilayer coatings are required to fabricate mask blanks for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL). The mask blanks consist of high reflectance E W multilayers on low thermal expansion substrates. A defect density of 0.0025 printable defects/cm{sup 2} for both the mask substrate and the multilayer is required to provide a mask blank yield of 60%. Current low defect multilayer coating technology allows repeated coating-added defect levels of 0.05/cm{sup 2} for defects greater than 90 nm polystyrene latex sphere (PSL) equivalent size for lots of 20 substrates. Extended clean operation of the coating system at levels below 0.08/cm{sup 2} for 3 months of operation has also been achieved. Two substrates with zero added defects in the quality area have been fabricated, providing an existence proof that ultra low defect coatings are possible. Increasing the ion source-to-target distance from 410 to 560 mm to reduce undesired coating of the ion source caused the defect density to increase to 0.2/cm{sup 2}. Deposition and etching diagnostic witness substrates and deposition pinhole cameras showed a much higher level of ion beam spillover (ions missing the sputter target) than expected. Future work will quantify beam spillover, and test designs to reduce spillover, if it is confirmed …
Date:
April 15, 2002
Creator:
Folta, J. A.; Davidson, J. C.; Larson, C. C.; Walton, C. C. & Kearney, P. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Hydroacoustic Deployments at John Day Dam
This report describes short-term studies conducted in late November and early December 2001 to optimize hydroacoustic sampling techniques for John Day Dam before the 2002 fish passage efficiency (FPE) study. Knowledge gained in this study should significantly improve hydroacoustic sampling and the accuracy of estimates of fish passage at two locations that have presented problems in past studies. The spillway has been most problematic because many fish detected there were not entrained. Without correction, non-commitment of fish can result in multiple detections and overestimation of fish passage and FPE. Trash-rack-mounted, down-looking transducers for sampling unguided fish at a submerged traveling screen (STS) also have posed problems because the beam was aimed so far downstream that researchers had concerns about fish aspect and detectability. The deployments, aiming angles, and ping rates described here should eliminate all problems encountered in previous studies. This report describes hydroacoustic evaluations. The spill-bay deployment identified in this study should completely eliminate multiple detections of fish by limiting the sample volume for counting fish to the deep high-discharge volume adjacent to the gate. Results from testing of transducers deployed in a turbine intake with an STS suggest that, after testing in 2002, it may be possible to …
Date:
November 12, 2002
Creator:
Ploskey, Gene R.; Cook, Christopher B.; Titzler, P. Scott & Moursund, Russell A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2001 Information Resources Catalog
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) eighth annual Information Resources Catalog can help keep you up-to-date on the research, development, opportunities, and available technologies in energy efficiency and renewable energy. The catalog includes five main sections with entries grouped according to subject area.
Date:
March 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Value of Distributed Energy Options for Congested Transmission/Distribution Systems in the Southeastern United States: Mississippi and Florida Case Studies; January 1999-December 2001
This report explores the ability of distributed generation (DG) options to provide cost-effective alternatives to central station generation, transmission, and distribution upgrades for alleviating transmission and distribution congestion. The need for this study was driven by three major factors: (1) DOE's DG program, while quite successful in showing the value of DG in large portions of the United States, has been less successful in the Southeast, likely because of the low energy prices, high excess electrical capacity, and lack of electricity deregulation in the region. (2) Lack of DG-related analysis that uses real world data on specific sites that can be used as good indicators of the issues and benefits of DG. (3) Interest on behalf of DOE in analysis in two southern states that can be used to show the value of DG to several key Congressional officials from the states. To demonstrate this ability for constrained sites in systems in the states of Florida and Mississippi, the Electricity Asset Evaluation Model (EAEM) is used to assess the costs and benefits of installing DG options to reduce load in areas with transmission congestion versus upgrading the transmission and distribution (T&D) systems.
Date:
March 1, 2002
Creator:
McCusker, S. A. & Siegel, J. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Wind Power Today: Wind Energy Program Highlights 2001
Wind Power Today is an annual publication that provides an overview of the U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Energy Program accomplishments for the previous year. The purpose of Wind Power Today is to show how DOE's Wind Energy Program supports wind turbine research and deployment in hopes of furthering the advancement of wind technologies that produce clean, low-cost, reliable energy. Content objectives include: educate readers about the advantages and potential for widespread deployment of wind energy; explain the program's objectives and goals; describe the program's accomplishments in research and application; examine the barriers to widespread deployment; describe the benefits of continued research and development; facilitate technology transfer; and attract cooperative wind energy projects with industry. This 2001 edition of Wind Power Today also includes discussions about wind industry growth in 2001, how DOE is taking advantage of low wind speed regions through advancing technology, and distributed applications for small wind turbines.
Date:
May 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Inertial Fusion Energy Studies on an Earth Simulator-Class Computer
The U.S. is developing fusion energy based on inertial confinement of the burning fusion fuel, as a complement to the magnetic confinement approach. DOE's Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) program within the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (OFES) is coordinated with, and gains leverage from, the much larger Inertial Confinement Fusion program of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). Advanced plasma and particle beam simulations play a major role in the IFE effort, and the program is well poised to benefit from an Earth Simulator-class resource. Progress in all key physics areas of IFE, including heavy-ion ''drivers'' which impart the energy to the fusion fuel, the targets for both ion- and laser-driven approaches, and an advanced concept known as fast ignition, would be dramatically accelerated by an Earth Simulator-class resource.
Date:
August 13, 2002
Creator:
Friedman, A & Stephens, R
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Search for the Factors Determining the Photodegradation in High Efficiency a-Si:H Solar Cells: Final Subcontract Report, 28 January 1998 - 15 August 2001
This report describes continuing studies on photoluminescence (PL), electroluminescence (EL), Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill during the three years and the extension period. Systematic studies on the transition materials and their solar cells and a review of the photo-induced structural changes in correlation to the electronic degradation have led to better understanding of the factors determining the photodegradation in a-Si:H solar cells. NHR established significant differences, as in the bonding of hydrogen in the hot-wire- and plasma-deposited amorphous silicon.
Date:
March 1, 2002
Creator:
Han, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Glass Industry of the Future: Energy and Environmental Profile of the U. S. Glass Industry
Report documenting the partnership between DOEs Office of Industrial Technologies and the U.S. glass industry.
Date:
April 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dynamics of Exploding Plasma Within a Magnetized Plasma
This memo describes several possible laboratory experiments on the dynamics of an exploding plasma in a background magnetized plasma. These are interesting scientifically and the results are applicable to energetic explosions in the earth's ionosphere (DOE Campaign 7 at LLNL). These proposed experiments are difficult and can only be performed in the new LAPD device at UCLA. The purpose of these experiments would be to test numerical simulations, theory and reduced models for systems performance codes. The experiments are designed to investigate the affect of the background plasma on (1) the maximum diamagnetic bubble radius given by Eq. 9; and (2) the Alfven wave radiation efficiency produced by the induced current J{sub A} (Eqs. 10-12) These experiments involve measuring the bubble radius using a fast gated optical imager as in Ref [1] and the Alfven wave profile and intensity as in Ref [2] for different values of the exploding plasma energy, background plasma density and temperature, and background magnetic field. These experiments extend the previously successful experiments [2] on Alfven wave coupling. We anticipate that the proposed experiments would require 1-2 weeks of time on the LAPD. We would perform PIC simulations in support of these experiments in order to …
Date:
February 1, 2002
Creator:
Dimonte, G; Dipeso, G & Hewett, D
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The SX Solver: A Computer Program for Analyzing Solvent-Extraction Equilibria: Version 3.0
A new computer program, the SX Solver, has been developed to analyze solvent-extraction equilibria. The program operates out of Microsoft Excel and uses the built-in Solver function to minimize the sum of the square of the residuals between measured and calculated distribution coefficients. The extraction of nitric acid by tributyl phosphate has been modeled to illustrate the programs use.
Date:
January 17, 2002
Creator:
Lumetta, Gregg J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library