This analysis is concerned with the impact of energy-policy measures on the level, growth, and structure of the US economy. In particular, the nature and magnitude of the causal relationship between variations in the prices of various energy forms and economic performance, as measured by real gross national product (GNP), is studied. The combined Brookhaven National Laboratory/Dale W. Jorgenson Associates (BNL/DHA) energy-economy model system is used to determine the economic effects of three energy-price futures combined with an invariant set of energy policies. The price alternatives are intended to characterize the uncertainty that exists in the policy-planning environment. In addition, the results are compared to those obtained from another DOE-sponsored analysis which used the Data Resources, Incorporated (DRI) quarterly macroeconomic model to assess the effects of these same three cases. Significant numerical differences in the results from these modeling systems are observed and are attributed to structural differences between the two methodologies. The methodological issues emerging from this comparison have important policy implications which are independent of the specific numerical conclusions. Since it is uncertain which, if either, of the models is correct, the use of one for policy analysis entails the risk that policy will be predicated on inaccurate …

Thirty-two brands of domestic commercial low tar and nicotine cigarettes were analyzed for their production of tar, nicotine, nitrogen oxides (as nitric oxide), hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide under standard analytical smoking conditions. Results are compared with published data for certain brands.

A spaced, evacuated tubular radiation receiver employing a highly selective absorber surface and light enhancement features has been subject to extensive test and analysis. Air was used as the heat transfer fluid. The design, installation, test and analysis of the air cooled collector was conducted. The thermal performance of the air cooled collector was found to be better than predicted when rated on an all day operating basis. The high performance characteristic is enhanced by the features of ease of installation and freedom from maintenance and operational problems. High quality air or liquid may be provided (the latter by heat exchange) for a variety of load applications.

This report documents an independent review and evaluation of sodium leak detection methods described in the Clinch River Breeder Reactor Preliminary Safety Analysis Report. Only information in publicly available documents was used in making the assessments.

Least squares analyses of calorimetric measurements made at Mound Laboratory on two tritide compounds over a period of 18 y were performed to determine the half-life of tritium. A half-life of 12.3232 +- 0.0043 mean solar years was obtained.

Progress is reported on studies on the basic aspects of radiation effects on microorganisms. Results are included from studies on the effects of uv pretreatment on the survival of ..gamma..-irradiated micrococcus luteus and uv-induced radioresistance to bacteriophage.

This talk is a review of results which have been reported during the past year on charmed particle decays in emulsions.

A computer program, SCAP-BR, has been developed at Burns and Roe for the gamma-ray streaming analysis through multi-legged ducts. SCAP-BR is a modified version of the single scattering code, SCAP, incorporating capabilities of handling multiple scattering and volumetric source geometries. It utilizes the point kernel integration method to calculate both the line-of-sight and scattered gamma dose rates by employing the ray tracing technique through complex shield geometries. The multiple scattering is handled by a repeated process of the single scatter method through each successive scatter region and collapsed pseudo source meshes constructed on the relative coordinate systems. The SCAP-BR results have been compared with experimental data for a Z-type (three-legged) concrete duct with a Co-60 source placed at the duct entrance point. The SCAP-BR dose rate predictions along the duct axis demonstrate an excellent agreement with the measured values.

Three approaches to pretreatment for the Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant project in the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) Pilot Plant have been examined. Analyses of these approaches, selection of the best alternative among the three, and detailed design and evaluation of cost and schedule impacts were made. The best approach available to pretreatment demonstration is an integrated pretreater - an ash agglomerating gasifier (AAG) that uses the existing AAG system, a new pretreater pressure vessel, and needed ancillary equipment. Based on pilot plant results, IGT dos not recommend pretreatment for the Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant or testing pretreatment in the IGT Pilot Plant, but merely suggests the above approach to pilot plant testing of pretreatment as the most viable. Based on pilot plant tests, IGT does not feel that pretreatment is necessary for operation of the ash agglomerating gasifier with Western Kentucky No. 9 coal. IGT has developed a feeding technique that enables raw coal to be fed directly to the gasifier without plugging of the feed nozzle lines which has been demonstrated in several tests. Should pretreatment prove necessary because of unforeseen circumstances, IGT has studied the available alternatives and has selected the best alternative for detailed …

The roster of the scientific and professional staffs of the Environmental Programs of the Department of Energy and Environment has been compiled as of December 1979. Staff members have been listed according to their organizational units, i.e., the Atmospheric Sciences Division, the Environmental Chemistry Division, the Oceanographic Sciences Division, and the Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group. Educational background, research interests, professional activities, summary of experience at BNL, and selected publications have been included for each member listed.

A series of nozzle and wearblade tests to evaluate scale control and materials performance under total flow nozzle inlet conditions and simulated turbine blade environments was completed using Magmamax No. 1 well fluid. Brine acidification was effective in preventing scale in nozzles and on wearblade flow surfaces. Acid consumption measurements indicate that acid cost will be less than 2 mills/100 lb. brine. Measured erosion rates were low and the results indicate that available materials will allow successful turbine operation for many years. Stress corrosion cracking was not observed in specimens of the leading candidate turbine material (Ti-6A1-4V) after up to 60-hours operation at stresses similar to those expected in an operating turbine system.

The objectives of the program were to develop chemical processes utilizing a combination of certain fluorochemicals and tribulyltin based toxicants for treating the surfaces of metals which may be used to fabricate OTEC heat exchangers, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of these surface treatments as antibiofoulants. Aluminium alloy No. 3003-H14 and titanium were testd, neither of which proved satisfactory. (WDM)

Twenty-six papers are presented on a variety of topics including: energy and transportaton facts and figures; long-range planning under energy constraints; technology assessment of alternative fuels; energy efficiency of intercity passenger and freight movement; energy efficiency of intracity passenger movement; federal role; electrification of railroads; energy impact of the electric car in an urban enviroment; research needs and projects in progress--federal viewpoint; research needs in transportation energy conservation--data needs; and energy intensity of various transportation modes--an overview. A separate abstract was prepared for each of the papers for inclusion in Energy Research Abstracts (ERA) and in Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis (EAPA).

Mass-spectrometry and Knudsen effusion experiments were used to study the equilibrium partial pressure of SeS formed by reaction of S/sub 2/ and Se/sub 2/ which were produced by thermally decomposing a mixture of In/sub 2/S/sub 3/ and In/sub 2/Se/sub 3/ in a Knudsen effusion cell. The heat of formation of SeS(g) was determined by the second law method to be -0.6 +- 3 kcal/mole. The entropy of formation of SeS(g) was calculated from spectrographic data in Ahmed and Barrow to be 1.5 cal/degree-mole at 298/sup 0/K.

None

The results are presented of an exhaustive literature search and evaluation concerning the properties and economics of commercially available nonmetallic well casing and screens. These materials were studied in terms of their use in low to intermediate temperature geothermal well construction.

The Western Gas Sands Project Plan, Project Implementation Plans, Project Plan Document FY 78 and the Quarterly Basin Activities Report are in various stages of preparation. Information gathering by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) of the initial data base for many of the project activities is continuing. Some base maps are complete and field investigations in the principal areas of interest are being conducted. Investigation of tight gas sands with scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction techniques and an X-ray spectrometer is proceeding. Research and Development by Energy Research Centers and National Laboratories funded by DOE has been directed toward the development of new tools and instrumentation systems, rock mechanics experiments, mathematical modeling and data analysis. The positive results of system development and data analysis techniques by Sandia and USGS/Menlo Park in determining fracture orientation have been very encouraging. The Field Test and Demonstrations section reports primarily on joint Government/Industry experiments. The Uinta Basin in Utah and Piceance Basin in Colorado have active massive hydraulic fracturing (MHF) experiments in the Upper Cretaceous tight gas formations. These are: Gas Producing Enterprises (GPE)--Natural Buttes No. 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22; Mobil Research and Development--F-31-13G; and Rio Blanco Natural Gas.

The following topics are discussed: (1) primary sodium pump design concept; (2) pump level control system; (3) resolution of design problems in stress analysis, dynamics analysis, and mechanical design; (4) model testing; (5) planned performance tests; and (6) fabrication status. (DG)

Research to establish a general method to assess the performance and reliability of computer codes for the numerical approximation of linear operators is reported. The neutron transport operator was chosen as model. The general approach to solving the error problem and the use of benchmarks are sketched. This report contains only a brief administrative summary; references are given to forty reports and publications that contain detailed information. (RWR)

The purpose of this handbook is to present to United States industrial organizations the Department of Energy's (DOE) Safeguards Technology Program. The roles and missions for safeguards in the U.S. government and application of the DOE technology program to industry safeguards planning are discussed. A guide to sources and products is included. (LK)

During portions of the 1974-1975 and 1975-1976 winter heating seasons, a field evaluation was made of a solar-assisted heat pump heating system in a small commercial office building in Albuquerque, N.M. The system was comprised of one main water-to-water heat pump and five small water-to-air heat pumps. The liquid-type solar collector array had an area equivalent to about 10% of the building floor area. Other than the ethylene glycol/water solution circulated through the solar collector array, water was used in all parts of the system, including three thermal energy storage tanks. Considerable information concerning this project has been disseminated through conferences, workshops, technical papers at professional society meetings, reports to the federal government and Master of Science theses, all of which are referenced in this report. The work done on this project over the period of the contract is summarized and pertinent information concerning the building, the solar-assisted heat pump system, data acquisition aspects, results, and conclusions are included.

None

An assessment of the relative economic and heat utilization merits of plant reject heat utilization systems was made in an effort to indicate those technologies that show the greatest potential for wide-scale implementation in the power generating industry. The heat utilization systems were designed to accommodate the yearly cooling needs of a 1000-MW(e) power plant. Thus, for the purposes of this study, it was assumed that these systems replaced the cooling tower as the primary condenser cooling water heat dissipation system. Implementation potential and user incentive considerations were used in assessing the technologies. Assessment of the implementation potential included economic, marketing, and power plant performance criteria. The user incentive assessment essentially viewed the use of reject heat from the user's perspective. Heat costs and performance characteristics of the heat utilization system were the criteria used in this assessment. The two analyses were combined in the overall assessment. The overall assessment indicated that extensive pond aquaculture offered the greatest potential for wide-scale implementation. This was followed by animal rearing, algal pond, greenhouse, intensive aquaculture and undersoil heating systems. Based on this assessment, it is recommended that extensive pond aquaculture should receive top research priority. Animal rearing, algal pond and greenhouse research …

This test procedure (No. 402) provides a detailed description of the verification methods which shall be used in the developmental program to be conducted on the Combined Rotating Unit-(CRU) of the Kilowatt Isotope Power System KIPS, to fulfill the requirements of the Ground Demonstration Test Plan. The test objectives were to: establish operating conditions, overspeed conditions and to measure basic performance; measure output power; record spin-down data and calculate bearing losses; calculate turbine efficiency at steady state using spin down data and previously determined pump and alternator performance data; test 500 W(e) and 2000 W(e) units by replacing necessary hardware in one of the units and measuring basic performance; and test one of the units in the horizontal axis to demonstrate zero g operation.