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64
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15
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8
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3
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1,093 Matching Results
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Does the Endangered Species Act Listing Provide More Protection of the Polar Bear?
None
Date:
November 10, 2010
Creator:
Alexander, Kristina
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gray Wolves Under the Endangered Species Act: Distinct Population Segments and Experimental Populations
This report analyzes the DPS designation process as it is applied to the gray wolf. It also examines experimental populations of wolves under the ESA and their protections. As part of its oversight responsibilities, Congress has conducted hearings on the Fish and Wildlife Service’s application of science to endangered species.
Date:
August 10, 2010
Creator:
Alexander, Kristina & Corn, M. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Muon Fluence Measurements for Homeland Security Applications
This report focuses on work conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to better characterize aspects of backgrounds in RPMs deployed for homeland security purposes. Two polyvinyl toluene scintillators were utilized with supporting NIM electronics to measure the muon coincidence rate. Muon spallation is one mechanism by which background neutrons are produced. The measurements performed concentrated on a broad investigation of the dependence of the muon flux on a) variations in solid angle subtended by the detector; b) the detector inclination with the horizontal; c) depth underground; and d) diurnal effects. These tests were conducted inside at Building 318/133, outdoors at Building 331G, and underground at Building 3425 at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Date:
August 10, 2010
Creator:
Ankney, Austin S.; Berguson, Timothy J.; Borgardt, James D. & Kouzes, Richard T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Running Deficits: Positives and Pitfalls
This report discusses how deficit finance can help governments manage their economies and how large and persistent deficits can lead to severe economic problems.
Date:
March 10, 2010
Creator:
Austin, D. Andrew
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Trends in Discretionary Spending
Discretionary spending is provided in, and controlled by, annual appropriations acts, which fund many of the routine activities commonly associated with such federal government functions as running executive branch agencies, congressional offices and agencies, and international operations of the government. Essentially all spending on federal wages and salaries is discretionary. This report discusses historical, current, and projected discretionary spending trends. It also describes how current discretionary spending trends reflect national priorities.
Date:
September 10, 2010
Creator:
Austin, D. Andrew & Levit, Mindy R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
On the effect of x-ray irradiation on the deformation and fracture behavior of human cortical bone
In situ mechanical testing coupled with imaging using high-energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction or tomography imaging is gaining in popularity as a technique to investigate micrometer and even sub-micrometer deformation and fracture mechanisms in mineralized tissues, such as bone and teeth. However, the role of the irradiation in affecting the nature and properties of the tissue is not always taken into account. Accordingly, we examine here the effect of x-ray synchrotron-source irradiation on the mechanistic aspects of deformation and fracture in human cortical bone. Specifically, the strength, ductility and fracture resistance (both work-of-fracture and resistance-curve fracture toughness) of human femoral bone in the transverse (breaking) orientation were evaluated following exposures to 0.05, 70, 210 and 630 kGy irradiation. Our results show that the radiation typically used in tomography imaging can have a major and deleterious impact on the strength, post-yield behavior and fracture toughness of cortical bone, with the severity of the effect progressively increasing with higher doses of radiation. Plasticity was essentially suppressed after as little as 70 kGy of radiation; the fracture toughness was decreased by a factor of five after 210 kGy of radiation. Mechanistically, the irradiation was found to alter the salient toughening mechanisms, manifest by the …
Date:
January 10, 2010
Creator:
Barth, Holly D.; Launey, Maximilien E.; McDowell, Alastair A.; Ager, Joel W., III & Ritchie, Robert O.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Prognostic Method for Scheduling Maintenance on the P2- Marx Modulator
The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is developing a second generation Marx-type modulator for the ILC, the P2-Marx. The modulator is expected to operate reliably in excess of 10{sup 5} hours with minimum downtime. A prognostic system is being implemented with the development of the P2-Marx to monitor and track the health of key high voltage components. This paper discusses the way in which the prognostic system will be implemented and used to monitor the health of the P2-Marx modulator.
Date:
June 10, 2010
Creator:
Benwell, Andrew; Burkhart, Craig; Kemp, Mark; Macken, Koen; Nguyen, Minh; MacNair, Dave et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Exact SU(2) Symmetry and Persistent Spin Helix in a Spin-Orbit Coupled System
Spin-orbit coupled systems generally break the spin rotation symmetry. However, for a model with equal Rashba and Dresselhauss coupling constant (the ReD model), and for the [110] Dresselhauss model, a new type of SU(2) spin rotation symmetry is discovered. This symmetry is robust against spin-independent disorder and interactions, and is generated by operators whose wavevector depends on the coupling strength. It renders the spin lifetime infinite at this wavevector, giving rise to a Persistent Spin Helix (PSH). We obtain the spin fluctuation dynamics at, and away, from the symmetry point, and suggest experiments to observe the PSH.
Date:
February 10, 2010
Creator:
Bernevig, Andrei
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Background and Policy Issues
The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is an international treaty that addresses the rights of children worldwide. It calls on States Parties to take all appropriate measures to ensure that children receive special rights, including the right to a name and nationality; access to healthcare, education, and parental care; and protection from exploitation, abuse, and neglect. This report provides a brief history of the Convention and outlines its objectives and structure, including the role and responsibilities of the treaty's monitoring body, the Committee on the Rights of the Child. It examines U.S. policy toward CRC, including the positions of past and current Administrations and congressional perspectives. The report also addresses selected policy issues that the 111th Congress may wish to take into account if considering ratification of CRC-- including the treaty's possible impact on U.S. sovereignty, federal and state laws, and parental rights. Other issues for possible consideration include the effectiveness of the Convention in protecting children's rights, and its role as a U.S. foreign policy instrument.
Date:
May 10, 2010
Creator:
Blanchfield, Luisa
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A moving target: responding to magnetic and structural disorder in lanthanide- and actinide-based superconductors
The effects of various chemical substitutions and induced lattice disorder in the Ce- and Pu-based 115 superconductors are reviewed, with particular emphasis on results from x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. The PuCoGa{sub 5} system offers the opportunity to follow changes in magnetic and electronic properties due to lattice disorder as a function of time in the same samples, in addition to the more traditional approach of perturbing the superconducting state through chemical substitutions. The reviewed work establishes a baseline for such future studies by determining the intrinsic lattice order in the 115 system, successfully understanding disorder as introduced through chemical substitutions in the Ce-based 115s, and beginning to explore the surprisingly large role of self-irradiation damage directly on the PuCoGa{sub 5} lattice. These studies lay the foundation for the harder future work toward measuring chemical substitutions in PuCoGa{sub 5}, correlating effects with non-Fermi liquid behavior, and obtaining a better structural picture of the distortions induced by {alpha}-decay of the plutonium nucleus.
Date:
February 10, 2010
Creator:
Booth, Corwin H.; Bauer, Eric D. & Mitchel, Jeremy N.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Current Density and Plasma Displacement Near Perturbed Rational Surface
The current density in the vicinity of a rational surface of a force-free magnetic field subjected to an ideal perturbation is shown to be the sum of both a smooth and a delta-function distribution, which give comparable currents. The maximum perturbation to the smooth current density is comparable to a typical equilibrium current density and the width of the layer in which the current flows is shown to be proportional to the perturbation amplitude. In the standard linearized theory, the plasma displacement has an unphysical jump across the rational surface, but the full theory gives a continuous displacement.
Date:
October 10, 2010
Creator:
Boozer, A. H. & Pomphrey, N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Heterotrophic Soil Respiration in Warming Experiments: Using Microbial Indicators to Partition Contributions from Labile and Recalcitrant Soil Organic Carbon. Final Report
The central objective of the proposed work was to develop a genomic approach (nucleic acid-based) that elucidates the mechanistic basis for the observed impacts of experimental soil warming on forest soil respiration. The need to understand the mechanistic basis arises from the importance of such information for developing effective adaptation strategies for dealing with projected climate change. Specifically, robust predictions of future climate will permit the tailoring of the most effective adaptation efforts. And one of the greatest uncertainties in current global climate models is whether there will be a net loss of carbon from soils to the atmosphere as climate warms. Given that soils contain approximately 2.5 times as much carbon as the atmosphere, a net loss could lead to runaway climate warming. Indeed, most ecosystem models predict that climate warming will stimulate microbial decomposition of soil carbon, producing such a positive feedback to rising global temperatures. Yet the IPCC highlights the uncertainty regarding this projected feedback. The uncertainty arises because although warming-experiments document an initial increase in the loss of carbon from soils, the increase in respiration is short-lived, declining to control levels in a few years. This attenuation could result from changes in microbial physiology with temperature. …
Date:
June 10, 2010
Creator:
Bradford, M. A.; Melillo, J. M.; Reynolds, J. F.; Treseder, K. K. & Wallenstein, M. D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
STRUCTURAL INTERACTIONS OF HYDROGEN WITH BULK AMORPHOUS MICROSTRUCTURES IN METALLIC SYSTEMS UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF PARTIAL CRYSTALLINITY ON PERMEATION AND EMBRITTLEMENT
The development of metallic glasses in bulk form has led to a resurgence of interest into the utilization of these materials for a variety of applications. A potentially exciting application for these bulk metallic glass (BMG) materials is their use as composite membranes to replace high cost Pd/Pd-alloy membranes for enhanced gas separation processes. One of the major drawbacks to the industrial use of Pd/Pd-alloy membranes is that during cycling above and below a critical temperature an irreversible change takes place in the palladium lattice structure which can result in significant damage to the membrane. Furthermore, the cost associated with Pd-based membranes is a potential detractor for their continued use and BMG alloys offer a potentially attractive alternative. Several BMG alloys have been shown to possess high permeation rates, comparable to those measured for pure Pd metal. In addition, high strength and toughness when either in-situ or ex-situ second phase dispersoids are present. Both of these properties, high permeation and high strength/toughness, potentially make these materials attractive for gas separation membranes that could resist hydrogen 'embrittlement'. However, a fundamental understanding of the relationship between partially crystalline 'structure'/devitrification and permeation/embrittlement in these BMG materials is required in order to determine the …
Date:
May 10, 2010
Creator:
Brinkman, Kyle; Fox, Elise; Korinko, Paul & Adams, Thad
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Extreme Ultraviolet Laser-based Table-top Aerial Image Metrology of Lithographic Masks
We report the first at-wavelength line edge roughness measurements of patterned EUV lithography masks realized using a table-top aerial imaging system based on a table-top {lambda}=13.2 laser.
Date:
February 10, 2010
Creator:
Brizuela, F.; Carbajo, S.; Sakdinawat, A.; Wang, Y.; Alessi, D.; Martz, D. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
General Motors' Initial Public Offering: Review of Issues and Implications for TARP
This report analyzes the progress General Motors Company has made since it was created from the sale of the bankrupt Old GM in July 2009 and the major issues related to its anticipated 2010 initial public offering (IPO).
Date:
November 10, 2010
Creator:
Canis, Bill; Webel, Baird & Shorter, Gary
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation
Although the primary focus of U.S. policy toward North Korea is the nuclear weapons program, there are a host of other issues, which this report explores through an overview of the U.S.-North Korea relationship, including an emphasis on the diplomacy of the Six-Party Talks. Please refer to the list at the end of this report for the full list of CRS reports focusing on other North Korean issues.
Date:
November 10, 2010
Creator:
Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Taylor, Mi Ae
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Metabolic Design and Control for Production in Prokaryotes
Prokaryotic life on earth is manifested by its diversity and omnipresence. These microbes serve as natural sources of a large variety of compounds with the potential to serve the ever growing, medicinal, chemical and transportation needs of the human population. However, commercially viable production of these compounds can be realized only through significant improvement of the native production capacity of natural isolates. The most favorable way to achieve this goal is through the genetic manipulation of metabolic pathways that direct the production of these molecules. While random mutagenesis and screening have dominated the industrial production of such compounds in the past our increased understanding of microbial physiology over the last five decades has shifted this trend towards rational approaches for metabolic design. Major drivers of this trend include recombinant DNA technology, high throughput characterization of macromolecular cellular components, quantitative modeling for metabolic engine ring, targeted combinatorial engineering and synthetic biology. In this chapter we track the evolution of microbial engineering technologies from the black box era of random mutagenesis to the science and engineering-driven era of metabolic design.
Date:
November 10, 2010
Creator:
Chhabra, Swapnil R. & Keasling, J.D.
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The compressibility of cubic white and orthorhombic, rhombohedral, and simple cubic black phosphorus
The effect of pressure on the crystal structure of white phosphorus has been studied up to 22.4 GPa. The ?alpha phase was found to transform into the alpha' phase at 0.87 +- 0.04 GPa with a volume change of 0.1 +- 0.3 cc/mol. A fit of a second order Birch- Murnaghan equation to the data gave Vo = 16.94 ? 0.08 cc/mol and Ko = 6.7 +- 0.5 GPa for the alpha phase and Vo = 16.4 +- 0.1 cc/mol and Ko = 9.1 +- 0.3 GPa for the alpha' phase. The alpha' phase was found to transform to the A17 phase of black phosphorus at 2.68 +- 0.34 GPa and then with increasing pressure to the A7 and then simple cubic phase of black phosphorus. A fit of a second order Birch-Murnaghan equation to our data combined with previous measurements gave Vo = 11.43 +- 0.05 cc/mol and Ko = 34.7 +- 0.5 GPa for the A17 phase, Vo = 9.62 +- 0.01 cc/mol and Ko = 65.0 +- 0.6 GPa for the A7 phase and , Vo = 9.23 +- 0.01 cc/mol and Ko = 72.5 +- 0.3 GPa for the simple cubic phase.
Date:
March 10, 2010
Creator:
Clark, Simon M & Zaug, Joseph
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Wavelength measurement of n = 3 - n' = 3 transitions in highly charged tungsten ions
3s{sub 1/2} - 3p{sub 3/2} and 3p{sub 1/2} - 3d{sub 3/2} transitions have been studied in potassium-like W{sup 55+} through neon-like W{sup 64}+ ions at the electron-beam ion trap facility in Livermore. The wavelengths of the lines have been measured in high resolution relative to well known reference lines from oxygen and nitrogen ions. Using the high-energy SuperEBIT electron-beam ion trap and an R = 44.3 m grazing-incidence soft x-ray spectrometer, the lines were observed with a cryogenic charge-coupled device camera. The wavelength data for the sodium-like and magnesium-like tungsten lines are compared with theoretical predictions for ions along the isoelectronic sequences.
Date:
March 10, 2010
Creator:
Clementson, J & Beiersdorfer, P
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ghana, an Emergent Oil Producer: Background and U.S. Relations
This report provides information on current developments in Ghana and Ghanaian-U.S. relations, which are close.
Date:
January 10, 2010
Creator:
Cook, Nicolas
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Eagle Nebula Experiments on NIF: NIF Facility Time Proposal
None
Date:
June 10, 2010
Creator:
Cooper, A. B.; Remington, B. A.; Pound, M. W.; Moore, A. S.; MacLaren, S. A.; Williams, R. J. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Initial Final Rules Implementing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
This report describes the final rules implementing PPACA that had been published in the Federal Register during the first 8 1/2 months of implementation. This report lists the 18 final rules, including a summary of their requirements and their effective dates.
Date:
December 10, 2010
Creator:
Copeland, Curtis W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Biotechnology in Animal Agriculture: Status and Current Issues
This report mainly focus on the Status and Current Issues Biotechnology in Animal Agriculture which is rapidly advancing in Biotechnology.
Date:
September 10, 2010
Creator:
Cowan, Tadlock
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deepwater Horizon Response: Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Response
This website served as the focal point for the Deepwater Horizon Unified Command, a group of organizations that had involvement with the British Petroleum (BP) explosion and oil spill that occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010. The website includes news feeds and information about health concerns, volunteer opportunities, contact information, and ongoing plans for the area. Various maps of the event and other resources are also available, chronicling the problem and the steps taken by the member organizations to deal with the effects.
Date:
September 10, 2010
Creator:
Deepwater Horizon Unified Command
Object Type:
Website
System:
The UNT Digital Library