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Recruiting and Retention: An Overview of FY2005 and FY2006 Results for Active and Reserve Component Enlisted Personnel (open access)

Recruiting and Retention: An Overview of FY2005 and FY2006 Results for Active and Reserve Component Enlisted Personnel

None
Date: January 20, 2006
Creator: Kapp, Lawrence
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Palestinian Elections (open access)

Palestinian Elections

None
Date: February 9, 2006
Creator: Pina, Aaron D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan-U.S. Relations (open access)

Pakistan-U.S. Relations

None
Date: February 10, 2006
Creator: Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan: Chronology of Recent Events (open access)

Pakistan: Chronology of Recent Events

None
Date: February 7, 2006
Creator: Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Exempting Food and Agriculture Products from U.S. Economic Sanctions: Status and Implementation (open access)

Exempting Food and Agriculture Products from U.S. Economic Sanctions: Status and Implementation

Falling agricultural exports and declining commodity prices led farm groups and agribusiness firms to urge the 106th Congress to pass legislation exempting foods and agricultural commodities from U.S. economic sanctions against certain countries. In completing action on the FY2001 agriculture appropriations bill, Congress codified the lifting of unilateral sanctions on commercial sales of food, agricultural commodities, medicine, and medical products to Iran, Libya, North Korea, and Sudan, and extended this policy to apply to Cuba (Title IX of H.R. 5426, as enacted by P.L. 106-387; Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000). Related provisions place financing and licensing conditions on sales to these countries. Those that apply to Cuba, though, are permanent and more restrictive than for the other countries. Other provisions give Congress the authority in the future to veto a President's proposal to impose a sanction on the sale of agricultural or medical products.
Date: January 20, 2006
Creator: Jurenas, Remy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Stem Cell Research (open access)

Stem Cell Research

None
Date: January 11, 2006
Creator: Johnson, Judith A. & Williams, Erin D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Broadband Internet Regulation and Access: Background and Issues (open access)

Broadband Internet Regulation and Access: Background and Issues

This is one part in the series of reports that provide a background and analysis, and most recent developments regarding broadband or high-speed Internet access. The report starts out by answering questions; what is broadband and why is it important? This report also discusses broadband technologies, the status of broadband deployment and the related policy issues, as well as the legislation in congress.
Date: January 26, 2006
Creator: Gilroy, Angele A. & Kruger, Lennard G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Passenger Rail Security: Overview of Issues (open access)

Passenger Rail Security: Overview of Issues

None
Date: January 20, 2006
Creator: Peterman, David Randall
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Military Health Care: The Issue of "Promised" Benefits (open access)

Military Health Care: The Issue of "Promised" Benefits

None
Date: January 19, 2006
Creator: Burrelli, David F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Cargo Security (open access)

Air Cargo Security

The air cargo system is vulnerable to several security threats, including: potential plots to place explosives aboard aircraft; illegal shipments of hazardous materials; criminal activities such as smuggling and theft; and potential hijackings and sabotage by persons with access to aircraft. This report discusses legislative efforts currently underway to improve air cargo system security.
Date: January 26, 2006
Creator: Elias, Bartholomew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Awards of Attorneys' Fees by Federal Courts and Federal Agencies (open access)

Awards of Attorneys' Fees by Federal Courts and Federal Agencies

In the United States, the general rule, which derives from common law, is that each side in a legal proceeding pays for its own attorney. There are many exceptions, however, in which federal courts, and occasionally federal agencies, may order the losing party to pay the attorneys’ fees of the prevailing party. The major common law exception authorizes federal courts (not agencies) to order a losing party that acts in bad faith to pay the prevailing party’s fees. This report discusses the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), which makes the United States liable for attorneys’ fees of up to $125 per hour in many court cases and administrative proceedings that it loses (and some that it wins) and fails to prove that its position was substantially justified.
Date: January 24, 2006
Creator: Cohen, Henry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Banking and Securities Regulation and Agency Enforcement Authorities (open access)

Banking and Securities Regulation and Agency Enforcement Authorities

The federal bank regulatory agencies — the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the Office of Thrift Supervision — have extensive authority to enforce various legal and regulatory standards with respect to the banking institutions that they supervise. Similarly, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has a wide range of tools to enforce the securities laws. This report provides a brief sketch of these authorities and identifies the organizational entities within each agency that Congress assigns enforcement responsibilities. It includes a table comparing the formal enforcement tools that the banking agencies may use with those of the SEC.
Date: January 17, 2006
Creator: Jackson, William D.; Jickling, Mark; Shorter, Gary; Murphy, M. Maureen & Seitzinger, Michael V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

This report provides an overview of U.S. policy concerns and relations with countries in central Asia. The report discusses issues such as Fostering Pro-Western Orientations, Obstacles to Peace and Independence, Democratization and Human Rights, Security and Arms Control, Trade and Investment, and provides an Aid Overview.
Date: January 24, 2006
Creator: Nichol, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Charitable Choice: Legal and Constitutional Issues (open access)

Charitable Choice: Legal and Constitutional Issues

This report provides analysis of a number of factual, civil rights, and constitutional questions that have been raised regarding charitable choice in general. The analysis is generally focused on those provisions enacted as part of the 1996 welfare reform law. More recent charitable choice rules may give rise to the same or similar concerns. Primarily, this report focuses on civil rights concerns that have arisen in the context of charitable choice and First Amendment issues, as well as recent legal developments related to charitable choice.
Date: January 27, 2006
Creator: Welborn, Angie A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues (open access)

China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues

Congress has long been concerned about whether U.S. policy advances the national interest in reducing the role of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and missiles that could deliver them. China has taken some steps to mollify U.S. concerns about its role in weapons proliferation. Skeptics question whether China's cooperation in weapons nonproliferation has warranted President Bush's pursuit of stronger bilateral ties. This report discusses the national security problem of China's role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the U.S. policy response, including legislation, since the mid-1990s.
Date: January 31, 2006
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress

This report focuses on the implications that certain elements of China’s military modernization may have for future required U.S. Navy capabilities. The issue for Congress addressed in this report is: How should China’s military modernization be factored into decisions about U.S. Navy programs? Congress’s decisions on this issue could significantly affect future U.S. Navy capabilities, U.S. Navy funding requirements, and the U.S. defense industrial base, including the shipbuilding industry.
Date: January 10, 2006
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Economic Conditions (open access)

China's Economic Conditions

China’s economy continues to be a concern to U.S. policymakers. On the one hand, China’s economic growth presents huge opportunities for U.S. exporters. On the other hand, the surge in Chinese exports to the United States has put competitive pressures on many U.S. industries. Many U.S. policymakers have argued that greater efforts should be made to pressure China to fully implement its WTO commitments and to change various economic policies deemed harmful to U.S. economic interests, such as its currency peg and its use of subsidies to support its SOEs. In addition, recent bids by Chinese state-owned firms to purchase various U.S. firms have raised concerns among Members over the impact such acquisitions could have on U.S. national and economic security.
Date: January 12, 2006
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Trade with the United States and the World (open access)

China's Trade with the United States and the World

This report provides a quantitative framework for policy considerations dealing with U.S. trade with China. It provides basic data and analysis of China’s international trade with the United States and other countries. Since Chinese data differ considerably from those of its trading partners (because of how entrepot trade through Hong Kong is counted), data from both PRC sources and those of its trading partners are presented. Charts showing import trends by sector for the United States highlight China’s growing market shares in many industries and also show import shares for Japan, Canada, Mexico, the European Union, and the Association for Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN ).
Date: January 23, 2006
Creator: Lum, Thomas & Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Gifts and Travel: Legislative Proposals for the 109th Congress (open access)

Congressional Gifts and Travel: Legislative Proposals for the 109th Congress

The House and Senate examined their rules on the acceptance of gifts and travel expenses. Press accounts of alleged excesses in privately funded congressional travel and gifts, particularly from lobbyists, have provided an impetus for proposed changes in the 109th Congress. This report provides an analysis of the proposals for change introduced or discussed in the 109th Congress and will be updated as events warrant.
Date: January 17, 2006
Creator: Amer, Mildred L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conventional Warheads for Long-Range Ballistic Missiles: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Conventional Warheads for Long-Range Ballistic Missiles: Background and Issues for Congress

This report provides an overview of the Administration’s rationale for the possible deployment of conventional warheads on long-range ballistic missiles. It then reviews the Air Force and Navy efforts to develop these systems. It summarizes congressional reaction to these proposals, then provides a more detailed account of the issues raised by these concepts and programs.
Date: February 13, 2006
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cuba: Issues for the 109th Congress (open access)

Cuba: Issues for the 109th Congress

This report, which will be updated regularly, examines issues in U.S.-Cuban relations and tracks legislative initiatives on Cuba in the 109th Congress. The 109th Congress will likely continue an active interest in Cuba concerning human rights, debate over economic sanctions (especially on travel), food and agricultural exports to Cuba, terrorism issues, Radio and TV Marti, bilateral anti-drug cooperation, and migration issues.
Date: January 23, 2006
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cuba: U.S. Restrictions on Travel and Remittances (open access)

Cuba: U.S. Restrictions on Travel and Remittances

Restrictions on travel to Cuba have been a key and often contentious component in U.S. efforts to isolate the communist government of Fidel Castro for much of the past 40 years. Under the Bush Administration, enforcement of U.S. restrictions on Cuba travel has increased, and restrictions on travel and on private remittances to Cuba have been tightened. Several legislative initiatives have been introduced in the 109th Congress that would ease restrictions on travel and remittances to Cuba. These bills would, among other things, lift overall restrictions on travel to Cuba, lift the overall embargo, and ease restrictions on exporting agricultural commodities to Cuba.
Date: February 16, 2006
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Data Mining and Homeland Security: An Overview (open access)

Data Mining and Homeland Security: An Overview

Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining.
Date: July 27, 2006
Creator: Seifert, Jeffrey W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Education-Related Hurricane Relief: Legislative Action (open access)

Education-Related Hurricane Relief: Legislative Action

This report provides an overview of the waivers that have been granted by the Department of Education in response to the Gulf Coast hurricanes; three public laws that have been enacted, specifically to provide financial relief to postsecondary students and institutions of higher education; and education-related hurricane relief provisions included in FY2006 defense appropriations. For K-12 education, the latter provides several waivers of existing requirements and appropriates $1.4 billion, primarily to restart school operations in affected areas and to provide emergency impact aid grants to schools serving displaced students. For higher education, P.L. 109-148 provides waivers of existing requirements and makes available $200 million to provide assistance under various HEA programs.
Date: January 12, 2006
Creator: Skinner, Rebecca R.; Apling, Richard N.; Irwin, Paul M.; Smole, David P.; Mercer, Charmaine & Kuenzi, Jeffrey J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library