During this period work has encompassed: (a) development of electropotential drop techniques to monitor the growth of cracks in steel specimens for a variety of specimen geometries; (b) micromechanical modeling of fracture using finite element calculations of crack and notch-tip stress and strain fields; (3) examining helium effects on radiation damage in austenitic and ferritic stainless steels; (4) analysis of the degradation of the mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels for the purpose of assessing the feasibility of using these steels in ITER; (5) development of an integrated approach to integrity assessment; and (6) development of advanced methods of measuring fracture properties.

A new type of electrodynamic balance was designed, constructed and applied to the study of the chemistry of macerals and the chemical reaction between CaO sorbent particles and SO[sub 2]. The single-particle device was coupled to a Raman spectrometer. With this balance a single electrically charged microparticle is suspended in visible and infrared laser beams by means of superposed ac and dc electrical fields. The apparatus was designed to permit gas flow through the chamber so that gas-solid and gas-liquid chemical reactions can be carried out. A visible laser beam was used to illuminate the particle for Raman and fluorescence measurements, and an infrared laser beam was used to heat the particle. An overview of the experimental system is presented in Figure 1. The levitated particles were heated from two sides using a CO[sub 2] laser operating at the infrared wavelength of 10.6 [mu]m. The optical system used to direct the heating laser beam to the target is shown in Figure 2. Infrared detectors indicated in Figure 1 were used to measure the particle temperature by two-color pyrometery. A new technique was explored to independently determine the particle temperature; the method involves measuring the ratio of the intensities of Stokes …

In 1979, a K-edge densitometer (KED) was installed by the Safeguards Assay group from Los Alamos National Laboratory in the PNC reprocessing plant at Tokai-mura, Japan. It uses an active nondestructive assay technique, KED, to measure the plutonium concentration of the product solution. The measurement uncertainty of an assay depends on the count time chosen, but can be 0.5% or better. The computer hardware and software were upgraded in 1992. This manual describes the operation of the instrument, with an emphasis on the user interface to the software.

The Department of Energy has established specifications for the DWPF product, which require that the DWPF provide estimates of the service life of the canister label, provide assurance that the DWPF canister will be leaktight when shipped, demonstrate that the contents of the canistered waste form will not lead to internal corrosion of the canister. The DWPF has elected to meet these requirements, in part, by characterizing canisters produced in the facility during the Startup Test Program. This includes canisters filled on the pour turntable (normal conditions) and canisters filled on the drain turntable (credible upset conditions expected to be more severe due to higher temperatures). This document identifies the requirements for characterization of the canister fabrication welds and canister labels (characterization of canister closure welds is being performed by Equipment Engineering Section), and for estimation of their service life in DWPF's Glass Waste Storage Building.

The mechanical behavior of a silicon crystal under bending is investigated. For a crystal of length 30 mm and thickness 3 mm, to achieve the specified bend angle of 0.64 mrad, the appropriate angle of the aluminum punches is 0.96 mrad.

The detailed design of a sliding sleeve valve operated by wireline has been completed. This Downhole Valve is obtained by modifications of two 2 7/8 in. commercial wireline-retrievable sleeve assemblies,which will be used to connect one of the upper branches of the patented Dual Whipstock to the 2 3/8 in. steam tubing,through a thermal expansion joint. Detailed engineering drawings and materials specifications have been completed. The design of the 30 ft-long joint comprising an H joint at the top a dual whipstock at the bottom and flow control devices for up to three drainholes equipped with 1.75 in. liners has been completed for a 7 in. cased well. This combination may be used in multi-layered reservoirs as well as in single layered reservoirs. It is also compatible with rod pump locations either above the kick-off pointsor near the base of the curved part of the drainhole liners. This design provides sufficient flexibility for most potential applications in the California market.

We investigate the effects of secondary interactions in nucleus- nucleus and proton-nucleus collisions using a modified HIJET Monte Carlo generator. The effects of N[sup *] production is explored and it is found that the numbers of kaons can almost be explained by their inclusion. However the transverse momentum spectrum of the kaons is not explained, since their production in HIJET is a soft secondary scattering process and not a hot thermal process like the data.

The principal objective of this research is to determine the role that host petroleum-derived oils (1000 [degree]F[sup +]), as that of catalytically treated host oils, play when used as liquefaction solvents in coprocessing with coal. The host oils will be extensively characterized and then pretreated in a number of ways which involve catalytic reactions such as hydrogenation, hydrocracking, and isomerization. The pretreated oils will then be characterized by elemental analysis, catalytic dehydrogenation, and NMR. The effects of the host oil on coprocessing with coal will be compared to those obtained using catalytically modified heavy oils. When appropriate, model compounds will be used to study specific reactions brought about by the pretreatments. A total of 18 pretreatment runs have been made on an AMOCO vacuum tower residuum, VTR, in an attempt to increase its hydrogen content from 10.2 wt % to a level of about 11.5%. This pretreatment resulted in a significant increase in the hydrogen content of the starting oil (10.2 wt % to 11.2%).

We present the results of [Lambda] and K[sub s[sup o]] production from Si and Pb targets with 14.6[times][Lambda] Gev/c Si beams. The measured rapidity distributions and the transverse mass exponential slopes are presented and compared with models.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Whether the Bingo Enabling Act, V.T.C.S. article 179d, requires a person to hold a commercial lessor's license if the person leases premises to an authorized organization licensed to conduct bingo.

The Internal Dosimetry Department at the Y-12 Plant maintains a state-of-the-art bioassay program managed under the guidance and regulations of the Department of Energy. The two major bioassay techniques currently used at Y-12 are the in vitro (urinalysis) and in vivo (lung counting) programs. Fecal analysis (as part of the in vitro program) is another alternative; however, since both urine and fecal analysis provide essentially the same capabilities for detecting exposures to uranium, the urinalysis is the main choice primarily for aesthetic reasons. The bioassay frequency is based on meeting NCRP 87 objectives which are to monitor the accumulation of radioactive material in exposed individuals, and to ensure that significant depositions are detected.

This report presents research objectives, discusses activities, and presents technical progress for the period April 1, 1993 through June 31, 1993 on Contract No. DE-FC21-86LC11084 with the Department of Energy, Laramie Project Office. The scope of the research program and the continuation is to study interacting hydrologic, geotechnical, and chemical factors affecting the behavior and disposal of combusted processed oil shale. The research combines bench-scale testing with large scale research sufficient to describe commercial scale embankment behavior. The large scale approach was accomplished by establishing five lysimeters, each 7.3 {times} 3.0 {times} 3.0 m deep, filled with processed oil shale that has been retorted and combusted by the Lurgi-Ruhrgas (Lurgi) process. Approximately 400 tons of Lurgi processed oil shale waste was provided by Rio Blanco Oil Shale Co., Inc. (RBOSC) through a separate cooperative agreement with the University of Wyoming (UW) to carry out this study. Three of the lysimeters were established at the RBOSC Tract C-a in the Piceance Basin of Colorado. Two lysimeters were established in the Environmental Simulation Laboratory (ESL) at UW. The ESL was specifically designed and constructed so that a large range of climatic conditions could be physically applied to the processed oil shale which …

The utility of the arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) code format is evaluated in the context of use in simulating metal forming processes. Emphasis is on large deformation processes such as casting, forging and extrusion. The basic point at issue is whether the continual remapping capability inherent in the ALE approach can provide advantages relative to the more standard approach of using a Lagrangian mesh but allowing for isolated remeshing as required. A particular ALE implementation, ALE3D, is used as the basis for the discussion. Pros and cons for this approach are presented along with illustrations of its application to actual forming problems.

During this period work has encompassed: (a) development of electropotential drop techniques to monitor the growth of cracks in steel specimens for a variety of specimen geometries; (b) micromechanical modeling of fracture using finite element calculations of crack and notch-tip stress and strain fields; (3) examining helium effects on radiation damage in austenitic and ferritic stainless steels; (4) analysis of the degradation of the mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels for the purpose of assessing the feasibility of using these steels in ITER; (5) development of an integrated approach to integrity assessment; and (6) development of advanced methods of measuring fracture properties.

This report provides a complete description of the analytic and discretized equations for 2D deterministic radiation transport. This computational model has been checked against a wide variety of analytic test problems and found to give excellent results. We make extensive use of the discontinuous finite element method.

The Department of Energy has established specifications for the DWPF product, which require that the DWPF provide estimates of the service life of the canister label, provide assurance that the DWPF canister will be leaktight when shipped, demonstrate that the contents of the canistered waste form will not lead to internal corrosion of the canister. The DWPF has elected to meet these requirements, in part, by characterizing canisters produced in the facility during the Startup Test Program. This includes canisters filled on the pour turntable (normal conditions) and canisters filled on the drain turntable (credible upset conditions expected to be more severe due to higher temperatures). This document identifies the requirements for characterization of the canister fabrication welds and canister labels (characterization of canister closure welds is being performed by Equipment Engineering Section), and for estimation of their service life in DWPF`s Glass Waste Storage Building.

This report summarizes major developments in the last ten years which have greatly expanded the space nuclear reactor power systems technology base. In the SP-100 program, after a competition between liquid-metal, gas-cooled, thermionic, and heat pipe reactors integrated with various combinations of thermoelectric thermionic, Brayton, Rankine, and Stirling energy conversion systems, three concepts:were selected for further evaluation. In 1985, the high-temperature (1,350 K), lithium-cooled reactor with thermoelectric conversion was selected for full scale development. Since then, significant progress has been achieved including the demonstration of a 7-y-life uranium nitride fuel pin. Progress on the lithium-cooled reactor with thermoelectrics has progressed from a concept, through a generic flight system design, to the design, development, and testing of specific components. Meanwhile, the USSR in 1987--88 orbited a new generation of nuclear power systems beyond the, thermoelectric plants on the RORSAT satellites. The US has continued to advance its own thermionic fuel element development, concentrating on a multicell fuel element configuration. Experimental work has demonstrated a single cell operating time of about 1 1/2-y. Technology advances have also been made in the Stirling engine; an advanced engine that operates at 1,050 K is ready for testing. Additional concepts have been studied and experiments …

The mechanical behavior of a silicon crystal under bending is investigated. For a crystal of length 30 mm and thickness 3 mm, to achieve the specified bend angle of 0.64 mrad, the appropriate angle of the aluminum punches is 0.96 mrad.

The Electronic Systems Contract Administration Payment And Invoicing Database (ESCAPAID) project is a cooperative effort to simplify and automate the contracting and billing of services between Digital Equipment Corporation (Digital) and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL).The ESCAPAID project is intended to improve productivity in both organizations by reducing the inaccuracies and the amount of manual effort in the current system. Within LANL, the project is intended to streamline operations for purchasing (N4AT Division), finance (FIN Division), and Laboratory personnel requesting maintenance contract services from Digital. In October 1992, Digital and LANL released a jointly developed Program Definition, which provides an overview of the proposed system and an eight-step strategy for implementing a preliminary model.The second step of this strategy calls for the development of a model plan, including a description of afl high-level tasks that need to be completed and a series of Gantt and PERT charts. In order to accomplish this step, representatives from Digital and LANL participated in a Joint Application Development (JAD) workshop on January 19 and 20, 1993. The results of the workshop are reflected in this document.

A model has been developed that accounts for grain growth during, superplastic flow and its subsequent influence on stress-strain-strain rate behavior. These studies are experimentally based and have involved two different types of superplastic materials -- a quasi-single phase metal (Coronze 638) and a microduplex metal (ultrahigh-carbon steel - UHCS). In both materials the kinetics of strain-enhanced grain growth have been studied as a function of strain, strain rate and temperature. An equation for the rate of grain growth has been developed that incorporates the influence of temperature. The evolution of the grain size distribution during superplastic deformation has also been investigated. Our model integrates grain growth laws derived from these studies with two mechanism based, rate dependent constitutive laws to predict the stress-strainstrain rate behavior of materials during superplastic deformation. The influence of crain size distribution and its evolution with strain and strain rate on the stress-strain-strain rate behavior has been represented through the use of distributed parameters. The model can capture the stress-strain-strain rate behavior over a wide range of strains and strain rates with a single set of parameters. Many subtle features of the mechanical response of these materials can be adequately predicted.

The principal objective of this research is to determine the role that host petroleum-derived oils (1000 {degree}F{sup +}), as that of catalytically treated host oils, play when used as liquefaction solvents in coprocessing with coal. The host oils will be extensively characterized and then pretreated in a number of ways which involve catalytic reactions such as hydrogenation, hydrocracking, and isomerization. The pretreated oils will then be characterized by elemental analysis, catalytic dehydrogenation, and NMR. The effects of the host oil on coprocessing with coal will be compared to those obtained using catalytically modified heavy oils. When appropriate, model compounds will be used to study specific reactions brought about by the pretreatments. A total of 18 pretreatment runs have been made on an AMOCO vacuum tower residuum, VTR, in an attempt to increase its hydrogen content from 10.2 wt % to a level of about 11.5%. This pretreatment resulted in a significant increase in the hydrogen content of the starting oil (10.2 wt % to 11.2%).

A PSpice model of an induction accelerator cell switched by field-effect transistors (FETS) has been developed to simulate the modulator`s circuit performance and induction core flux behavior. A FET switched induction cell has been built that generate 4-kV, 1 {mu}s pulses at pulse rates exceeding 100 kHz. The circuit architecture provides for core reset between pulses and produces bursts of pulses that are variable in amplitude, pulse width and prf. The transistor switching array, energy storage capacitors, reset circuit, and cell core are all combined into a compact, low-impedance package. This high-prf induction cell is being developed as the accelerating element for a proposed heavy-ion recirculator, which is an arrangement of many small induction mM in a 30m diameter circle. The recirculator will accept 10-MeV ions from a linear ion accelerator, under development at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, and continue their acceleration to 60-MeV by repeatedly passing the ion beam through the many 5-kV cells. As the ions gain speed, the cell prf must also keep pace by increasing from 70 kHz to 200 kHz. Simple PSpice models have been used to predict B-H loop behavior in the magnetic core and to analyze circuit performance. Simulations of the induction cell …