This report covers the period from April 1, 1989 to March 30, 1990. During this period further extrusions of fine-grained alloys of FeAl and NiAl with different aluminum contents were produced. Thus far, researchers have (1) completed room temperature mechanical testing which shows that the yield strength, {sigma}{sub y}, of FeAl shows a minimum near Fe-45Al while that for NiAl increases with increasing (nickel-rich) deviation from stoichiometry; (2) showed that the grain boundary strengthening parameter, k, in the Hall-Petch relationship, {sigma}{sub y} = {sigma}{sub 0} + k d{sup {minus}{1/2}} (where {sigma}{sub 0} is the lattice resistance and d the grain size), in FeAl shows a minimum at Fe-45Al whilst in NiAl it decreases with increasing deviation from stoichiometry; (3) studied grain boundary chemistry in near-stoichiometric NiAl and FeAl using scanning Auger electron spectroscopy at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, with the aid of Mr. R.A. Padgett, Jr.; studied grain boundary chemistry using EDS and Z-contrast imaging on field emission gun high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopes; (5) continued in-situ straining experiments in the transmission electron microscope to examine dislocation/grain boundary interactions; (6) examined dislocation structures in lightly-deformed NiAl and FeAl and, based on observations in the latter, proposed a mechanism for …

This report covers the period from April 1, 1989 to March 30, 1990. During this period further extrusions of fine-grained alloys of FeAl and NiAl with different aluminum contents were produced. Thus far, researchers have (1) completed room temperature mechanical testing which shows that the yield strength, {sigma}{sub y}, of FeAl shows a minimum near Fe-45Al while that for NiAl increases with increasing (nickel-rich) deviation from stoichiometry; (2) showed that the grain boundary strengthening parameter, k, in the Hall-Petch relationship, {sigma}{sub y} = {sigma}{sub 0} + k d{sup {minus}{1/2}} (where {sigma}{sub 0} is the lattice resistance and d the grain size), in FeAl shows a minimum at Fe-45Al whilst in NiAl it decreases with increasing deviation from stoichiometry; (3) studied grain boundary chemistry in near-stoichiometric NiAl and FeAl using scanning Auger electron spectroscopy at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, with the aid of Mr. R.A. Padgett, Jr.; studied grain boundary chemistry using EDS and Z-contrast imaging on field emission gun high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopes; (5) continued in-situ straining experiments in the transmission electron microscope to examine dislocation/grain boundary interactions; (6) examined dislocation structures in lightly-deformed NiAl and FeAl and, based on observations in the latter, proposed a mechanism for …

A ground state depleted (GSD){sup 1,2} laser has been demonstrated in the form of a Q-switched oscillator operating at 912 nm. Using Nd{sup 3+} as the active ion and Y{sub 2}SiO{sub 5} as the host material, the laser transition is from the lowest lying stark level of the Nd{sup 3t}F{sub 3/2} level to a stark level 355 cm{sup {minus}1} above the lowest lying one in the {sup 4}I{sub 9/2} manifold. The necessity of depleting the ground {sup 4}I{sub 9/2} manifold is evident for this level scheme as transparency requires a 10% inversion. To achieve the high excitation levels required for the efficient operation of this laser, bleach wave pumping using an alexandrite laser at 745 nm has been employed. The existence of a large absorption feature at 810 nm also allows for the possibility of AlGaAs laser diode pumping. Using KNbO{sub 3}, noncritical phase matching is possible at 140{degree}C using d{sub 32} and has been demonstrated. The results of Q-switched laser performance and harmonic generation in KNbO{sub 3} will be presented. Orthosilicate can be grown in large boules of excellent optical quality using a Czochralski technique. Because of the relatively small 912 nm emission cross section of 2-3 {times} 10{sup …

There is an OR module assembly stand in use at IB4. This design has been approved by safety, as presented by Mike Foley, and has been successfully used. Another one is needed at the D-zero assembly building, but some modifications need to be made. This report will show that the new modified design is at least as strong, if not stronger, than the older IB4 design in every aspect. Since the weight distribution of the OR modules on the sling is indeterminate, this report compares three cases of support for the entire assembly: the lowest two beams only, the lowest four beams only, and all six beams. In each of these cases, the new design is stronger than the old design in maximum allowable weight. The ability of the the cradle to support the weight is also shown. For all of the failure conditions except for two, the cradle is stronger than the beams that it supports. In the two excepted situations, the calculated limit of the cradle is less than the beams it supports. This is because no credit is taken for the sling and strongback, which in reality will relieve much of the horizontal load.

The EGS4 Code System has been coupled with the SLAC Unified Graphics System in such a manner as to provide a means for displaying showers on UGS77-supported devices. This is most easily accomplished by attaching an auxiliary subprogram package (SHOWGRAF) to existing EGS4 User Codes and making use of a graphics display or a post-processor code called EGS4PL. SHOWGRAF may be used to create shower displays directly on interactive IBM 5080 color display devices, supporting three-dimensional rotations, translations, and zoom features, and providing illustration of particle types and energies by color and/or intensity. Alternatively, SHOWGRAF may be used to record a two-dimensional projection of the shower in a device-independent graphics file. The EGS4PL post-processor may then be used to convert this file into device-dependent graphics code for any UGS77-supported device. Options exist within EGS4PL that allow for two-dimensional translations and zoom, for creating line structure to indicate particle types and energies, and for optional display of particles by type. All of this is facilitated by means of the command processor EGS4PL EXEC together with new options (5080 and PDEV) with the standard EGS4IN EXEC routine for running EGS4 interactively under VM/SP. 6 refs.

Application of vapor pulse compression for increasing the intensity of a large copper vapor laser pumped dye laser for x-ray generation is limited by collisional absorption and nonlinear pulse breakup. We discuss measurements of these effects. 7 refs., 1 fig., 11 tabs.

While much research is needed to assess the reality and consequences of alpha-induced instabilities, crude transport estimates for the TAE mode indicate that as little as 10 percent of the alpha energy would be deposited in steady-state. Even so, CIT and the ITER technology phase would meet their minimal goals of Q = 5 if only the alphas themselves are ejected and not the fuel itself. Higher gain up to Q {approximately} 20 may be possible in driven reactors of a different design, depending on the effects of aspect ratio and other geometric features on confinement. Very high gain still requires alpha testing. 5 refs.

Spatial statistics have recently been applied in epidemiology to evaluate clusters of cancer and birth defects. Their use requires a comparison population, drawn from the population at risk for disease, that may not always be readily available. In this dissertation the plausibility of using data on all birth defects, available from birth defects registries, as a surrogate for the spatial distribution of all live births in the analysis of clusters is assessed. Three spatial statistics that have been applied in epidemiologic investigations of clusters, nearest neighbor distance, average interpoint distance, and average distance to a fixed point, were evaluated by computer simulation for their properties in a unit square, and in a zip code region. Comparison of spatial distributions of live births and birth defects was performed by drawing samples of live births and birth defects from Santa Clara County, determining the street address at birth, geocoding this address and evaluating the resultant maps using various statistical techniques. The proposed method was then demonstrated on a previously confirmed cluster of oral cleft cases. All live births for the neighborhood were geocoded, as were all birth defects. Evaluation of this cluster using the nearest neighbor and average interpoint distance statistics was …

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The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS 1983) and the State of Hawaii (DLNR 1986) have listed as endangered six forest bird species for the Island of Hawaii. Two of these birds, the O'u (Psittirostra psittacea) and the Hawaiian hawk (Buteo solitarius) may be present within the Geothermal resource sub-zone (Scott et al. 1986). Thus, their presence could impact future development within the resource area. This report presents the results of a bird survey conducted August 11 and 12, 1990 in the sub-zone in and around the proposed well site and pad for True/Mid Pacific Geothermal Well No.2.

The Wyodak, Upper Freeport and Pocahontas No. 3 samples containing DPPD display a decrease in spin density as compared to the starting coals. Coincident with this decrease is a loss or decrease of the narrow inertinite signal in the esr spectrum of these coals. The Pittsburgh No. 8 coal sample containing DPPD also displays a loss of spin density as compared to the starting coal but there is no change in the esr spectrum. These results compare well with earlier work involving 4-vinylpyridine and the same coal samples. We discovered the presence of poly(4-vinylpyridine) in our coal samples and a concurrent loss of inertinite radical density. It is possible that the inertinite radicals may initiate the polymerization or in the present work may abstract hydrogen from DPPD. No C=N stretch was displayed in the IR spectrum to substantiate this claim.

The Wyodak, Upper Freeport and Pocahontas No. 3 samples containing DPPD display a decrease in spin density as compared to the starting coals. Coincident with this decrease is a loss or decrease of the narrow inertinite signal in the esr spectrum of these coals. The Pittsburgh No. 8 coal sample containing DPPD also displays a loss of spin density as compared to the starting coal but there is no change in the esr spectrum. These results compare well with earlier work involving 4-vinylpyridine and the same coal samples. We discovered the presence of poly(4-vinylpyridine) in our coal samples and a concurrent loss of inertinite radical density. It is possible that the inertinite radicals may initiate the polymerization or in the present work may abstract hydrogen from DPPD. No C=N stretch was displayed in the IR spectrum to substantiate this claim.

The purpose of this writeup is to supplement the publication, Massively Parallel Fokker-Planck Calculations,'' which appeared in the Proceedings of the Fifth Distributed Memory Computing Conference. Results obtained subsequent to that presentation are reported. This work is not self-contained; the reader should refer to that publication.

The Fokker-Planck package FPPAC had been converted to the Connection Machine 2 (CM2). For fine mesh cases the CM2 outperforms the Cray-2 when it comes to time-integrating the difference equations. For long Legendre expansions the CM2 is also faster at computing the Fokker-Planck coefficients. 3 refs.

Experimental photoion-photoelectron coincidence (PIPECO) spectra have been obtained at different nozzle stagnation pressures for Ar, Kr, Xe, and CO dimers and trimers in the wavelength regions corresponding to the respective ground states through all states accessible with a photon energy of 20 eV. Ionization energies for all ground states were measured and agree well with previously reported values. The formation of stable dimer ions from fragmentation of larger cluster ions initially produced by photoionization is efficient. For nozzle expansion conditions which minimize the formation of clusters larger than dimers, the intensities of the excited PIPECO bands for all clusters, except Ar{sub 2}{sup +} and Ar{sub 3}{sup +}, are found to be negligible with respect to the ground state PIPECO bands. The PIPECO technique has been used successfully to obtain the mass-selected threshold photoelectron spectra of the SO and S{sub 2}O transient molecules formed from a microwave discharge, effusive beam source. Analysis of the PIPECO spectra of all the clusters and transient molecules are presented. 177 refs., 32 figs., 6 tabs.

To participate in the 1990 CORA Workshop at Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe (KfK) GmbH, Karlsruhe, FRG, on October 1--4, and to participate in detailed discussions on October 5 with the KfK CORA Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) experiments. The traveler attended the 1990 CORA Workshop at KfK, FRG. Participation included the presentation of a paper on work performed by the Boiling Water Reactor Core Melt Progression Phenomena Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) on posttest analyses of CORA BWR experiments. The Statement of Work (November 1989) for the BWR Core Melt Progression Phenomena Program provides for pretest and posttest analyses of the BWR CORA experiments performed at KfK. Additionally, it is intended that ORNL personnel participate in the planning process for future CORA BWR experiments. For these purposes, meetings were held with KfK staff to discuss such topics as (1) experimental test schedule, (2) BWR test conduct, (3) perceived BWR experimental needs, and (4) KfK operational staff needs with respect to ORNL support. 19 refs.

The effect of surface modes of propagation on coupling to fast waves in the LHRF is studied theoretically and experimentally. The previously reported up-down' poloidal phasing asymmetry for coupling to a uniform plasma is shown to be due to the properties of a mode which carries energy along the plasma-conducting wall interface. Comparison of the theory with coupling experiments performed on the PLT tokamak with a phased array of twelve dielectric-loaded waveguides at 800 MHz shows that the observed dependence of the net reflection coefficient on toroidal phase angle can be explained only if the surface wave is taken into account. 43 refs., 10 figs.

The alias method is a Monte Carlo sampling technique that offers significant advantages over more traditional methods. It equals the accuracy of table lookup and the speed of equal probable bins. The original formulation of this method sampled from discrete distributions and was easily extended to histogram distributions. We have extended the method further to applications more germane to Monte Carlo particle transport codes: continuous distributions. This paper presents the alias method as originally derived and our extensions to simple continuous distributions represented by piecewise linear functions. We also present a method to interpolate accurately between distributions tabulated at points other than the point of interest. We present timing studies that demonstrate the method's increased efficiency over table lookup and show further speedup achieved through vectorization. 6 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

Nearly all applications of gamma-ray spectrometry in the quanitative assay of special nuclear materials can be grouped into five general categories. They are as follows: (1) Quanitative passive assay, of which transmission-corrected passive assay methods for measuring isotopic masses/concentrations are an important subset; (2) Enrichment measurements on infinitely thick'' samples for absolute determination of isotopic fractions/concentrations; (3) Measurements of isotopic ratios using relative detection efficiency principles resulting in absolute isotopic distributions without recourse to standards; (4) Absorption-edge densitometry measurements of elemental concentrations; and (5) X-ray fluorescence measurements of elemental concentrations. Careful and correct practice of these techniques can yield measurement accuracies in the range of 0.1% to 1.0% in favorable situations with measurement times generally in the range of 15 minutes to 1 hour. We present examples of these general categories with emphasis on those measurements and techniques exhibiting the best accuracy, as well as those which are not routinely practiced in many other applications of gamma-ray spectrometry. 20 refs., 6 fig.

A wide variety of physical phenomena arising within many scientific disciplines can be described by systems of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs). The numerical approximation of these PDEs often involves the solution of a system of algebraic equations (possibly nonlinear) which are typically large, sparse and nonsymmetric. The increasing computational demands required by the solution of such complex scientific applications has motivated the current direction toward large-scale parallel computers. We, therefore, consider solution techniques of representative systems of equations on large scale MIMD machines. Our primary emphasis in this study is the evaluation of iterative methods for the solution of nonsymmetric systems. In particular, we discuss two Krylov subspace methods, the conjugate gradient squared algorithm (CGS) and the generalized minimum residual method (GMRES), along with the multigrid algorithm (MG) on massively parallel MIMD architectures. The focus of this evaluation considers the performance of various algorithm and implementation variations over a broad selection of problems using a parallel machine.

We examine compression of near-resonant pulses in metal vapor in the nonlinear regime. Our calculations examine nonlinear effects on compression of optimally-chirped pulses of various fluences. In addition, we compare model predictions with experimental results for compression of 4 nsec Nd:YAG pumped dye pulses.

Using first-principles calculations in conjunction with modeling techniques, the author has investigated the structures of Au and Ag monolayers on a number of metal surfaces. Au(100) has a c(26 {times} 68) surface unit cell and the reconstruction has been interpreted as the top layer transforming to a contracted hexagonal-close-packed layer, superimposed on the square lattice of the underlying substrate atoms. Similar reconstructions have been observed on the 5d fcc metals Ir and Pt, but not in the 4d Rh, Pd, and Ag. The author studied the energetics of a monolayer of Au and Ag using first-principles calculations. The author found that it is energetically favorable for both Au and Ag to transform from a square to hexagonal arrangement and to contract to a higher surface density, but Au gains substantially more energy than Ag. This is true both for a monolayer in isolation as well as on top of a jellium surface. The author also calculated the mismatch energy (energy loss when the top layer loses registry with the substrate) for Au and Ag, and found that Ag has a slightly higher mismatch energy. The first-principles results thus offer a strong indication that Au(100) can reconstruct but Ag will not. …

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Child care facilities in building owned or leased by the State of Texas (RQ-1905)