This project revolves around understanding the fundamental processes involved in the catalytic removal of harmful oxygenated organics present in coal liquids. We will model the complex type of sulfided Mo catalyst proposed for these reactions with a simple single crystal surfaces that display a controlled range and number of reaction sites and can be extensively characterized by surface science techniques.

This paper discusses dendritic sidebranching; anisotropic surface tension; light scattering at the crystal-melt interface; and succinonitrite-dye mixtures.

Reaction pathways leading to the formation and cleavage of a transition metal-carbon bond at various oxidation states of the metal occupy a central position in understanding many enzymatic reactions and designing catalysts. The report is divided into six parts that (1) focus on the homolysis vs heterolysis of a C-Cr(III) bond, (2) describes a unique chain reaction and a S{sub E}2 reaction I{sub 2} and RCrL{sup 2+}, (3) concerns the oxidation of organochromium(III) complexes by dihalide and pseudo-dihalide radical anions generated by pulse radiolysis, (4) concentrates on the oxidation mechanism of RCr(H{sub 2}O){sup 2+} and the fate of RCr(H{sub 2}O){sup 3+} as well as the corresponding reduction potentials, (5) extends study of organocobalt complexes with attention to reduction induced cleavages of a transition metal-carbon bond, and (6) describes the crystallization of ((CH{sub 3}){sub 4}N)(Co(dmgBF{sub 2}){sub 2}py) and reports its molecular structure as determined by x-ray diffraction. 182 refs., 25 figs., 16 tabs. (BM)

During the 1988/1989 run at the Fermilab Tevatron, the CDF detector collected {approx equal}4.1 pb{sup {minus}1} of p{bar p} data at {radical}s = 1.8 TeV. The main goals of this run being physics at high p{sub t}, the CDF trigger was tuned'' for maximizing signals from Z{sup 0}s, Ws, t-quarks, etc. As such, compared to the high p{sub t} physics, the b-physics program was of secondary importance other than that which would be used for background calculations. Also, CDF had no vertex chamber capability for seeing displaced vertices. However, significant b-quark, physics results are evident in two data samples; inclusive electrons and inclusive J/{psi} where J/{psi} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup {minus}}. We can then ask ourselves, given all this, why is it that CDF is able to do b-quark physics The answer is that nature has been kind enough to provide b-quarks at an extremely high rate at the Tevatron. The production cross-section for b{bar b} production is quite large. In the rest of this paper, I will try to specify the goals for b-physics using the inclusive electrons and J/{psi} signals for the 1988/1989 data set. I will then provide a brief look at the data, and will finish with …

In this paper we report recent QCD analysis with the new data taken from CDF detector. CDF recorded an integrated luminosity of 4.4 nb{sup {minus}1} during the 1988--1989 run at center of mass system (CMS) energy of 1.8 TeV. The major topics of this report are inclusive jet, dijet, trijet and direct photon analysis. These measurements are compared of QCD predictions. For the inclusive jet an dijet analysis, tests of quark compositeness are emphasized. 11 refs., 6 figs.

Experiment E760 has a lead glass (Pb-G) calorimeter situated in the antiproton source tunnel in the accumulator ring at location A50. This location is exposed to radiation from several sources during antiproton stacking operations. A series of radiation studies has been performed over the last two years to determine the sources of this radiation and as a result, some shielding has been installed in the antiproton source in order to protect the lead glass from radiation damage.

In the period of this grant I worked on three main areas: (1) Symmetries in inviscid flow equations in one, two, and three dimensions and related nonlinear stability theorems for these flows; (2) applications of Hamiltonian mechanics to the problems of shallow water equations and internal wave dynamics in oceanic flows; and, (3) analysis of signals from chaotic systems with an eye toward learning how to build models of chaotic systems in nature.

Much work has been devoted to methods for reasoning about the specifications of operating system specifications, the goal being to develop specifications for an operating system that are verified to be secure. Before the verification should be attempted, the specifications should be tested. This paper presents tools that can assist in the security testing of specifications. The first tool is based on the final Algebra Specification and Execution (FASE) system, and would be used to test specifications with real input values. FASE is an executable specification language which is operational in style, in which entities are represented in terms of their observable behavior. To facilitate the testing of an operating system (and its specification), use FASE we have specified a Secure Resource Manager (SRM), a generic template of an operating system. The SRM specification can be specialized to a specification of a particular operating system; the SRM is quite general and handles most features of modern nondistributed operating systems. The second tool, called the PLANNER, is used to derive a sequence of operations that exhibits a security flaw, most often a covert channel for information flow. The PLANNER is based on classical methods of AI planning, specialized to achieve goals …

To determine the effect of alternate catalysts on the synthesis. This will include copper chromite catalysts impregnated with alkali metals such as potassium, rubidium and cesium as well as their use as homogenous catalysts in the form of methoxides or similar salts. The use of various copper chromite catalysts with different compositions will be studied: e.g. substituting barium for manganses in copper chromite catalyst has a beneficial effect. To determine the nature of the active catalysts in this reaction and the effect of deactivating agents such as CO{sub 2}, H{sub 2}O and CO. To determine the rate limiting steps in this reaction so that proper scale-up is possible. The effects of catalysts loading and reactor volume are of special importance. To develop mathematical models which can be used for prediction of rates of reaction and are suitable for scale-up of the reaction.

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a broadly applicable separation technique. It offers many advantages over high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), such as easily adapted for two-dimensional separation, for whole-column'' detection and for handling multiple samples, etc. However, due to its draggy development of detection techniques comparing with HPLC, TLC has not received the attention it deserves. Therefore, exploring new detection techniques is very important to the development of TLC. It is the principal of this dissertation to present a new detection method for TLC -- indirect fluorometric detection method. This detection technique is universal sensitive, nondestructive, and simple. This will be described in detail from Sections 1 through Section 5. Section 1 and 3 describe the indirect fluorometric detection of anions and nonelectrolytes in TLC. In Section 2, a detection method for cations based on fluorescence quenching of ethidium bromide is presented. In Section 4, a simple and interesting TLC experiment is designed, three different fluorescence detection principles are used for the determination of caffeine, saccharin and sodium benzoate in beverages. A laser-based indirect fluorometric detection technique in TLC is developed in Section 5. Section 6 is totally different from Sections 1 through 5. An ultrasonic effect on the separation of …

This manual describes in detail the solution of ten example problems using the explicit nonlinear finite element code DYNA3D. The sample problems include solid, shell, and beam element types, and a variety of linear and nonlinear material models. For each example, there is first an engineering description of the physical problem to be studied. Next, the analytical techniques incorporated in the model are discussed and key features of DYNA3D are highlighted. INGRID commands used to generate the mesh are listed, and sample plots from the DYNA3D analysis are given. Finally, there is a description of the TAURUS post-processing commands used to generate the plots of the solution. This set of example problems is useful in verifying the installation of DYNA3D on a new computer system. In addition, these documented analyses illustrate the application of DYNA3D to a variety of engineering problems, and thus this manual should be helpful to new analysts getting started with DYNA3D. 7 refs., 56 figs., 9 tabs.

This is a summary of some of the many recent results from the CERN and Fermilab colliders, presented for an audience of nuclear, medium-energy, and elementary particle physicists. The topics are jets and QCD at very high energies, precision measurements of electroweak parameters, the remarkably heavy top quark, and new results on the detection of the large flux of B mesons produced at these machines. A summary and some comments on the bright prospects for the future of hadron colliders conclude the talk. 39 refs., 44 figs., 3 tabs.

A new way to characterize the performance of the LBL HIF ion source has been found. In the LBL source, ions are drawn from an arc-generated plasma reservoir in which the electrons are confined by a negative-biased switch'' mesh. Stagnation of the plasma is prevented by absorption of the excess ion flow on this mesh. The ion beam is generated by an external negative voltage that provides Child-Langmuir extraction of the ions through the switch mesh. We elucidate the physics requirements of the source and deduce switch mesh parameters needed for successful operation. 2 refs., 2 figs.

The purpose of this project was to determine the effects that tributyl phosphate (TBP) would have on a polysulfone crossflow ultrafilter. Aqueous simulant solutions containing TBP (100 or 1000 mg/L) and Fe(III), Si(IV), Al(III), and NaNO{sub 3} were examined. Results obtained from simulant solutions containing 100 mg/L TBP were virtually identical to those obtained in the absence of TBP. However, a solution containing higher concentrations of TBP (1000 mg/L) very rapidly reduced the permeate flow rate to nearly zero. Chemical cleaning was successful in restoring initial flow rates. Permeate flux was plotted as a function of transmembrane pressure for clean water before and after the filter had been exposed to TBP. Also, the axial pressure drop was plotted as a function of the Reynolds numbers. Linear correlation of these data suggested that the filter did not swell or become distorted. Therefore, it was concluded that TBP does not have a permanent effect on this polysulfone ultrafilter. 6 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

The traveler spent eleven intense days at CERN, Switzerland. His time was divided between daytime, when he worked mainly on L* issues, and evenings/nights, when he performed shift work during the current run of the WA80 collaboration. It was decided to reduce the size and cost of the proposed L* experiment. Strategy for SSC subsystem proposals was discussed, and several relevant decisions were made.

The Configurable Seismic Monitoring System (CSMS), developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) was deployed in a 13-m deep vault on the AFTAC facility at Pinedale, Wyoming to record the Bullion nuclear test. The purpose of the exercise was to meet all provisions of the new TTBT protocol on in-country seismic recording at a Designated Seismic Station (DSS). The CSMS successfully recorded the Bullion event consistent with and meeting all requirements in the new treaty protocol. In addition, desirable seismic system features not specified in the treaty protocol were determined; treaty protocol ambiguities were identified, and useful background noise recordings at the Pinedale site were obtained. 10 figs.

Computing architectures using distributed processing and distributed databases are increasingly becoming considered acceptable solutions for advanced data processing systems. This is occurring even though there is still considerable professional debate as to what truly'' distributed computing actually is and despite the relative lack of advanced relational database management software (RDBMS) capable of meeting database and system integrity requirements for developing reliable integrated systems. This study investigates the functionally of ORACLE data base management software that is performing distributed processing between a MicroVAX/VMS minicomputer and three MS-DOS-based microcomputers. The ORACLE database resides on the MicroVAX and is accessed from the microcomputers with ORACLE SQL*NET, DECnet, and ORACLE PC TOOL PACKS. Data gathered during the study reveals that there is a demonstrable decrease in CPU demand on the MicroVAX, due to distributed processing'', when the ORACLE PC Tools are used to access the database as opposed to database access from dumb'' terminals. Also discovered were several hardware/software constraints that must be considered in implementing various software modules. The results of the study indicate that this distributed data processing architecture is becoming sufficiently mature, reliable, and should be considered for developing applications that reduce processing on central hosts. 33 refs., 2 figs.

This report discusses the following topics on proton beam bunching: space charge, a collective but incoherent effect; a very short proton bunch; long proton bunches; transition energy crossing; intrabeam scattering; vacuum related effects; and the issue of mode-coupling for proton bunches. (LSP)

While on vacation, the traveler attended the European Nuclear Conference in Lyon, France. This trip was part of an outside activity approved by DOE. The traveler is a consultant to Loyola College, serving as chairman of a panel to assess the state of the art in the controls and instrumentation technology in the European nuclear community. This study is being conducted by Loyola College under subcontract to the National Science Foundation. The traveler was surprised by the level of automation claimed (by the company Siemens AG KWU) to be present in the German Konvoi nuclear power plants. The claim was that this was done to improve the safety of the plant by keeping the operator out of the loop'' for the first 30 minutes of some transients or accidents.

Mechanical testing of uranium-0.8 wt % titanium (U-0.8 wt % Ti) alloys can affect the outcome of mechanical properties, primarily ductility, by varying the crosshead velocity, which changes the strain rate. However, most specifications that govern mechanical properties of this alloy reference ASTM E-8, which limits the speed to 0.5 in./in. of gage length per minute. Our current procedure for testing U-0.8 Ti is not at the maximum speed permitted in ASTM E-8, so an experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of maximizing the crosshead velocity per ASTM E-8. In order to create a fair assessment, tensile specimens were prepared that were low in internal hydrogen (0.02 ppM) and higher in internal hydrogen (0.36 ppM). External hydrogen effects were minimized by testing in a controlled environment that contained less than 10% relative humidity. Test results showed that for the low hydrogen test group, increasing the crosshead velocity caused a significant increase in reduction in area (RA), but not in elongation. For the higher hydrogen test group, increasing the speed resulted in a significant increase in RA and an increase, though not statistically significant, in elongation. Of equal importance was an observation that strongly suggests a correlation between material defects, …

Greater understanding of the connection between the weak and electromagnetic interactions is central to progress in elementary-particle physics. A definitive exploration of the mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking will require collisions between fundamental constituents at energies on the order of 1 TeV. This goal drives the design of high-energy, high-luminosity hadron colliders that will be commissioned during the next decade, but by no means completely defines their scientific potential. These three lectures are devoted to a review of the standard-model issues that motivated an experimental assault on the 1-TeV scale, an introduction to the machines and the experimental environment they will present, and a survey of possibilities for measurement and discovery with a multi-TeV hadron collider. 72 refs., 29 figs.

This report discusses the following topics: general LEGS work; photodisintegration of the deuteron; progress towards other experiments; LEGS instrumentation; major LEGS software projects; NaI detector system; nucleon detector system; waveshifting fibers; EGN prototype detector for CEBAF; photon beam facility at CEBAF; delta electroproduction in nuclei; quasielastic scattering and excitation of the Delta by {sup 4}He(e,e{prime}); and quasielastic scattering at high Q{sup 2}.

Two hadron collider experiments are actively pursuing QCD jet analyses. They are CDF, with a {radical}s = 1800 GeV, and UA2, with a {radical}s = 630 GeV. Recent results from these collaborations are discussed. The inclusive jet spectrum, dijet mass and angular distribution are compared to QCD predictions and used to set limits on quark substructure. Data from both experiments are compared to the O({alpha}{sub s}{sup 3}) calculations for the inclusive jet cross section. Studies of 3-jet, 4-jet and 5-jet events are described. A limit is set on the cross section for double parton scattering from the UA2 4-jet analysis. The inclusive photon cross section has been measured by both CDF and UA2 and is compared to theoretical predictions. 13 refs., 17 figs., 1 tab.

To characterize line formation near threshold for electron-impact excitation, dielectronic capture into high-n levels in lithiumlike Ti{sup 19+} ions has been studied with high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy on the Livermore electron beam ion trap. The process is shown to result in satellite lines which are virtually indistinguishable from their dipole-allowed heliumlike parent lines. High-n satellite lines are absent from dipole-forbidden heliumlike lines.