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Application of NMR Spectroscopy and Multidimensional Imaging to the Gelcasting Process and in-situ Real-Time Monitoring of Cross-Linking Polyacrylamide Gels
In the gelcasting process, a slurry of ceramic powder in a solution of organic monomers is cast in a mold. The process is different from injection molding in that it separates mold-filling from setting during conversion of the ceramic slurry to a formed green part. In this work, NMR spectroscopy and imaging have been conducted for in-situ monitoring of the gelation process and for mapping the polymerization. ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra have been obtained during polymerization of a premix of soluble reactive methacrylamide (monomer) and N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide (cross-linking molecules). The premix was polymerized by adding ammonium persulfate (initiator) and tetramethyl-ethylene-diamine (accelerator) to form long-chain, cross-linked polymers. The time-varying spin-lattice relaxation times T₁ during polymerization have been studied at 25 and 35 C, and the variation of spectra and T₁ with respect to extent of polymerization has been determined. To verify homogeneous polymerization, multidimensional NMR imaging was utilized for in-situ monitoring of the process. The intensities from the images are modeled and the correspondence shows a direct extraction of T₁ data from the images.
Date:
April 1995
Creator:
Ahuja, S.; Dieckman, S. L.; Gopalsami, Nachappa; Raptis, A. C. & Omatete, Oritsegbemi O.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solidification Modeling of a Spiral Casting to Determine Material Fluidity
In casting, fluidity is the measure of the distance a metal can flow in a channel before being stopped by solidification. During mold filling, the metal loses heat to the surrounding mold, thereby cooling and becoming more viscous until the leading portion solidifies and no further flow is possible. A coupled heat-transfer and fluid-flow modeling of a spiral, involving the use of thermophysical properties to determine material fluidity, has been conducted. Simulations of these experiments utilized the Casting Process Simulator (CaPS) software developed at Argonne National Laboratory. Two types of spiral geometries with different assumptions were considered: (1) a two-dimensional laterally stretched spiral and (2) a three-dimensional lateral spiral. The computer extent of mold filling is in good agreement with the experimental results. Time required by the metal/gas interface to attain specific positions in the spiral arm also compares favorably with the experimental results. The influence of process variables, especially pour time, is discussed. The CaPS software has been used as a computational tool to investigate the validity of the dimensionality assumptions and to evaluate the ability of CaPS to model fluidity adequately.
Date:
February 1994
Creator:
Ahuja, S.; Domanus, H. M.; Schmitt, R. C.; Chuzhoy, L. & Grabel, J. V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development and Demonstration of Compound Parabolic Concentrators for Solar Thermal Power Generation and Heating and Cooling Applications, Progress Report: July-December 1975
Progress report describing the development of Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPC). A tenfold concentrator with a cavity receiver was constructed and tested. The optical efficiency was very good (65 percent), but the thermal performance was degraded by heat losses of the cavity receiver. A summary of the results of subcontracts described in the previous progress report are presented, and the influence of these results on ANL programs is noted.
Date:
1977
Creator:
Allen, John W.; Levitz, Norman M.; Rabl, Ari; Reed, Kent A.; Schertz, William W.; Thodos, George et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Transient Behavior of Single-Phase Natural Circulation Water Loop Systems
Report issued by the Argonne National Laboratory discussing single-phase water loop systems. As stated in the introduction, "the principal objective of this study was to determine the reliability of the calculations based upon numerical solutions of finite-difference energy and flow equations" (p. 9). This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.
Date:
March 1956
Creator:
Alstad, C. D.; Isbin, H. S.; Amundson, N. R. & Silvers, J. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Interim Report on the Development and Application of Environmental Mapped Data Digitization, Encoding, Analysis, and Display Software for the ALICE System, Volume 1
Report discusses the development of the existing ALICE Image Processing System into a computer-aided digitization, encoding, analysis and display system for mapped information pertaining to the environment and its elements.
Date:
June 1979
Creator:
Amiot, L. W.; Lima, R. J.; Scholbrock, S. D.; Shelman, C. B. & Wehman, R. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Overview of Pool-Type LMFBRs : General Characteristics
This report describes the results of a study conducted by a "Pool Study Group" organized at ANL in mid-1975 to examine the present state of the air of design of pool-type LMFBRs. The study concentrated on examination of various design options used to date in the principle pool-type projects and design studies in this country and abroad, including the Phenix and Super-Phenix reactors (France), PFR and CFR (U.K.), RN-600 (U.S.S.R.) and EBR-II (U.S.A.). The objective of the report is to provide a step toward better understanding of the pool-type system and of the advantages and disadvantages of the various possible approaches to its design.
Date:
May 1976
Creator:
Amorosi, A.; Hutter, E.; Marciniak, T. J.; Monson, H. O.; Seidensticker, R. W. & Simmons, W. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Engineering Properties of Diphenyl
Report issued by the Argonne National Laboratory discussing engineering properties of diphenyl. As stated in the abstract, "data collected from the literature on the vapor pressure, enthalpy, liquid density, and vapor density of pure diphenyl are presented. A Mollier diagram, a temperature entropy diagram, and data on viscosity of diphenyl as a function of temperature are also presented" (p. 5). This report includes tables, and illustrations.
Date:
August 11, 1953
Creator:
Anderson, Kermit
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Final Report on the Small-Scale Vapor-Explosion Experiments Using a Molten NaCl-H2O System
Vapor explosions were produced by injecting small quantities of water into a container filled with molten sodium chloride. Minimum explosion efficiencies, as evaluated from reaction-impulse measurements, were relatively large. Subsurface movies showed that the explosions resulted from a two-step sequence: an initial bulk-mixing phase in which the two liquids intermix on a large scale, but remain locally separated by an insulating gas-vapor layer; and a second step, immediately following breakdown of the gas layer, during which the two liquids locally fragment, intermix, and pressurize very rapidly. The experimental results were compared with various mechanistic models that had been proposed to explain vapor explosions. Early models seemed inconsistent with the results. More recent theories suggest that vapor explosions may be caused by a nucleation limit or by dynamic mixing combined with high surface-heat-transfer rates. Both types of models are consistent with the results.
Date:
April 1976
Creator:
Anderson, R. P. & Bova, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Survey and Status Report on Application of Acoustic-Boiling-Detection Techniques to Liquid-Metal-Cooled Reactors
Report issued by the Argonne National Laboratory discussing acoustic-boiling-detection techniques. As stated in the abstract, "this report summarizes literature through June 1967 concerning acoustic methods. In the acoustic method for boiling detection, either acoustic waveguides or high-temperature acoustic sensors are recommended" (p. 1). This report includes tables, and illustrations.
Date:
April 1970
Creator:
Anderson, T. T.; Mulcahey, T. P. & Hsu, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Residential Energy Consumption Analysis Utilizing the DOE-1 Computer Program
The DOE-1 computer program under development by Argonne National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, and Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory is used to examine energy consumption in a typical middle-class household in Cincinnati, Ohio. The program is used to compare energy consumption under different structural and environmental conditions including various levels of insulation in the walls and ceiling, double and single glazing of windows, and thermostat setback schedules.
Date:
April 1979
Creator:
Arentsen, Scott K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Beamline Initiative. Conceptual Design Report
The DOE is building a new generation 6-7 GeV Synchrotron Radiation Source known as the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory. This facility, to be completed in FY 1996, can provide 70 x-ray sources of unprecedented brightness to meet the research needs of virtually all scientific disciplines and numerous technologies. The technological research capability of the APS in the areas of energy, communications and health will enable a new partnership between the DOE and US industry. Current funding for the APS will complete the current phase of construction so that scientists can begin their applications in FY 1996. Comprehensive utilization of the unique properties of APS beams will enable cutting-edge research not currently possible. It is now appropriate to plan to construct additional radiation sources and beamline standard components to meet the excess demands of the APS users. In this APS Beamline Initiative, 2.5-m-long insertion-device x-ray sources will be built on four straight sections of the APS storage ring, and an additional four bending-magnet sources will also be put in use. The front ends for these eight x-ray sources will be built to contain and safeguard access to these bright x-ray beams. In addition, funds will be provided …
Date:
May 1993
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source : Conceptual Design Report
During the past decade, synchrotron radiation emitted by circulating electron beams has come into wide use as a powerful, versatile source of x-rays for probing the structure of matter and for studying various physical processes. Several synchrotron radiation facilities with different designs and characteristics are now in regular operation throughout the world, with recent additions in this country being the 0.8-GeV and 2.5-GeV rings of NSLS at Brookhaven National Laboratory. However, none of the operating facilities has been designed to use a low-emittance, high-energy stored beam, together with modern undulator devices, to produce a large number of hard x-ray beams of extremely high brilliance. This document is a proposal to the Department of Energy to construct and operate high-energy synchrotron radiation facility at Argonne National Laboratory. We have now chosen to set the design energy of this facility at 7.0 GeV, with the capability to operate at up to 7.5 GeV.
Date:
April 1987
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Instrumentation Initiative. Conceptual Design Report
In this APS Instrumentation Initiative, 2.5-m-long and 5-m-long insertion-device x-ray sources will be built on 9 straight sections of the APS storage ring, and an additional 9 bending-magnet sources will also be put in use. The front ends for these 18 x-ray sources will be built to contain and safeguard access to these bright x-ray beams. In addition, funds will be provided to build state-of-the-art insertion-device beamlines to meet scientific and technological research demands well into the next century. This new initiative will also include four user laboratory modules and a special laboratory designed to meet the x-ray imaging research needs of the users. The Conceptual Design Report (CDR) for the APS Instrumentation Initiative describes the scope of all the above technical and conventional construction and provides a detailed cost and schedule for these activities. According to these plans, this new initiative begins in FY 1994 and ends in FY 1998. The document also describes the preconstruction R & D plans for the Instrumentation Initiative activities and provides the cost estimates for the required R & D.
Date:
October 1992
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1986 Annual Site Environmental Report for Argonne National Laboratory
Report on the ongoing environmental monitoring program at Argonne National Laboratory.
Date:
March 1987
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Addendum to a Proposal for ATLAS: a Precision-Ion Accelerator at Argonne National Laboratory, December 1978
This revised proposal for the construction of the Argonne Tandem-Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) is in all essentials the same as the proposal originally presented to NUSAC in March 1978. The only differences worth mentioning are the plan to expand the experimental area somewhat more than was originally proposed and an increased cost, brought about principally by inflation. The outline presented is the same (with minor change in wording) as in the original document, reproduced here for the convenience of the reader.
Date:
1978
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Annex to 7-GeV Advanced Photon Source : Conceptual Design Report
The Annex to the 7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Conceptual Design Report updates the Conceptual Design Report of 1987 (CDR-87) to include the results of further optimization and changes of the design during the past year. The design changes can be summarized as affecting three areas: the accelerator system, conventional facilities, and experimental systems. Most of the changes in the accelerator system result from inclusion of a positron accumulator ring (PAR), which was added at the suggestion of the 1987 DOE Review Committee, to speed up the filling rate of the storage ring. The addition of the PAR necessitates many minor changes in the linac system, the injector synchrotron, and the low-energy beam transport lines. 63 figs., 18 tabs.
Date:
May 1988
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Annual Site Environmental Report for Argonne National Laboratory
Report on the environmental impact of Argonne National Laboratory.
Date:
April 1988
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of International Safeguards to Fast Critical Assembly Facilities. FY 1980 Summary Report
Nuclear materials inventory-verification techniques for large split-table fast critical assemblies are being studied in this program. Emphasis has been given to techniques that minimize fuel handling in order to reduce facility downtime and radiation exposure to the inventory team. The techniques studied include drawer seals, autoradiography, and spectral index measurements. Two-drawer sealing techniques have been studied, and the relative strengths and weaknesses are pointed out. The rod-type locking mechanism would not disrupt the reactor cooling air flow or interfere with autoradiography but is more expensive to implement. Passive autoradiography was used in a ZPPR inventory to verify to a 93% confidence level that less than 8-kg plutonium was missing. The inventory was completed in four days by a five-member team with radiation exposures well within acceptable limits. Two autoradiographic film packages were developed to distinguish HEU from a DU matrix. The 30-mil pack requires an exposure between 4 and 16 hours and fits into most of the drawers. The 40-mil pack requires only a two-hour exposure but fits into less than half the drawers.
Date:
December 1980
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Argonne National Laboratory Annual Report: 1956
Report issued by the Argonne National Laboratory discussing the variety of work done at the laboratory during the year of 1956. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.
Date:
1956
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Argonne National Laboratory Annual Report: 1957
Report issued by the Argonne National Laboratory discussing the variety of work done at the laboratory during the year of 1957. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.
Date:
1957
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Argonne National Laboratory Annual Report: 1958
Report issued by the Argonne National Laboratory discussing the variety of work done at the laboratory during the year of 1958. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.
Date:
1958
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Argonne National Laboratory-East Site Environmental Report for Calendar Year 1989
This report discusses the results of the environmental monitoring program at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) for 1989. To evaluate the effects of ANL operations on the environment, samples of environmental media collected on the site, at the site boundary, and off the ANL site were analyzed and compared. A variety of radionuclides were measured in air, surface water, groundwater, soil, grass, bottom sediment, and milk samples.
Date:
April 1990
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Argonne Solar Energy Program Annual Report: 1978
Annual report of the Solar Energy Program describing work in solar energy collection, heating and cooling, thermal energy storage, ocean thermal energy conversion, photovoltaics, satellite power systems, bioconversion, central receiver solar thermal power, and wind energy conversion.
Date:
February 1979
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Argonne Solar Energy Program Annual Report: 1979
This report describes the R&D work done at Argonne National Laboratory on solar energy technologies during the period October 1, 1978, to September 30, 1979. Technical areas included in the ANL solar program are solar energy collection, heating and cooling, thermal energy storage, ocean thermal energy conversion, photovoltaics, biomass conversion, satellite power systems, and solar liquid-metal MHD power systems.
Date:
June 1980
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library